在这里完成初学者。我一直在学习Hartl Rails教程——目前是第3章中可选练习的"高级测试设置"。虽然测试之前运行得很顺利，但在运行"rake测试"或"guard"时，我会出现以下错误：
LoadError: cannot load such file --
/home/ubuntu/workspace/sample_app/test/config/environment
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/home/ubuntu/workspace/sample_app/test/controllers/static_pages_controller_test.rb:10:in `<class:StaticPagesControllerTest>'
/home/ubuntu/workspace/sample_app/test/controllers/static_pages_controller_test.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `block (3 levels) in define'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `each'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:114:in `block (2 levels) in define'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:113:in `each'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:113:in `block in define'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:31:in `create_and_run_single_test'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/sub_test_task.rb:17:in `invoke_rake_task'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/railties-4.2.0/lib/rails/test_unit/testing.rake:8:in `block in <top (required)>'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `block in load'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5@rails4/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in `load'
-e:1:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => test:single
(See full trace by running task with --trace)
我使用的是教程中的标准宝石文件：
source 'https://rubygems.org'
gem 'rails', '4.2.0'
gem 'sass-rails', '5.0.1'
gem 'uglifier', '2.5.3'
gem 'coffee-rails', '4.1.0'
gem 'jquery-rails', '4.0.3'
gem 'turbolinks', '2.3.0'
gem 'jbuilder', '2.2.3'
gem 'sdoc', '0.4.0', group: :doc
group :development, :test do
gem 'sqlite3', '1.3.9'
gem 'byebug', '3.4.0'
gem 'web-console', '2.0.0.beta3'
gem 'spring', '1.1.3'
end
group :test do
gem 'minitest-reporters', '1.0.5'
gem 'mini_backtrace', '0.1.3'
gem 'guard-minitest', '2.3.1'
end
group :production do
gem 'pg', '0.17.1'
gem 'rails_12factor', '0.0.2'
end
我确信这不是一个困难的解决方案，但我想我还是问问吧。非常感谢！
正如Joel提到的那样，require语句似乎有问题。确保在"guard minitest"之前安装了"guard"。
将gem‘guard’添加到您的gem文件&运行捆绑包安装。我希望它能解决问题。
看起来require语句有错误。
您是否已将以下代码添加到test_helper文件中？（复制自https://www.railstutorial.org/book/static_pages#sec-advanced_testing_setup）
ENV['RAILS_ENV'] ||= 'test'
require File.expand_path('../../config/environment', __FILE__)
require 'rails/test_help'
require "minitest/reporters"
Minitest::Reporters.use!
class ActiveSupport::TestCase
# Setup all fixtures in test/fixtures/*.yml for all tests in alphabetical
# order.
fixtures :all
# Add more helper methods to be used by all tests here...
end
特别注意这一行：
require File.expand_path('../../config/environment', __FILE__)
把这个放在你的gemfile:
gem 'guard', '~> 2.13'