在python中使用IfcOpenShell提取元素的数量



我正在尝试使用 Python 中的IfcOpenShell读取ifc文件中对象的最深层次的数量。到目前为止,我有:

import ifcopenshell
path = r'D:ifcos_1slab.ifc'
ifc_file = ifcopenshell.open(path)
geometries = ifc_file.by_type("IfcProduct")
for geometry in geometries:
if geometry.is_a("IfcSlab"):
print geometry
test = geometry.IfcPhysicalQuantity()
print test

我研究了定义

无论我尝试为test = geometry.X()放置哪种类型的函数,我都会收到一个错误:

File "C:Python27libsite-packagesifcopenshellentity_instance.py", line 48, in __getattr__
"entity instance of type '%s' has no attribute '%s'" % (self.wrapped_data.is_a(), name))
AttributeError: entity instance of type 'IfcSlab' has no attribute 'IfcPhysicalQuantity'

不知道如何解决这个问题,希望得到帮助。

编辑:

获得平板和更多参考的进一步工作:

for geometry in geometries:
if geometry.is_a("IfcSlab"):
print geometry
definedBy = geometry.IsDefinedBy
print definedBy[0]
for each in definedBy:
test = each.is_a()
print test

到目前为止,障碍是与IFC4的兼容性,我将尝试按照此论坛帖子的说明重新编译。

编辑2:

目前使用IFC 2x3标准的进一步工作,其中包含数量信息的文件(通过原始数据验证)。以下是相关代码:

for geometry in geometries:
if geometry.is_a("IfcSlab"):
definedBy = geometry.IsDefinedBy
for line in definedBy:
test = line.is_a()
# print test
if line.is_a() == 'IfcRelDefinesByProperties' or line.is_a() == 'IfcRelDefinesByType':
step1 = line.RelatingPropertyDefinition
step2 = step1.is_a()
print step2

无论我在step1 = line.之后放置什么,都会有错误,以下都没有给出结果:

line.IfcPropertySet
line.IfcElementQuantity
line.RelatingPropertyDefiniton

尽管如此,此代码的输出是:

IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcPropertySet
IfcElementQuantity
IfcElementQuantity

这意味着我可以访问IfcElementQuantity但属性都不起作用。我查看了架构参考,但找不到正确的架构参考。

在实现这一点时,您应该注意导入库适用于哪个版本的 IFC - IfcOpenShell 网站分发的版本适用于 IFC2X3。对于 IFC4,您可能需要自己编译一个版本。(您可以使用ifcopenshell.schema_identifier检查您的 IFC 版本)

我正在将链接链接到buildingSMART IFC 4定义,即使我谈论的是IFC2X3。与IFC2X3的差异在buildingSMART网页上以红色标记。IFC4的定义更好读(IMO)。

数量不像属性那样直接附加。它们被编写为属性集,然后与元素或元素类型相关。因此,首先您应该确保您的 IFC 文件包含数量 - 否则您将找不到任何数量。通常您从特定产品开始 -ifc_file.by_type('IfcSlab').您可以通过反向属性访问属性集 - 这些属性通常由 IFC 库设置,它们不会直接显示为文件中的属性。

我拿了你的示例文件并将其缩短到大约三分之一(所以它仍然是一个有效的 IFC2X3 文件):

ISO-10303-21;
HEADER;FILE_DESCRIPTION(('ViewDefinition [Custom, QuantityTakeOffAddOnView, SpaceBoundary2ndLevelAddOnView]','Option [Drawing Scale: 100.000000]','Option [Global Unique Identifiers (GUID): Keep existing]','Option [Elements to export: Visible elements (on all stories)]','Option [Partial Structure Display: Entire Model]','Option [IFC Domain: All]','Option [Structural Function: All Elements]','Option [Convert Grid elements: On]','Option [Convert IFC Annotations and ARCHICAD 2D elements: Off]','Option [Convert 2D symbols of Doors and Windows: Off]','Option [Explode Composite and Complex Profile elements into parts: On]','Option [Export geometries that Participates in Collision Detection only: Off]','Option [Elements in Solid Element Operations: Extruded/revolved]','Option [Elements with junctions: Extruded/revolved without junctions]','Option [Slabs with slanted edge(s): Extruded]','Option [Use legacy geometric methods as in Coordination View 1.0: Off]','Option [IFC Site Geometry: As boundary representation (BRep)]','Option [IFC Site Location: At Project Origin]','Option [Curtain Wall export mode: Container Element]','Option [Railing export mode: Single Element]','Option [Stair export mode: Container Element]','Option [Properties To Export: All properties]','Option [Space containment: On]','Option [IFC Domain For Space Containment: All]','Option [Bounding Box: Off]','Option [Geometry to type objects: Off]','Option [Element Properties: All]','Option [Property Type Element Parameter: On]','Option [Quantity Type Element Parameter: On]','Option [IFC Base Quantities: On]','Option [Window Door Lining and Panel Parameters: On]','Option [IFC Space boundaries: On]','Option [ARCHICAD Zone Categories as IFC Space classification data: On]','Option [Element Classifications: On]'),'2;1');
FILE_NAME('D:\Side Projects\Paragraph3\The database\IFC Files\Local tests\ifcos_1\slab.ifc','2018-06-13T18:28:40',('Architect'),('Building Designer Office'),'The EXPRESS Data Manager Version 5.02.0100.09 : 26 Sep 2013','IFC file generated by GRAPHISOFT ARCHICAD-64 21.0.0 INT FULL Windows version (IFC2x3 add-on version: 3005 INT FULL).','The authorising person');
FILE_SCHEMA(('IFC2X3'));
ENDSEC;
DATA;
#1= IFCPERSON($,'Undefined',$,$,$,$,$,$);
#7= IFCPERSONANDORGANIZATION(#1,#10,$);
#10= IFCORGANIZATION('GS','GRAPHISOFT','GRAPHISOFT',$,$);
#11= IFCAPPLICATION(#10,'21.0.0','ARCHICAD-64','IFC2x3 add-on version: 3005 INT FULL');
#12= IFCOWNERHISTORY(#7,#11,$,.ADDED.,$,$,$,1528907320);
#13= IFCSIUNIT(*,.LENGTHUNIT.,.MILLI.,.METRE.);
#14= IFCSIUNIT(*,.AREAUNIT.,$,.SQUARE_METRE.);
#16= IFCSIUNIT(*,.PLANEANGLEUNIT.,$,.RADIAN.);
#17= IFCMEASUREWITHUNIT(IFCPLANEANGLEMEASURE(0.0174532925199),#16);
#18= IFCDIMENSIONALEXPONENTS(0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
#19= IFCCONVERSIONBASEDUNIT(#18,.PLANEANGLEUNIT.,'DEGREE',#17);
#29= IFCUNITASSIGNMENT((#13,#14,#19));
#31= IFCDIRECTION((1.,0.,0.));
#35= IFCDIRECTION((0.,0.,1.));
#37= IFCCARTESIANPOINT((0.,0.,0.));
#39= IFCAXIS2PLACEMENT3D(#37,#35,#31);
#40= IFCDIRECTION((0.,1.));
#42= IFCGEOMETRICREPRESENTATIONCONTEXT($,'Model',3,1.00000000000E-5,#39,#40);
#45= IFCPROJECT('344O7vICcwH8qAEnwJDjSU',#12,'Project',$,$,$,$,(#42),#29);
#59= IFCLOCALPLACEMENT($,#39);
#62= IFCSITE('20FpTZCqJy2vhVJYtjuIce',#12,'Site',$,$,#59,$,$,.ELEMENT.,(47,33,34,948800),(19,3,17,204400),0.,$,$);
#68= IFCRELAGGREGATES('0Du7$nzQXCktKlPUTLFSAT',#12,$,$,#45,(#62));
#74= IFCQUANTITYLENGTH('GrossPerimeter',$,$,0.);
#76= IFCQUANTITYAREA('GrossArea',$,$,0.);
#77= IFCELEMENTQUANTITY('2GNZepdf73fvGc$0W6rozj',#12,'BaseQuantities',$,'ARCHICAD BIM Base Quantities',(#74,#76));
#82= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('2Hm9JvZjohDNSD2kdxZI3b',#12,$,$,(#62),#77);
#93= IFCLOCALPLACEMENT(#59,#39);
#95= IFCBUILDING('00tMo7QcxqWdIGvc4sMN2A',#12,'Building',$,$,#93,$,$,.ELEMENT.,$,$,$);
#97= IFCRELAGGREGATES('2b_h_mYcGArd6glJG2Fmbt',#12,$,$,#62,(#95));
#101= IFCQUANTITYAREA('GrossFloorArea',$,$,0.);
#102= IFCELEMENTQUANTITY('1kQMlmT0rD35a9E43iKTas',#12,'BaseQuantities',$,'ARCHICAD BIM Base Quantities',(#101));
#104= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('0L87OdSD3DqSTjSRlAciZL',#12,$,$,(#95),#102);
#115= IFCLOCALPLACEMENT(#93,#39);
#117= IFCBUILDINGSTOREY('1oZ0wPs_PE8ANCPg3bIs4j',#12,'Ground Floor',$,$,#115,$,$,.ELEMENT.,0.);
#119= IFCRELAGGREGATES('118jwqMnuwK1xuf97w7fU5',#12,$,$,#95,(#117));
#180= IFCSLAB('3W29Drc$H6CxK3FGIxjJNl',#12,'SLA - 001',$,$,$,$,'E0089375-9BF4-4633-B503-3D04BBB535EF',.FLOOR.);
#195= IFCRELCONTAINEDINSPATIALSTRUCTURE('04ldtj6cp2dME6CiP80Bzh',#12,$,$,(#180),#117);
#326= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('Fragility rating',$,IFCLABEL('0'),$);
#327= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('Tile dimensions',$,IFCLABEL('Undefined'),$);
#328= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('Anti-static Surface',$,IFCBOOLEAN(.F.),$);
#329= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('Non-skid Surface',$,IFCBOOLEAN(.F.),$);
#330= IFCPROPERTYSET('0LYX8AqOOS9ft8M4aJYEYa',#12,'FLOORINGS',$,(#326,#327,#328,#329));
#332= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('1G6WWCSQGg0PdTnW7hwMrM',#12,$,$,(#180),#330);
#335= IFCPROPERTYSINGLEVALUE('Renovation Status',$,IFCLABEL('Existing'),$);
#336= IFCPROPERTYSET('0cR6wsk2QWcLKPchA8mF3u',#12,'AC_Pset_RenovationAndPhasing',$,(#335));
#338= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('3nYD8KGPhoBw5okmj1JjsA',#12,$,$,(#180),#336);
#341= IFCQUANTITYLENGTH('Width',$,$,300.);
#342= IFCQUANTITYLENGTH('Perimeter',$,$,22000.);
#343= IFCQUANTITYAREA('GrossArea',$,$,28.);
#344= IFCQUANTITYAREA('NetArea',$,$,28.);
#345= IFCQUANTITYVOLUME('GrossVolume',$,$,8.4);
#346= IFCQUANTITYVOLUME('NetVolume',$,$,8.4);
#347= IFCELEMENTQUANTITY('1RfXJewSc7OCIaD$L2ZoXT',#12,'BaseQuantities',$,'ARCHICAD BIM Base Quantities',(#341,#342,#343,#344,#345,#346));
#349= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('085uLttAQRllG3nL_YikZ8',#12,$,$,(#180),#347);
#375= IFCQUANTITYVOLUME('Gross Volume of the Slab',$,$,8.4);
#376= IFCQUANTITYVOLUME('Gross Volume of the Slab with Holes',$,$,8.4);
#377= IFCQUANTITYLENGTH('Holes Perimeter',$,$,0.);
#378= IFCQUANTITYAREA('Holes Surface Area',$,$,0.);
#379= IFCQUANTITYLENGTH('Perimeter',$,$,22000.);
#381= IFCQUANTITYAREA('Top Surface Area',$,$,28.);
#382= IFCELEMENTQUANTITY('0DuZ12CVtssgcIQPaQ$1sp',#12,'ArchiCADQuantities',$,'ARCHICAD BIM Quantities',(#375,#376,#377,#378,#379,#381));
#384= IFCRELDEFINESBYPROPERTIES('0KgGv0Y8Fc2jg8BCPhxnM5',#12,$,$,(#180),#382);
#393= IFCSLABTYPE('0K1otpnkQcEpOBXPxnZ3dB',#12,'Timber - Floor 300',$,$,(#396),$,'14072DF3-C6E6-A63B-360B-859EF18C39CB',$,.FLOOR.);
#395= IFCRELDEFINESBYTYPE('353egCMRpZtJd$CDCoSsCb',#12,$,$,(#180),#393);
#352= IFCQUANTITYAREA('Area',$,$,28.);
#353= IFCQUANTITYLENGTH('Height',$,$,300.);
#354= IFCQUANTITYVOLUME('Net Volume',$,$,8.4);
#396= IFCELEMENTQUANTITY('1Zyxf4r7NogSp4V7ORMpET',#12,'ArchiCADQuantities',$,'ARCHICAD BIM Quantities',(#352,#353,#354));
ENDSEC;
END-ISO-10303-21;

这是一块附有面积测量值的板坯。它应该有一个反属性IsDefinedBy。在IFC2X3中,这指向实体IfcRelDefinesByProperties和IfcRelDefinesByType的列表。使用IFC4 IfcRelDefinesByType将被放入反向属性IsTypedBy

每个 IfcRelDefinesByProperties 都指向其属性RelatingPropertyDefinition中设置的属性。有各种属性集类型,您希望它在搜索物理量时为 IfcElementQuantity 类型。在迭代属性关系列表时,您必须在运行时检查当前持有的类型。

数量集在属性Quantities中附加了 IfcPhysicalQuantity 的列表。这些可以是简单量或复杂量,它们由多个简单量组成。对于简单数量,有面积、计数或重量的特定子类型。同样,您必须在运行时检查具体类型。

面积数量本身有一个名称和描述,以提供进一步的背景(不是我们的,但可能在现实世界中)。值属性以数量类型命名,因此 IfcQuantityArea 具有属性AreaValue。 同样令人感兴趣的是属性Unit,它是对值单位的引用。如果未设置(如我们的示例所示),则需要在 IfcProject 实体中查找分配的单位。

不幸的是,这可能还不是全部。如果对象(这里是我们的 IfcSlab)具有分配的对象类型,则该类型也可以附加属性集(我将示例文件修改为这种情况)。您的类型实体没有反向属性,而是直接属性,HasProperties.如果已设置,则可以通过它发现附加的属性。

总而言之,您可能需要多个循环:

  1. 对于每个对象,获取属性集
  2. 对于每个属性集,测试它是否是数量集
  3. 对于每个数量集,遍历数量

如果对象具有用户定义的类型,则可能会重复此搜索。

以下代码应该完全做到这一点(在我的机器上使用python 3.5.4和ifcopenshell编写IFC2X3模式)):

  1. 从文件中获取所有板(只有一个)
  2. 遍历反向属性IsDefinedBy中的所有实体 - 这些实体可以是IfcRelDefinesByPropertiesIFcRelDefinesByType
  3. 从实体获取属性集
  4. 检查给定的属性集是否IfcElementQuantity,如果是,则继续打印定量。
import ifcopenshell
def print_quantities(property_definition):
if 'IfcElementQuantity' == property_definition.is_a():
for quantity in property_definition.Quantities:
if 'IfcQuantityArea' == quantity.is_a():
print('Area value: ' + str(quantity.AreaValue))
if 'IfcQuantityVolume' == quantity.is_a():
print('Volume value: ' + str(quantity.VolumeValue))
if 'IfcQuantityLength' == quantity.is_a():
print('Length value: ' + str(quantity.LengthValue))
ifc_file = ifcopenshell.open('slab.ifc')
products = ifc_file.by_type('IfcSlab')
for product in products:
if product.IsDefinedBy:
definitions = product.IsDefinedBy
for definition in definitions:
#In IFC2X3 this could be property or type
#in IFC4 type is in inverse attribute IsTypedBy
if 'IfcRelDefinesByProperties' == definition.is_a():
property_definition = definition.RelatingPropertyDefinition
print_quantities(property_definition)
if 'IfcRelDefinesByType' == definition.is_a():
type = definition.RelatingType
if type.HasPropertySets:
for property_definition in type.HasPropertySets:
print_quantities(property_definition)

对于示例,这会导致:

Length value: 300.0
Length value: 22000.0
Area value: 28.0
Area value: 28.0
Volume value: 8.4
Volume value: 8.4
Volume value: 8.4
Volume value: 8.4
Length value: 0.0
Area value: 0.0
Length value: 22000.0
Area value: 28.0
Area value: 28.0
Length value: 300.0
Volume value: 8.4

IFC 中的数量存储在数量集中,其结构与属性集非常相似。IfcOpenShell提供了实用程序函数,以与模式无关的方式提取此数据:

for slab in ifc_file.by_type("IfcSlab"):
quantities = ifcopenshell.util.element.get_psets(slab, qtos_only=True)
print(quantities) # A dictionary of qtos and quantities
# For example print(quantities["Qto_SlabBaseQuantities"]["GrossVolume"])

我曾经写过几个函数来提取所有属性。

https://github.com/johannesmichael/ifc-python/blob/master/modules/ifc_pset_utils.py

可能不完整,但可以给你一个想法。 我提取所有内容以用于进一步分析。

基本数量:

def get_related_quantities(ifc_instance):
"""
Returns a list of IfcElementQuantity for given IFC ID
argument: ifc_instance
return: list of property sets
"""
quantities_list =[]
for x in ifc_instance.IsDefinedBy:
if x.is_a("IfcRelDefinesByProperties"):
if x.RelatingPropertyDefinition.is_a("IfcElementQuantity"):
quantities_list.append(x.RelatingPropertyDefinition)
return quantities_list  
def get_quantity_single_value(x):
"""
Returns a dict of dicts of IfcElementQuantity single values.
Returning a dictionary of dictionaries
is used, because it is easy to transform to pandas.DataFrame 
argument: IFC Element as contained in list from get_related_property_sets()
return: dict of property single values like {"IfcName":"xx", "IfcGlobalId": "klkhlkh", ......}
"""
quantities_dicts = {}
for y in x.Quantities:
if y.is_a('IfcQuantityArea'):
quantities_dicts.update({y.Name:y.AreaValue})
if y.is_a('IfcQuantityLength'):
quantities_dicts.update({y.Name:y.LengthValue})
if y.is_a('IfcQuantityVolume'):
quantities_dicts.update({y.Name:y.VolumeValue})
if y.is_a('IfcQuantityCount'):
quantities_dicts.update({y.Name:y.CountValue})
if y.is_a('IfcQuantityWeight'):
quantities_dicts.update({y.Name:y.WeightValue})
return quantities_dicts 

这是针对 IFC 2x3 TC1 完成的 希望有帮助

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