如何将mp3文件与滑块链接，以便滑块相对于mp3文件长度移动？在我的代码中，只有当我在滑块槽上按住鼠标时，滑块才会移动。如果不一直按住鼠标，我该如何使其工作？
#using python3.6
from tkinter import *
from pygame import mixer
root = Tk()
from mutagen.mp3 import MP3
fLen =MP3('A Message to you Bit.mp3')
FileLength = fLen.info.length * 1000
mixer.init()
#load & play an mp3 file from root dir
def Play():
mixer.music.load('A Message to you Bit.mp3')
mixer.music.set_volume(.25)
mixer.music.play()
#set slider to mp3 file position
def ProgressBar(event):
slider.set(mixer.music.get_pos())
#create widgets
playBut = Button(text='Play',command = Play)
playBut.pack()
slider = Scale(to=FileLength, orient=HORIZONTAL, command=ProgressBar)
slider.pack()
我修改了您的代码，演示如何将滑块链接到音轨。请参见下文。要更新滑块的位置，您需要熟悉以下内容：
- tkinter的
.get()和.set()方法(请参阅此处)，并使用tkinterScale小部件的变量选项(请参阅这里) - tkinter的
.after()方法(请参阅此处)创建一个事件循环来跟踪mp3文件的播放。我创建的.PlayTrack()函数演示了如何做到这一点 - 阅读Pygame的混音器文档我意识到
.get_pos()和.set_pos()在毫秒内工作秒，因此您需要小心转换
第1点：请注意，修订后的代码中存在问题。该代码能够从一开始就播放音乐文件。但是，如果幻灯片不在起始点，按下播放按钮将引发异常/错误
line 24, in Play mixer.music.set_pos( playtime )
pygame.error: set_pos unsupported for this codec。
我不知道.set_pos为什么不起作用。我会让你来解决这个问题。请在你解决问题后分享你的答案。一切顺利。
第2点：我将mixer.init()放在Play()函数中，而不是放在主代码中，因为我注意到一旦它被激活，整个CPU都会被消耗掉。我认为按下"播放"按钮后激活它可以帮助您节省计算资源。
修订后的代码：
#using python3.6
from tkinter import *
from pygame import mixer
root = Tk()
from mutagen.mp3 import MP3
#fLen =MP3('A Message to you Bit.mp3')
musicfile='Test.mp3'
fLen =MP3( musicfile )
FileLength = fLen.info.length
print('FileLength = ', FileLength, ' sec')
#load & play an mp3 file from root dir
def Play():
print('ndef Play():')
mixer.init()
mixer.music.load( musicfile )
mixer.music.set_volume( .25 )
playtime = slider_value.get()
if playtime > 0:
print( 'playtime = ', playtime, type(playtime) )
mixer.music.rewind()
mixer.music.set_pos( playtime )
mixer.music.play()
TrackPlay()
def TrackPlay():
if mixer.music.get_busy():
current = mixer.music.get_pos() #.get_pos() returns integer in milliseconds
print( 'current = ', current, type(current) )
slider_value.set( current/1000 ) #.set_pos() works in seconds
print( 'slider_value = ', slider_value.get(), type(slider_value.get()) )
root.after(1000, lambda:TrackPlay() ) # Loop every sec
#set slider to mp3 file position
def ProgressBar( value ):
print('ndef ProgressBar( value ):')
print('value = ', value, type(value))
slider_value.set( value )
print('slider_value.get() = ', slider_value.get(), type(slider_value.get()) )
print('value = ', value, type(value) )
#slider.configure(from_=slider_value.get())
#create widgets
playBut = Button(text='Play',command=Play)
playBut.pack()
slider_value = DoubleVar()
slider = Scale( to=FileLength, orient=HORIZONTAL, length=500, resolution=1,
showvalue=True, tickinterval=30, variable=slider_value,
command=ProgressBar)
slider.pack()
root.mainloop()
更新1:
我花了一些时间深入研究这个悬而未决的问题。在这样做的时候，我意识到有一些问题等着我们
要在定义的时间播放曲目，我们可以使用
pygame.mixer.music.play( start=time )。time是我们需要提供的一个论据。不需要使用pygame.mixer.music.set_pos()方法，这会给我们带来问题。Pygame的建议：
请注意，MP3支持是有限的。在某些系统上，不支持格式可能会使程序崩溃，例如Debian Linux。考虑使用OGG相反
MP3不适合pygame，所以我们应该考虑使用OGG。
为了使音乐跟踪器有用，它应该允许用户在播放曲目时重新定位滑块，并且播放将从新的滑块位置开始。为此，我们必须取消
.after方法创建的回调。为了解决这样的问题，以面向对象的方式编写python应用程序将使我们的工作变得更容易我们需要一种在整个Tk窗口被破坏之前退出pygame.mixer的方法。如果没有，它将继续在后台运行，并消耗整个CPU核心。
基于以上内容，我编写了一个新脚本。我发现它适用于ogg vorbis音轨，但不适用于mp3音轨。我已经将python脚本与我在脚本中所做的内容进行了注释。希望它能帮助你学习如何使用tkinter和python来做你想做的事情。这是我第一次使用pygame，所以如果我对pygame的回答不充分，请原谅我。
要使用此文件，请对第42、44和146行进行必要的更改。
新代码：
#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from mutagen.mp3 import MP3
from mutagen.oggvorbis import OggVorbis
from mutagen import MutagenError
from pygame import mixer
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.messagebox as tkMessageBox
class MusicPlayer( tk.Frame ):
def __init__(self, master, tracktype='ogg', *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(master) #initilizes self, which is a tk.Frame
self.pack()
# MusicPlayer's Atrributes
self.master = master # Tk window
self.track = None # Audio file
self.trackLength = None # Audio file length
self.player = None # Music player
self.playBut = None # Play Button
self.stopBut = None # Stop Button
self.slider = None # Progress Bar
self.slider_value = None # Progress Bar value
# Call these methods
self.get_AudioFile_MetaData( tracktype )
self.load_AudioFile()
self.create_Widgets()
def get_AudioFile_MetaData( self, tracktype ):
'''Get audio file and it's meta data (e.g. tracklength).'''
print( 'ndef get_AudioFileMetaData( self, audiofile ):' )
try:
if tracktype == 'mp3':
audiofile='Test.mp3' # In current directory
f = MP3( audiofile )
elif tracktype == 'ogg':
audiofile='Test.ogg' # In current directory
f = OggVorbis( audiofile )
else:
raise print( 'Track type not supported.' )
except MutagenError:
print( "Fail to load audio file ({}) metadata".format(audiofile) )
else:
trackLength = f.info.length
self.track = audiofile
self.trackLength = trackLength; print( 'self.trackLength',type(self.trackLength),self.trackLength,' sec' )
def load_AudioFile( self ):
'''Initialise pygame mixer, load audio file and set volume.'''
print( 'ndef load_AudioFile( self, audiofile ):' )
player = mixer
player.init()
player.music.load( self.track )
player.music.set_volume( .25 )
self.player = player
print('self.player ', self.player)
def create_Widgets ( self ):
'''Create Buttons (e.g. Start & Stop ) and Progress Bar.'''
print( 'ndef create_Widgets ( self ):' )
self.playBut = tk.Button( self, text='Play', command=self.Play )
self.playBut.pack()
self.stopBut = tk.Button( self, text='Stop', command=self.Stop )
self.stopBut.pack()
self.slider_value = tk.DoubleVar()
self.slider = tk.Scale( self, to=self.trackLength, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, length=700,
resolution=0.5, showvalue=True, tickinterval=30, digit=4,
variable=self.slider_value, command=self.UpdateSlider )
self.slider.pack()
def Play( self ):
'''Play track from slider location.'''
print('ndef Play():')
#1. Get slider location.
#2. Play music from slider location.
#3. Update slider location (use tk's .after loop)
playtime = self.slider_value.get(); print( type(playtime),'playtime = ',playtime,'sec' )
self.player.music.play( start=playtime ); print( 'Play Started' )
self.TrackPlay( playtime )
def TrackPlay( self, playtime ):
'''Slider to track the playing of the track.'''
print('ndef TrackPlay():')
#1.When track is playing
# 1. Set slider position to playtime
# 2. Increase playtime by interval (1 sec)
# 3. start TrackPlay loop
#2.When track is not playing
# 1. Print 'Track Ended'
if self.player.music.get_busy():
self.slider_value.set( playtime ); print( type(self.slider_value.get()),'slider_value = ',self.slider_value.get() )
playtime += 1.0
self.loopID = self.after(1000, lambda:self.TrackPlay( playtime ) );
print( 'self.loopID = ', self.loopID )
else:
print('Track Ended')
def UpdateSlider( self, value ):
'''Move slider position when tk.Scale's trough is clicked or when slider is clicked.'''
print( 'ndef UpdateSlider():' ); print(type(value),'value = ',value,' sec')
if self.player.music.get_busy():
print("Track Playing")
self.after_cancel( self.loopID ) #Cancel PlayTrack loop
self.slider_value.set( value ) #Move slider to new position
self.Play( ) #Play track from new postion
else:
print("Track Not Playing")
self.slider_value.set( value ) #Move slider to new position
def Stop( self ):
'''Stop the playing of the track.'''
print('ndef Stop():')
if self.player.music.get_busy():
self.player.music.stop()
print('Play Stopped')
def ask_quit():
'''Confirmation to quit application.'''
if tkMessageBox.askokcancel("Quit", "Exit MusicPlayer"):
app.Stop() #Stop playing track
app.player.quit() #Quit pygame.mixer
root.destroy() #Destroy the Tk Window instance.
# Note: After initialzing pygame.mixer, it will preoccupy an entire CPU core.
# Before destroying the Tk Window, ensure pygame.mixer is quitted too else
# pygame.mixer will still be running in the background despite destroying the
# Tk Window instance.
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk() #Initialize an instance of Tk window.
app = MusicPlayer( root, tracktype='ogg' ) #Initialize an instance of MusicPlayer object and passing Tk window instance into it as it's master.
root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", ask_quit) #Tell Tk window instance what to do before it is destroyed.
root.mainloop() #Start Tk window instance's mainloop.