我手头有一个文本文件,其中包含 690 个条目,类似于 P.S. 中显示的条目(附言中显示的是一个例子,从这里 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/AB753792.1)。在我的文本文件中,条目由"//"分隔。
在我的情况下,在"加入"(字符串和 3 个空格)之后没有大写字母数字字符串(如附言中的"AB753792")。我正在使用默认的 Bash 运行 MacOSX 优胜美地,并希望用唯一的大写字母数字字符串填充 690 个空白空间,例如由以下人员生成:
openssl rand -hex 4 | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]'
(5.1.15:我已经更改了上面的命令,在这篇文章的第一个版本中有所不同)
我可以看到 sed/awk 如何解决这个问题,但我无法弄清楚 sed 如何在每个"加入"之后插入一个唯一的 8 位大写字母数字字符串。
我很乐意得到帮助。
亲切问候
保罗
附言
LOCUS AB753792 712 bp DNA linear INV 26-JUN-2013
DEFINITION Acutuncus antarcticus mitochondrial gene for cytochrome c oxidase
subunit 1, partial cds.
ACCESSION AB753792
VERSION AB753792.1 GI:478246768
KEYWORDS .
SOURCE mitochondrion Acutuncus antarcticus
ORGANISM Acutuncus antarcticus
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Tardigrada; Eutardigrada; Parachela;
Hypsibiidae; Acutuncus.
REFERENCE 1
AUTHORS Kagoshima,H., Imura,S. and Suzuki,A.C.
TITLE Molecular and morphological analysis of an Antarctic tardigrade,
Acutuncus antarcticus
JOURNAL J. Limnol. 72 (s1), 15-23 (2013)
REFERENCE 2 (bases 1 to 712)
AUTHORS Kagoshima,H. and Suzuki,A.C.
TITLE Direct Submission
JOURNAL Submitted (07-OCT-2012) Contact:Hiroshi Kagoshima Transdisciplinary
Research Integration Center/Nationlal Institute of Genetics; 1111
Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
FEATURES Location/Qualifiers
source 1..712
/organism="Acutuncus antarcticus"
/organelle="mitochondrion"
/mol_type="genomic DNA"
/isolation_source="moss sample (Bryum pseudotriquetrum,
Bryum argenteum, and Ceratodon purpureus)"
/db_xref="taxon:467037"
/country="Antarctica: East antarctica, soya coast,
Skarvsnes and Langhovde"
CDS <1..712
/codon_start=2
/transl_table=5
/product="cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1"
/protein_id="BAN14781.1"
/db_xref="GI:478246769"
/translation="GQQNHKDIGTLYFIFGVWAATVGTSLSMIIRSELSQPGSLFSDE
QLYNVTVTSHAFVMIFFFVMPILIGGFGNWLVPLMISAPDMAFPRMNNLSFWLLPPSF
MLITMSSMAEQGAGTGWTVYPPLAHYFAHSGPAVDLTIFSLHVAGASSILGAVNFIST
IMNMRAPSISLEQMPLFVWSVLLTAILLLLALPVLAGAITMLLLDRNFNTSFFDPAGG
GDPILYQHLFWFFGHPEV"
ORIGIN
1 tggtcaacaa aatcataaag atattggtac actttatttt atttttggag tatgagctgc
61 tacagtagga acatctctta gtatgattat ccggtcagaa cttagacaac caggatcact
121 cttctcagat gaacaacttt acaacgttac agtaacaaga catgcatttg tcataatttt
181 cttttttgta atacccatcc ttattggagg atttggaaat tgactagtac ctttaatgat
241 ttcagcacca gatatagctt tcccccgaat aaataacctg agattctgac tactaccccc
301 atcttttata ttaattacta taagaagtat agcagaacaa ggagccggga cagggtgaac
361 agtttacccc cctttagctc actattttgc acactcagga ccagctgtcg atttaactat
421 tttttctctg catgtagcag gagcatcgtc gattttagga gccgtaaact tcatttctac
481 aattatgaat atgcgagctc catcaattag tttagaacaa atgccactat ttgtatgatc
541 agtactactt acagccattt tacttctact agctctgcca gtattagcag gagccatcac
601 aatgctttta ttagaccgaa attttaacac atcgtttttt gatcctgctg gtgggggaga
661 tccaattctc tatcaacatt tattttgatt ttttggtcac cctgaagttt aa
//
gawk
:
gawk '/ACCESSION[ t]*$/{l=$0;cmd="openssl rand -base64 32 | tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]'";cmd |& getline a;close(cmd);print l,a;next}{print}' /path/to/input > /path/to/output
作为多行脚本,它更易读:
#!/usr/bin/gawk -f
# If a line with an empty ACCESSION field appears
# The following block gets executed
/ACCESSION[ t]*$/ {
# Backup current line
line=$0
# Prepare the openssl command
cmd="openssl rand -base64 32 | tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]'"
# Execute the openssl command and store results into random
cmd |& getline random;
close(cmd);
# Print the line
printf "%s %sn", line, random;
# Step forward to next line of input. (Don't execute
# the following block)
next
}
# Print all other lines - unmodified
{print}
请注意,您需要 GNU awk ( gawk
),因为该脚本使用只有 GNU 版本的 awk
才可用的协进程。
您可以按如下方式尝试,然后是您的文件
#!/bin/bash
for i in {1..7}; do
var=$(openssl rand -hex 4 | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]');
sed -i.bak '/^ACCESSION $/{s#ACCESSION #&'"${var}"'#g;:tag;n;b tag}' "$1"
done
注意 如果我有一个包含 7 行ACCESSION
的文件,后跟正好三个空格和行尾,我使用 {1..7} 循环七次
例如
ACCESSION
VERSION
ACCESSION
VERSION
ACCESSION
VERSION
ACCESSION
VERSION
ACCESSION
VERSION
ACCESSION
VERSION
ACCESSION
输出
ACCESSION E4197EB1
VERSION
ACCESSION EFA0CEFF
VERSION
ACCESSION 9499CA54
VERSION
ACCESSION 2AD2690D
VERSION
ACCESSION 3598659F
VERSION
ACCESSION 25608153
VERSION
ACCESSION 1B43896B
编辑由于您使用的是mac OS X,因此可以尝试替代方案
#!/bin/bash
for i in {1..7}; do
var=$(openssl rand -hex 4 | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]');
sed -i.bak '
/^ACCESSION $/{
s#ACCESSION #&'"${var}"'#g
:tag
n
b tag
}' "$1"
done
您的帮助,我使用了@hek2mgl解决方案,因为我无法启动 sed 命令。
感谢您在示例代码中提供注释。我修改如下:
#!/usr/local/bin/gawk -f
# If a line with an empty ACCESSION field appears
# The following block gets executed
/ACCESSION/ {
# Backup current line
line=$0
# Prepare the openssl command
cmd="openssl rand -hex 4 | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]'"
# Execute the openssl command and store results into random
cmd |& getline random;
close(cmd);
# Print the line
printf "ACCESSION %sn",random;
# Step forward to next line of input. (Don't execute
# the following block)
next
}
# Print all other lines - unmodified
{print}