使用 Clip 对象播放多个声音剪辑

Question

我正在开发一个具有许多JButton对象的程序，我希望每个对象都对应于自己的.wav文件。另外，我希望声音的工作方式是它们可以与其他按钮的声音重叠，但它不能与自身重叠（在播放声音时单击按钮将重新启动声音）。

我尝试使用单个 Clip 对象，但无法完成上述操作。结果，我求助于为每个按钮声明一个新的 Clip 对象，但我有一种感觉，这是我的问题的一个相当低效的解决方案。

我怎样才能以最有效的方式完成我在第一段中所说的内容？

Answer 1

有

几种方法可以实现此目的，但基本思想是，您希望向Clip注册LineListener并监视LineEvent.Type.STOP事件并重新启用按钮

例如。 这将查找给定目录中的所有.wav文件，并为每个文件创建一个按钮。 单击时，按钮（或更重要的是，底层Action）将被禁用并播放音频。 当它STOP s 时，Action（以及扩展按钮）将重新启用。

无论如何，声音 API 可以同时播放多个声音

import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeEvent;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeListener;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileFilter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioInputStream;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioSystem;
import javax.sound.sampled.Clip;
import javax.sound.sampled.LineEvent;
import javax.sound.sampled.LineListener;
import javax.sound.sampled.LineUnavailableException;
import javax.sound.sampled.UnsupportedAudioFileException;
import javax.swing.AbstractAction;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingWorker;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Test();
    }
    public Test() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }
                JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.add(new TestPane());
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }
    public class TestPane extends JPanel {
        public TestPane() {
            File[] musicFiles = new File("a directory somewhere").listFiles(new FileFilter() {
                @Override
                public boolean accept(File pathname) {
                    return pathname.getName().toLowerCase().endsWith(".wav");
                }
            });
            setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
            GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
            gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
            gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
            for (File music : musicFiles) {
                try {
                    JButton btn = new JButton(new AudioAction(music.getName(), music.toURI().toURL()));
                    add(btn, gbc);
                } catch (MalformedURLException ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    public class AudioAction extends AbstractAction {
        private URL audio;
        public AudioAction(String name, URL audioSource) {
            super(name);
            this.audio = audioSource;
        }
        public URL getAudioSource() {
            return audio;
        }
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            setEnabled(false);
            try (InputStream is = getAudioSource().openStream()) {
                AudioInputStream audioInputStream = AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(is);
                Clip play = AudioSystem.getClip();
                play.addLineListener(new LineListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void update(LineEvent event) {
                        System.out.println(event.getFramePosition());
                        if (event.getType().equals(LineEvent.Type.STOP)) {
                            setEnabled(true);
                        }
                    }
                });
                play.open(audioInputStream);
                play.start();
            } catch (IOException | LineUnavailableException | UnsupportedAudioFileException exp) {
                exp.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

nb：我尝试使用Clip#drain（在后台线程中），但它仅适用于第一个剪辑，后续剪辑基本上跳过了该方法，因此我选择了LineListener

现在有了更好的资源管理

import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileFilter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioInputStream;
import javax.sound.sampled.AudioSystem;
import javax.sound.sampled.Clip;
import javax.sound.sampled.LineEvent;
import javax.sound.sampled.LineListener;
import javax.sound.sampled.LineUnavailableException;
import javax.sound.sampled.UnsupportedAudioFileException;
import javax.swing.AbstractAction;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Test();
    }
    public Test() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }
                JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.add(new TestPane());
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }
    public class TestPane extends JPanel {
        public TestPane() {
            File[] musicFiles = new File("...").listFiles(new FileFilter() {
                @Override
                public boolean accept(File pathname) {
                    return pathname.getName().toLowerCase().endsWith(".wav");
                }
            });
            setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
            GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
            gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
            gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
            for (File music : musicFiles) {
                try {
                    JButton btn = new JButton(new AudioAction(music.getName(), music.toURI().toURL()));
                    add(btn, gbc);
                } catch (MalformedURLException exp) {
                    exp.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    public class AudioAction extends AbstractAction {
        private AudioPlayer player;
        public AudioAction(String name, URL audioSource) {
            super(name);
            player = new AudioPlayer(audioSource);
        }
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            if (player.isPlaying()) {
                player.stop();
            } else {
                try {
                    player.play();
                } catch (IOException | LineUnavailableException | UnsupportedAudioFileException ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    public class AudioPlayer {
        private Clip clip;
        private URL url;
        public AudioPlayer(URL url) {
            this.url = url;
        }
        public boolean isPlaying() {
            return clip != null && clip.isRunning();
        }
        protected void open() throws IOException, LineUnavailableException, UnsupportedAudioFileException {
            clip = AudioSystem.getClip();
            clip.open(AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(url.openStream()));
        }
        public void play() throws IOException, LineUnavailableException, UnsupportedAudioFileException {
            if (clip == null || !clip.isRunning()) {
                open();
                clip.setFramePosition(0);
                clip.start();
            }
        }
        public void stop() {
            if (clip != null && clip.isRunning()) {
                clip.stop();
                clip.flush();
                dispose();
            }
        }
        public void dispose() {
            try {
                clip.close();
            } finally {
                clip = null;
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 2

每个按钮一个剪辑应该没问题。当用户单击按钮时，运行以下命令以重新启动剪辑：

sound.stop();
sound.setFramePosition(0);// set the location to the start of the file
sound.play();// restart your sound