CMake 在 Windows 上的自定义位置上找不到 Boost

Question

我已经按照 Windows 入门文档中的说明下载并构建了 Boost。 现在我想通过 CMake 将示例程序链接到该版本的 Boost。

这是我当前的文件夹结构：

cmake-boost
- boost_1_73_0/ (Boost folder)
- build/
- CMakeLists.txt
- cmake-boost.cpp

这是我CMakeLists.txt文件的内容：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5 FATAL_ERROR)
project(cmake-boost LANGUAGES CXX)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
set(BOOST_ROOT "boost_1_73_0")
set(BOOST_LIBRARYDIR "boost_1_73_0/stage/lib")
find_package(Boost REQUIRED COMPONENTS regex)
if(Boost_FOUND)
message(STATUS "Success!")
endif()
add_executable(cmake-boost cmake-boost.cpp)
target_link_libraries(cmake-boost
PUBLIC
Boost::regex
)

如果我从build文件夹内运行cmake ..，我得到的只是以下消息，说它找不到请求的库。

CMake Warning at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:896 (message):
New Boost version may have incorrect or missing dependencies and imported
targets
Call Stack (most recent call first):
C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1018 (_Boost_COMPONENT_DEPENDENCIES)
C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1694 (_Boost_MISSING_DEPENDENCIES)
CMakeLists.txt:12 (find_package)

CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:2124 (message):
Unable to find the requested Boost libraries.
Boost version: 1.73.0
Boost include path:
C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0

Could not find the following Boost libraries:
boost_regex
No Boost libraries were found.  You may need to set BOOST_LIBRARYDIR to the
directory containing Boost libraries or BOOST_ROOT to the location of
Boost.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
CMakeLists.txt:12 (find_package)

-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!

我的CMakeFile有什么问题？

更新：

这是cmake -DBoost_DEBUG=ON ..的输出

-- Building for: Visual Studio 16 2019
-- Selecting Windows SDK version 10.0.18362.0 to target Windows 10.0.17763.
-- The CXX compiler identification is MSVC 19.26.28806.0
-- Check for working CXX compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Professional/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.26.28801/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe
-- Check for working CXX compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2019/Professional/VC/Tools/MSVC/14.26.28801/bin/Hostx64/x64/cl.exe -- works
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1181 ] _boost_TEST_VERSIONS = 1.70.0;1.70;1.69.0;1.69
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1183 ] Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED = TRUE
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1185 ] Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS =
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1187 ] Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME =
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1189 ] Boost_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS =
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1191 ] Boost_NO_SYSTEM_PATHS =
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1259 ] Declared as CMake or Environmental Variables:
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1261 ]   BOOST_ROOT = boost_1_73_0
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1263 ]   BOOST_INCLUDEDIR =
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1265 ]   BOOST_LIBRARYDIR = boost_1_73_0/stage/lib
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1267 ] _boost_TEST_VERSIONS = 1.70.0;1.70;1.69.0;1.69
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1342 ] Include debugging info:
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1344 ]   _boost_INCLUDE_SEARCH_DIRS = boost_1_73_0/include;boost_1_73_0;PATHS;C:/local/boost_1_70_0;PATHS;C:/local/boost_1_70;PATHS;C:/local/boost_1_69_0;PATHS;C:/local/boost_1_69;PATHS;C:/boost/include;C:/boost;/sw/local/include
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1346 ]   _boost_PATH_SUFFIXES = boost-1_70_0;boost_1_70_0;boost/boost-1_70_0;boost/boost_1_70_0;boost-1_70;boost_1_70;boost/boost-1_70;boost/boost_1_70;boost-1_69_0;boost_1_69_0;boost/boost-1_69_0;boost/boost_1_69_0;boost-1_69;boost_1_69;boost/boost-1_69;boost/boost_1_69
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1366 ] location of version.hpp: C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/boost/version.hpp
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1391 ] version.hpp reveals boost 1.73.0
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1447 ] Boost_LIB_PREFIX =
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1449 ] Boost_NAMESPACE = boost
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1484 ] guessed _boost_COMPILER = -vc141;-vc140
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1494 ] _boost_MULTITHREADED = -mt
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1578 ] _boost_RELEASE_ABI_TAG = -
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1580 ] _boost_DEBUG_ABI_TAG = -gd
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1643 ] _boost_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DIRS_RELEASE = boost_1_73_0/stage/lib;boost_1_73_0/lib;boost_1_73_0/stage/lib;boost_1_73_0/lib64-msvc-14.1;boost_1_73_0/lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/lib;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/../lib;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/stage/lib;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/../lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/../lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/local/boost_1_70_0/lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/local/boost_1_70_0/lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/local/boost_1_70/lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/local/boost_1_70/lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/local/boost_1_69_0/lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/local/boost_1_69_0/lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/local/boost_1_69/lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/local/boost_1_69/lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/boost/lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/boost/lib64-msvc-14.0;PATHS;C:/boost/lib;C:/boost;/sw/local/lib_boost_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DIRS_DEBUG   = boost_1_73_0/stage/lib;boost_1_73_0/lib;boost_1_73_0/stage/lib;boost_1_73_0/lib64-msvc-14.1;boost_1_73_0/lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/lib;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/../lib;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/stage/lib;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/../lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/../lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0/lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/local/boost_1_70_0/lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/local/boost_1_70_0/lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/local/boost_1_70/lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/local/boost_1_70/lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/local/boost_1_69_0/lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/local/boost_1_69_0/lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/local/boost_1_69/lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/local/boost_1_69/lib64-msvc-14.0;C:/boost/lib64-msvc-14.1;C:/boost/lib64-msvc-14.0;PATHS;C:/boost/lib;C:/boost;/sw/local/lib
CMake Warning at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:896 (message):
New Boost version may have incorrect or missing dependencies and imported
targets
Call Stack (most recent call first):
C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1018 (_Boost_COMPONENT_DEPENDENCIES)
C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1694 (_Boost_MISSING_DEPENDENCIES)
CMakeLists.txt:12 (find_package)

-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1833 ] Searching for REGEX_LIBRARY_RELEASE: boost_regex-vc141-mt-x64-1_73;boost_regex-vc141-mt;boost_regex-vc140-mt-x64-1_73;boost_regex-vc140-mt;boost_regex-mt-x64-1_73;boost_regex-mt;boost_regex-mt;boost_regex
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1886 ] Searching for REGEX_LIBRARY_DEBUG: boost_regex-vc141-mt-gd-x64-1_73;boost_regex-vc141-mt-gd;boost_regex-vc140-mt-gd-x64-1_73;boost_regex-vc140-mt-gd;boost_regex-mt-gd-x64-1_73;boost_regex-mt-gd;boost_regex-mt;boost_regex
-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1960 ] Boost_FOUND = 1
CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:2124 (message):
Unable to find the requested Boost libraries.
Boost version: 1.73.0
Boost include path:
C:/Users/djc3ho/Documents/Programming/cpp/_Testing/cmake_boost/boost_1_73_0

Could not find the following Boost libraries:
boost_regex
No Boost libraries were found.  You may need to set BOOST_LIBRARYDIR to the
directory containing Boost libraries or BOOST_ROOT to the location of
Boost.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
CMakeLists.txt:12 (find_package)

我注意到两件事可能是错误的：

1. 这一行-- [ C:/Program Files/CMake/share/cmake-3.14/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1484 ] guessed _boost_COMPILER = -vc141;-vc140但是如果我查看在构建boost期间生成的.lib文件，它们的名称中有-vc142
2. 似乎cmake搜索正确的文件夹，但库文件的名称错误。它使用名称boost_regex-vc141-mt-x64-1_73但我的 boost 构建初学者中的lib个文件，lib像libboost_regex-vc142-mt-x64-1_73.lib

我通过在cmake命令中添加-DBoost_COMPILER=-v142解决了第一个问题。但我无法用-DBoost_LIB_PREFIX=lib设置Boost_LIB_PREFIX

Answer 1

我找到了解决方案。 正如我在对问题所做的最后一次编辑中提到的，编译器的第一个问题可以使用-DBoost_COMPILER=-vc142选项修复。 第二个可以通过使用-DBoost_USE_STATIC_LIBS=ON来解决。

因此，提升CMakeLists中的set块现在是：

set(BOOST_ROOT "boost_1_73_0")
set(Boost_COMPILER "-vc142")
set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)

设置这些变量后，CMake 可以毫无问题地运行。