使用支柱设置多语言 SEO 友好网站

Question

我有一个用struts 1.3制作的旧Web应用程序，我需要改变多语言在里面的工作方式。目前，我有一个以这种方式处理语言更改的操作：

this.setLocale(request, new Locale("es", "", ""));
this.setLocale(request, new Locale("en", "", ""));
this.setLocale(request, new Locale("fr", "", ""));
this.setLocale(request, new Locale("pt", "", ""));
// this is and instance of org.apache.struts.action.Action

一切正常，但现在我需要从 URL 更改语言，也就是说，http://www.example.com/en/index.do应该以英语显示页面，http://www.example.com/es/index.do会以西班牙语显示。

你知道我该如何实现吗？

我一直在考虑在org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet(通过扩展ActionServlet(之前设置一个servlet，它解析URL，在必要时更改语言，然后继续super.doGet(request, response);但网站的其余链接在URL中将没有语言。 http://www.example.com/index.do

-----编辑：我在另一个答案中找到了部分解决方案：

我创建了一个过滤器并将其添加到 Web .xml文件中

<filter>
    <filter-name>LangFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.company.struts.LanguageFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>LangFilter</filter-name>
    <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
</filter-mapping>

和javax.servlet.Filter类

public class LanguageFilter implements Filter {
[...]
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
    HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
    String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
    if (requestURI.indexOf("/context/en/") != -1) {
        String newURI = requestURI.replace("/context/en/", "/");
        req.getRequestDispatcher(newURI).forward(req, res);
    }
    else {
        chain.doFilter(req, res);
    }
}
}

但是现在我必须更改所有 html：form 和 html：link 标签

<html:link action="/test2">Old link</html:link>

自

<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/${sessionScope["org.apache.struts.action.LOCALE"]}/test2.do">New link</a>

有没有办法拦截生成的响应，以便我可以修改这些 *.do URI 并将它们添加语言参数？

谢谢。

Answer 1

我终于想出了一个解决方案，可以在发送响应之前修改链接。这些是我的课程，以防它帮助其他人。

这是我的过滤器：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.struts.Globals;
public class LanguageFilter implements Filter
{
    // ************************************************************************
    private Logger log = LogManager.getLogger(this.getClass());
    private FilterConfig filterConfig = null;
    // ************************************************************************
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException
    {
        this.filterConfig = filterConfig;
    }
    // ************************************************************************
    public void destroy()
    {
    }
    // ************************************************************************
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException
    {
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        GenericResponseWrapper wrapper = new GenericResponseWrapper((HttpServletResponse) response);
        HttpServletRequest hrequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        String servletPath = hrequest.getServletPath();
        String servletPathLowCase = servletPath.toLowerCase();
        String lang = "";
        String newURI = "/";
        if (servletPathLowCase.startsWith("/es/"))
        {
            lang = "es";
            newURI += servletPath.substring(4, servletPath.length());
        }
        else if (servletPathLowCase.startsWith("/en/"))
        {
            lang = "en";
            newURI += servletPath.substring(4, servletPath.length());
        }
        else if (servletPathLowCase.startsWith("/fr/"))
        {
            lang = "fr";
            newURI += servletPath.substring(4, servletPath.length());
        }
        else if (servletPathLowCase.startsWith("/pt/"))
        {
            lang = "pt";
            newURI += servletPath.substring(4, servletPath.length());
        }
        log.debug("language: '" + lang + "'; newURI: '" + newURI + "'");
        if (!"".equals(lang))
        {
            hrequest.getSession().setAttribute(Globals.LOCALE_KEY, new Locale(lang));
            request.getRequestDispatcher(newURI).forward(request, wrapper);
        }
        else
        {
            chain.doFilter(request, wrapper);
        }
        if (wrapper.getContentType().equals("text/html"))
        {
            String langStruts = hrequest.getSession().getAttribute(Globals.LOCALE_KEY).toString();
            // if ("".equals(langStruts))
            // langStruts = "es";
            String htmlResponseStruts = wrapper.toString();
            if ("".equals(lang))
            {
                // This URI is the requested URI for the section on the website where I have links to change language
                String uriForLanguages = servletPath + ("".equals(hrequest.getQueryString()) ? "" : "?" + hrequest.getQueryString());
                htmlResponseStruts = modifyStrutsLinks(htmlResponseStruts, langStruts, uriForLanguages);
            }
            // log.debug("htmlResponseStruts: " + htmlResponseStruts.toString());
            out.write(htmlResponseStruts);
        }
        else
            out.write(wrapper.toString());
        out.close();
    }
    // ************************************************************************
    private String modifyStrutsLinks(String htmlResponseStruts, String langStruts, String uriForLanguages)
    {
        String result = htmlResponseStruts;
        // REGEX: "([a-zA-Z0-9-_/])*.do([a-zA-Z0-9-_?&=])*"
        // Regex explained from http://www.myregextester.com/index.php
        /**<code>
        ----------------------------------------------------------------------
          "                        '"'
        ----------------------------------------------------------------------
          (                        group and capture to 1 (0 or more times
                                   (matching the most amount possible)):
        ----------------------------------------------------------------------
            [a-zA-Z0-9-_/]           any character of: 'a' to 'z', 'A' to
                                     'Z', '0' to '9', '-', '_', '/'
        ----------------------------------------------------------------------
          )*                       end of 1 (NOTE: because you are using a
                                   quantifier on this capture, only the LAST
                                   repetition of the captured pattern will be
                                   stored in 1)
        ----------------------------------------------------------------------
          .                       '.'
        ----------------------------------------------------------------------
          do                       'do'
        ----------------------------------------------------------------------
          (                        group and capture to 2 (0 or more times
                                   (matching the most amount possible)):
        ----------------------------------------------------------------------
            [a-zA-Z0-9-_?&=]         any character of: 'a' to 'z', 'A' to
                                     'Z', '0' to '9', '-', '_', '?', '&', '='
        ----------------------------------------------------------------------
          )*                       end of 2 (NOTE: because you are using a
                                   quantifier on this capture, only the LAST
                                   repetition of the captured pattern will be
                                   stored in 2)
        ----------------------------------------------------------------------
          "                        '"'
        ----------------------------------------------------------------------
        </code>*/
        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(""([a-zA-Z0-9-_/])*\.do([a-zA-Z0-9-_?&=])*"");
        Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(htmlResponseStruts);
        List<String> listMatches = new ArrayList<String>();
        while (matcher.find())
        {
            listMatches.add(matcher.group(0));
        }
        for (String sUrl : listMatches)
        {
            int lastSlash = sUrl.lastIndexOf("/");
            if (lastSlash == -1)
                lastSlash = 0;
            String replacement = sUrl.substring(0, lastSlash + 1) + langStruts + "/" + sUrl.substring(lastSlash + 1);
            // log.debug("modifyStrutsLinks: " + sUrl + " ->: " + replacement);
            result = result.replace(sUrl, replacement);
        }
        // Replaces links written this way on the JSP <a href="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/fr/ServletPathForReplacement"
        result = result.replace("/ServletPathForReplacement", uriForLanguages);
        return result;
    }
    // ************************************************************************
}

这些是其他类 GenericResponseWrapper.java

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponseWrapper;
public class GenericResponseWrapper extends HttpServletResponseWrapper
{
    private ByteArrayOutputStream output;
    private int contentLength;
    private String contentType;
    private ServletOutputStream outputStream;
    PrintWriter printWriter;
    public GenericResponseWrapper(HttpServletResponse response)
    {
        super(response);
        output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        outputStream = new FilterServletOutputStream(output);
        printWriter = new PrintWriter(outputStream, true); // true means auto-flush
    }
    public byte[] getData()
    {
        return output.toByteArray();
    }
    public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException
    {
        return outputStream;
    }
    public PrintWriter getWriter()
    {
        return printWriter;
    }
    public void setContentLength(int length)
    {
        this.contentLength = length;
        super.setContentLength(length);
    }
    public int getContentLength()
    {
        return contentLength;
    }
    public void setContentType(String type)
    {
        this.contentType = type;
        super.setContentType(type);
    }
    public String getContentType()
    {
        return contentType;
    }
    public String toString()
    {
        String salida = "";
        try
        {
            // To modify the encoding
            salida =  output.toString("ISO-8859-1");
        }
        catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e)
        {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return salida;
    }
}

和 FilterServletOutputStream.java

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
public class FilterServletOutputStream extends ServletOutputStream
{
    public ByteArrayOutputStream output = null;
    public DataOutputStream stream;
    public FilterServletOutputStream()
    {
        output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        stream = new DataOutputStream(output);
    }
    public FilterServletOutputStream(ByteArrayOutputStream output)
    {
        this.output = output;
        stream = new DataOutputStream(output);
    }
    public void write(int b) throws IOException
    {
        stream.write(b);
    }
    public void write(byte b[]) throws IOException
    {
        stream.write(b);
    }
    public void write(byte buf[], int offset, int len) throws IOException
    {
        stream.write(buf, offset, len);
    }
    public void flush() throws IOException
    {
        stream.flush();
    }
    public void close() throws IOException
    {
        stream.close();
    }
    public ByteArrayOutputStream getBuffer()
    {
        return output;
    }
}