使用 JavaScript 和 websocket 显示来自 blob 的图像



我目前正在开发一个 WebSocket 应用程序,该应用程序正在显示C++服务器发送的图像。我已经在那里看到了几个主题,但我似乎无法摆脱Firefox中的此错误:

图像

损坏或截断:数据:图像/png;base64,[某些数据]

这是我用来显示我的 blob 的 Javascript 代码:

socket.onmessage = function(msg) {
    var blob = msg.data;
    var reader = new FileReader();
    reader.onloadend = function() {
        var string = reader.result;
        var buffer = Base64.encode(string);
        var data = "data:image/png;base64,"+buffer;
        var image = document.getElementById('image');
        image.src = data;
    };
    reader.readAsBinaryString(blob);
}

正在使用我在这个主题上找到的红点图像:https://stackoverflow.com/a/4478878/1464608Base64类来自这里:https://stackoverflow.com/a/246813/1464608

但是我得到的base64结果不匹配,Firefox向我检索了图像损坏的错误。

我知道这不是太多信息,但我不知道在哪里看:/任何帮助都非常受欢迎!!

我认为最干净的解决方案是将 base64 编码器更改为直接在 Uint8Array 而不是字符串上运行。

重要提示:为此,您需要将 Web 套接字的二进制类型设置为"arraybuffer"。

onmessage 方法应如下所示:

socket.onmessage = function(msg) {
    var arrayBuffer = msg.data;
    var bytes = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer);
    var image = document.getElementById('image');
    image.src = 'data:image/png;base64,'+encode(bytes);
};

转换后的编码器应如下所示(基于 https://stackoverflow.com/a/246813/1464608):

// public method for encoding an Uint8Array to base64
function encode (input) {
    var keyStr = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=";
    var output = "";
    var chr1, chr2, chr3, enc1, enc2, enc3, enc4;
    var i = 0;
    while (i < input.length) {
        chr1 = input[i++];
        chr2 = i < input.length ? input[i++] : Number.NaN; // Not sure if the index 
        chr3 = i < input.length ? input[i++] : Number.NaN; // checks are needed here
        enc1 = chr1 >> 2;
        enc2 = ((chr1 & 3) << 4) | (chr2 >> 4);
        enc3 = ((chr2 & 15) << 2) | (chr3 >> 6);
        enc4 = chr3 & 63;
        if (isNaN(chr2)) {
            enc3 = enc4 = 64;
        } else if (isNaN(chr3)) {
            enc4 = 64;
        }
        output += keyStr.charAt(enc1) + keyStr.charAt(enc2) +
                  keyStr.charAt(enc3) + keyStr.charAt(enc4);
    }
    return output;
}

你可以写得更简单:

socket.onmessage = function(msg) {
   var arrayBuffer = msg.data;
   var bytes = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer);
   var blob = new Blob([bytes.buffer]);
   var image = document.getElementById('image');
   var reader = new FileReader();
   reader.onload = function(e) {
       image.src = e.target.result;
   };
   reader.readAsDataURL(blob);
};

谢谢,它工作得很好!!

所以我想我会分享我最终的javascript代码:

var socket = new WebSocket('ws://'+host+':'+port, protocol);
socket.binaryType = 'arraybuffer';
try {
    socket.onopen = function() {
        document.getElementById('status').style.backgroundColor = '#40ff40';
        document.getElementById('status').textContent = 'Connection opened';
    }
    socket.onmessage = function(msg) {
        var arrayBuffer = msg.data;
        var bytes = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer);
        var image = document.getElementById('image');
        image.src = 'data:image/png;base64,'+encode(bytes);
    }
    socket.onclose = function(){
        document.getElementById('status').style.backgroundColor = '#ff4040';
        document.getElementById('status').textContent = 'Connection closed';
    }
} catch(exception) {
    alert('Error:'+exception);
}

真的不明白为什么 blob 版本如此棘手,但这确实做到了!

另一种选择

let urlObject;
socket.onmessage = function(msg) {
    const arrayBuffer = msg.data;
    const image = document.getElementById('image');
    if (urlObject) {
        URL.revokeObjectURL(urlObject) // only required if you do that multiple times
    }
    urlObject = URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([arrayBuffer]));
    image.src = urlObject;
};

多亏了其他答案,我设法通过 websocket 接收了 jpeg 图像并将其显示在新窗口中:

socket.binaryType = "arraybuffer";                 
socket.onmessage = function (msg) {
    var bytes = new Uint8Array(msg.data);
    var blob = new Blob([bytes.buffer]);
    window.open(URL.createObjectURL(blob),'Name','resizable=1');
};

使用 Blob 非常简单:

// Small red dot image
const content = new Uint8Array([137, 80, 78, 71, 13, 10, 26, 10, 0, 0, 0, 13, 73, 72, 68, 82, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 5, 8, 6, 0, 0, 0, 141, 111, 38, 229, 0, 0, 0, 28, 73, 68, 65, 84, 8, 215, 99, 248, 255, 255, 63, 195, 127, 6, 32, 5, 195, 32, 18, 132, 208, 49, 241, 130, 88, 205, 4, 0, 14, 245, 53, 203, 209, 142, 14, 31, 0, 0, 0, 0, 73, 69, 78, 68, 174, 66, 96, 130]);
document.getElementById('my-img').src = URL.createObjectURL(
  new Blob([content.buffer], { type: 'image/png' } /* (1) */)
);
Should display a small red dot: <img id="my-img">

(1) 它也可以在不指定 MIME 类型的情况下工作。

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