问题
在使用en-GB
文化的Windows会话中运行时,是否有可能强迫Powershell以法语格式导出到CSV?
更多信息
我希望使用法国文化规则将一些数据导出到CSV(即CSV的定界符设置为半隆,但也使用使用逗号的数字用于十进制位置,以及其他文化格式的差异;因此,仅使用-Delimiter
参数不是足够)。
我提出了以下代码(基于https://stackoverflow.com/a/7052955/361842)
function Set-Culture
{
[CmdletBinding(DefaultParameterSetName='ByCode')]
param (
[Parameter(Mandatory,ParameterSetName='ByCode',Position=1)]
[string] $CultureCode
,
[Parameter(Mandatory,ParameterSetName='ByCulture',Position=1)]
[System.Globalization.CultureInfo] $Culture
)
begin {
[System.Globalization.CultureInfo] $Culture = [System.Globalization.CultureInfo]::GetCultureInfo($CultureCode)
}
process {
[System.Threading.Thread]::CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = $Culture
[System.Threading.Thread]::CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = $Culture
}
}
function Invoke-CommandInCulture {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[Parameter(Mandatory,ParameterSetName='ByCode',Position=1)]
[string]$CultureCode
,
[Parameter(Mandatory,Position=2)]
[ScriptBlock]$Code
)
process {
$OriginalCulture = Get-Culture
try
{
Set-Culture $CultureCode
Write-Verbose (Get-Culture) #this always returns en-GB
Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock $Code
}
finally
{
Set-Culture $OriginalCulture
}
}
}
以下代码意味着此方法有效:
Invoke-CommandInCulture -CultureCode 'fr' -Code {
[System.Threading.Thread]::CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture
[System.Threading.Thread]::CurrentThread.CurrentCulture
} #shows that the command's thread's culture is French
Invoke-CommandInCulture -CultureCode 'fr' -Code {
get-date
} #returns the current date in French
但是,PowerShell对正在发生的事情有自己的想法
Invoke-CommandInCulture -CultureCode 'fr' -Code {
get-culture
"PSCulture: $PSCulture"
"PSUICulture: $PSUICulture"
} #returns my default (en-GB) culture; not the thread's culture
这会影响转换为CSV的逻辑:
Invoke-CommandInCulture -CultureCode 'fr' -Code {
get-process | ConvertTo-CSV -UseCulture
} #again, uses my default culture's formatting rules; not the FR ones
orararound#1:自定义函数将值转换为给定文化中的字符串
这是解决方案;使用给定文化将每个字段转换为字符串,然后将字符串值转换为CSV:
function ConvertTo-SpecifiedCulture {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[Parameter(Mandatory,ValueFromPipeline)]
[PSObject]$InputObject
,
[Parameter(Mandatory)]
[string]$CultureCode
,
[Parameter(ParameterSetName='DefaultParameter', Position=0)]
[System.Object[]]$Property
)
begin {
[System.Globalization.CultureInfo] $Culture = [System.Globalization.CultureInfo]::GetCultureInfo($CultureCode)
}
process {
if($Property -eq $null) {$Property = $InputObject.PSStandardMembers.DefaultDisplayPropertySet.ReferencedPropertyNames}
$Result = new-object -TypeName PSObject -Property @{}
$Property | %{
$Result | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name $_ -Value ($InputObject."$_").ToString($Culture)
}
$Result
}
}
Get-Process | select -first 2 | ConvertTo-SpecifiedCulture -CultureCode 'fr' | ConvertTo-CSV -Delimiter ';'
解决方案#2:覆盖当前文化以匹配目标文化
另一种选择是改变当前文化的设置,以便它共享所需文化的文化。这感觉更加刺耳。尽管取决于方案可能会比上述更清洁/更实用。
例如。要使用FR的数字格式,我们只是更新当前文化的数字格式以匹配FR的:
$(Get-Culture).NumberFormat = ([System.Globalization.CultureInfo]'FR').NumberFormat
...我们也可以为剩余(可设置的)属性做同样的事情:
function Set-CurrentCulture {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
[string]$CultureCode
)
begin {
$Global:FakedCurrentCulture = $CultureCode #in case we need a reference to the current culture's name
[System.Globalization.CultureInfo]$NewCulture = [System.Globalization.CultureInfo]::GetCultureInfo($CultureCode)
[System.Globalization.CultureInfo]$ReferenceToCurrentCulture = Get-Culture
Write-Verbose "Switching Defintion to $($NewCulture.Name)"
}
process {
#NB: At time of writing, the only settable properties are NumberFormatInfo & DateTimeFormatInfo
$ReferenceToCurrentCulture.psobject.properties | ?{$_.isSettable} | %{
$propertyName = $_.Name
write-verbose "Setting property $propertyName"
write-verbose "- from: $($ReferenceToCurrentCulture."$propertyName")"
write-verbose "- to: $($NewCulture."$propertyName")"
$ReferenceToCurrentCulture."$propertyName" = $NewCulture."$propertyName"
}
#ListSeparator
$ReferenceToCurrentCulture.TextInfo.psobject.properties | ?{$_.isSettable} | %{
$propertyName = $_.Name
write-verbose "Setting property TextInfo.$propertyName"
write-verbose "- from: $($ReferenceToCurrentCulture.TextInfo."$propertyName")"
write-verbose "- to: $($NewCulture.TextInfo."$propertyName")"
$ReferenceToCurrentCulture.TextInfo."$propertyName" = $NewCulture."$propertyName"
}
#for some reason this errors
#Localized, TwoDigitYearMax
<#
$ReferenceToCurrentCulture.Calendar.psobject.properties | ?{$_.isSettable} | %{
$propertyName = $_.Name
write-verbose "Setting property Calendar.$propertyName"
write-verbose "- from: $($ReferenceToCurrentCulture.Calendar."$propertyName")"
write-verbose "- to: $($NewCulture.Calendar."$propertyName")"
$ReferenceToCurrentCulture.Calendar."$propertyName" = $NewCulture."$propertyName"
}
#>
}
}
function Reset-CurrentCulture {
[CmdletBinding()]
param ()
process {
Set-CurrentCulture -CultureCode ((get-culture).Name)
}
}
function Test-It {
[CmdletBinding()]
param ()
begin {
write-verbose "Current Culture: $Global:FakedCurrentCulture"
}
process {
1..5 | %{
New-Object -TypeName PSObject -Property @{
Integer = $_
String = "Hello $_"
Numeric = 2.139 * $_
Money = (2.139 * $_).ToString('c')
Date = (Get-Date).AddDays($_)
}
} | ConvertTo-Csv -NoTypeInformation
}
}
Set-CurrentCulture 'fr' -Verbose
Test-It
Set-CurrentCulture 'en-GB' -Verbose
Test-It
Set-CurrentCulture 'en-US' -Verbose
Test-It
Set-CurrentCulture 'ar-DZ' -Verbose
Test-It
Reset-CurrentCulture -Verbose
Test-It
我们可能会走得更远,看看覆盖只读属性(这是可能的:https://learn-powershell.net/2016/06/06/27/quick-hits-hits-writing-writing-to-a-a-read-read-only-property/)...但是这已经非常讨厌;因此,我不会去那里,因为上述时间足以满足我的需求。