lateinit 属性模拟对象尚未初始化

Question

我正在尝试使用注释初始化(通过模拟(两个对象@MockBean

它似乎只有在我调用方法 mock(className( 时才有效，但由于我想在多个方法上使用模拟类，我不想在我的测试方法中不断重复相同的代码。

这是我的测试类：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner::class)
class WordServiceTest {
@MockBean
lateinit var wordRepositoryMock: WordRepository
@MockBean
private lateinit var wordMapperMock: WordMapper
@Test
fun findAllTest() {
// Error: lateinit property wordRepositoryMock has not been initialized
val wordService = WordService(wordRepositoryMock, wordMapperMock)
`when`(wordRepositoryMock.findAll()).thenReturn(listOf(
WordEntity(UUID.randomUUID(), "xxx"),
WordEntity(UUID.randomUUID(), "xxx")))
assertEquals(2, wordService.findAll().size)
}
@Test
fun wordExistsTest() {
// This works fine
val wordRepositoryMock = mock(WordRepository::class.java)
val wordMapperMock = mock(WordMapper::class.java)
val wordService = WordService(wordRepositoryMock, wordMapperMock)
val word = "xxx"
`when`(wordRepositoryMock.existsWordEntityByName(word)).thenReturn(true)
assertEquals(true, wordService.wordExists(word))
}
}

我不想使用 Spring Boot @Autowired注释，因为我的 spring 应用程序需要我不想加载的上下文。

我得到的错误：

lateinit property wordRepositoryMock has not been initialized
kotlin.UninitializedPropertyAccessException: lateinit property wordRepositoryMock has not been initialized

依赖：

dependencies {
...
testImplementation("org.springframework.security:spring-security-test")
testImplementation ('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test') 
testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.6.2")
testImplementation "org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-params:5.5.2"
testImplementation "org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.6.2"
testRuntimeOnly "org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:5.6.2"
testImplementation("io.rest-assured:spring-mock-mvc:4.0.0")
testImplementation("io.mockk:mockk:1.9.3")
testImplementation "org.testcontainers:postgresql:1.11.3"
testImplementation "org.springframework.kafka:spring-kafka-test:2.2.7.RELEASE"
runtimeOnly('org.postgresql:postgresql')
developmentOnly 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-devtools'
testImplementation "org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:3.3.3"
}

Answer 1

我通过在setUp((中调用initMocks方法来解决这个问题

@BeforeEach
fun setUp() {
MockitoAnnotations.openMocks(this)
....
}

Answer 2

MockitoJUnitRunner使用@Mock注释。

@MockBean来自春天，所以你需要使用@SpringRunner。

但是，看起来您的示例不需要 Spring，因此您可以切换到@Mock：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner::class)
class WordServiceTest {
@Mock
private lateinit var wordRepositoryMock: WordRepository
@Mock
private lateinit var wordMapperMock: WordMapper
}

如果您升级到 Junit5，您可以进行进一步的改进(我只在 Junit5 中对其进行了测试(。构造函数参数是lateinit的良好替代方案：

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension::class)
class WordServiceTest(
@Mock val wordRepositoryMock: WordRepository,
@Mock val wordMapperMock: WordMapper
) {
}

Answer 3

对于因为initMocks(this)被弃用而来的那些，我注意到有一个更新的函数可以做同样的事情：

@BeforeEach
fun setUp() {
MockitoAnnotations.openMocks(this)
....
}