使用顶点数组绘制 3D 多边形

我有一个绘制3D GL.GL_QUADS的简短程序，这里是它display()方法-

public void display(GLAutoDrawable drawable) {
        ....
        gl.glBegin(GL.GL_QUADS); // of the color cube
        // Top-face
        gl.glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); // green
        gl.glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
        // Bottom-face
        gl.glColor3f(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f); // orange
        gl.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
        // Front-face
        gl.glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); // red
        gl.glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
        // Back-face
        gl.glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); // yellow
        gl.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
        // Left-face
        gl.glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // blue
        gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
        // Right-face
        gl.glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); // violet
        gl.glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
        gl.glVertex3f(1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f);
            ....
}

现在我想将上面的绘图更改为"顶点数组"模式并获得相同的结果，所以我做了以下操作：

创建了一个包含GL.GL_QUADS的所有顶点的float数组。
将此数组put为Buffer。
告诉OpenGL顶点在哪里(8个顶点(。
告诉 OpenGL 要绘制哪些索引。

这是我编写(编辑(的主要代码 -

public class DisplayWithArray extends GLCanvas implements GLEventListener,
        KeyListener {
    private float[] cubeVertices = { 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,
            1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
            1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f,
            -1.0f, -1.0f,
            1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
            -1.0f, 1.0f,
            1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f,
            1.0f, -1.0f,
            -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,
            -1.0f, 1.0f,
            1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,
            -1.0f, -1.0f };
    private float[] colorVertices ={ 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
        1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f,
        1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
        1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
        0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
        1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
    // 1st edit  - 24 positions of the GL.GL_QUADS
    private int[] indices = new int[24] ;
    private IntBuffer indicesBuf ;  
}
public DisplayWithArray(GLCapabilities capabilities, int width, int height) {
        for (int i=0 ; i<24 ; i++) {
            this.indices[i] = i ; 
    }
public void init(GLAutoDrawable drawable) {
            ...
        final GL gl = drawable.getGL();
            ...
        setupPointer(gl);
}
public void display(GLAutoDrawable drawable) {
        final GL gl = drawable.getGL();
        // draw
        gl.glDrawArrays(GL.GL_QUADS, 0, 24);
}
public void setupPointer(GL gl) {
        FloatBuffer tmpVerticesBuf = BufferUtil
                .newFloatBuffer(cubeVertices.length);
        ;
        FloatBuffer tmpColorVerticesBuf = BufferUtil
                .newFloatBuffer(colorVertices.length);
        for (int i = 0; i < cubeVertices.length; i++) {
            tmpVerticesBuf.put(cubeVertices[i]);
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < colorVertices.length; i++) {
        tmpColorVerticesBuf.put(colorVertices[i]);
    }
        tmpVerticesBuf.rewind();
        tmpColorVerticesBuf.rewind();
        gl.glEnableClientState(GL.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);
        gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL.GL_FLOAT, 0, tmpVerticesBuf);
        gl.glColorPointer(3, GL.GL_FLOAT, 0, tmpColorVerticesBuf);
        // Indices of polygon
        IntBuffer tmpIndicesBuf = BufferUtil.newIntBuffer(this.indices.length);
        for (int i = 0; i < indices.length; i++) {
            tmpIndicesBuf.put(indices[i]);
        }
        tmpIndicesBuf.rewind();
        indicesBuf = tmpIndicesBuf ; 
}

当我运行它时，我得到一个异常Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-0" javax.media.opengl.GLException: glGetError() returned the following error codes after a call to glDrawElements(): GL_INVALID_ENUM at DisplayWithArray.display(DisplayWithArray.java:152)

指向该行 - gl.glDrawElements(GL.GL_QUADS, indices.length, GL.GL_INT, indicesBuf);

这是怎么回事？

编辑：

我将indices数组更改为范围 [0,5] - 根据GL.GL_QUADS的 6 面。并将tmpColorVerticesBuf数组扩展到 72 个索引(每种颜色 4 倍(。

我仍然有上面提到的相同例外.

编辑2：(现在效果很好(通过比较cubeVertices和colorVertices大小(每个数组 72 个(来解决，并在display()使用gl.glDrawArrays(GL.GL_QUADS, 0, 24)(大小为 3 的 24 个元素(

问题是你的数组大小不一样。您的顶点位置数组中有 24 个 vec3，而您的颜色数组只有 6 个。因此，当您的索引数组显示"6"时，它将尝试访问包含 6 个元素的数组中的第 7 个条目。因此崩溃。

每个数组都使用相同的索引。因此，如果要有颜色和位置，那么每种颜色必须有一个对应的位置。反之亦然。你不能让 6 种颜色与 32 个位置一起工作。每个属性也不能使用不同的索引。如果要执行索引渲染，则它们都必须使用相同的索引。

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