我想在laravel项目中使用behat学习BDD，但我遇到了composer的依赖性问题（这可能是一个非常基本的问题，但我在composer方面的经验很少，所以我不知道该怎么办）。
我创建了一个新项目
composer create-project laravel/laravel learning-behat
然后我想得到behat，水貂和水貂分机：
composer require behat/behat behat/mink behat/mink-extension --dev
但它失败了，我得到了这个输出：
Using version ^3.0 for behat/behat
Using version ^1.7 for behat/mink
Using version ^2.1 for behat/mink-extension
./composer.json has been updated
> php artisan clear-compiled
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
Your requirements could not be resolved to an installable set of packages.
Problem 1
- Installation request for behat/mink ^1.7 -> satisfiable by behat/mink[v1.7.0].
- Conclusion: remove symfony/css-selector v3.0.1
- Conclusion: don't install symfony/css-selector v3.0.1
- behat/mink v1.7.0 requires symfony/css-selector ~2.1 -> satisfiable by symfony/css-selector[v2.8.0, v2.8.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/css-selector[v2.8.0, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/css-selector[v2.8.1, v3.0.1].
- Installation request for symfony/css-selector == 3.0.1.0 -> satisfiable by symfony/css-selector[v3.0.1].
Installation failed, reverting ./composer.json to its original content.
当我只尝试安装behat（composer require behat/behat --dev）时，我也会收到错误：
Using version ^3.0 for behat/behat
./composer.json has been updated
> php artisan clear-compiled
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
Your requirements could not be resolved to an installable set of packages.
Problem 1
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.15
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.14
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.13
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.12
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.11
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.10
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.9
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.8
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.7
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.6
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.5
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.4
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.3
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.2
- Conclusion: don't install behat/behat v3.0.1
- Conclusion: remove symfony/translation v3.0.1
- Installation request for behat/behat ^3.0 -> satisfiable by behat/behat[v3.0.0, v3.0.1, v3.0.10, v3.0.11, v3.0.12, v3.0.13, v3.0.14, v3.0.15, v3.0.2, v3.0.3, v3.0.4, v3.0.5, v3.0.6, v3.0.7, v3.0.8, v3.0.9].
- Conclusion: don't install symfony/translation v3.0.1
- behat/behat v3.0.0 requires symfony/translation ~2.1 -> satisfiable by symfony/translation[v2.1.0, v2.1.1, v2.1.10, v2.1.11, v2.1.12, v2.1.13, v2.1.2, v2.1.3, v2.1.4, v2.1.5, v2.1.6, v2.1.7, v2.1.8, v2.1.9, v2.2.0, v2.2.1, v2.2.10, v2.2.11, v2.2.2, v2.2.3, v2.2.4, v2.2.5, v2.2.6, v2.2.7, v2.2.8, v2.2.9, v2.3.0, v2.3.1, v2.3.10, v2.3.11, v2.3.12, v2.3.13, v2.3.14, v2.3.15, v2.3.16, v2.3.17, v2.3.18, v2.3.19, v2.3.2, v2.3.20, v2.3.21, v2.3.22, v2.3.23, v2.3.24, v2.3.25, v2.3.26, v2.3.27, v2.3.28, v2.3.29, v2.3.3, v2.3.30, v2.3.31, v2.3.32, v2.3.33, v2.3.34, v2.3.35, v2.3.36, v2.3.4, v2.3.5, v2.3.6, v2.3.7, v2.3.8, v2.3.9, v2.4.0, v2.4.1, v2.4.10, v2.4.2, v2.4.3, v2.4.4, v2.4.5, v2.4.6, v2.4.7, v2.4.8, v2.4.9, v2.5.0, v2.5.1, v2.5.10, v2.5.11, v2.5.12, v2.5.2, v2.5.3, v2.5.4, v2.5.5, v2.5.6, v2.5.7, v2.5.8, v2.5.9, v2.6.0, v2.6.1, v2.6.10, v2.6.11, v2.6.12, v2.6.2, v2.6.3, v2.6.4, v2.6.5, v2.6.6, v2.6.7, v2.6.8, v2.6.9, v2.7.0, v2.7.1, v2.7.2, v2.7.3, v2.7.4, v2.7.5, v2.7.6, v2.7.7, v2.7.8, v2.8.0, v2.8.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.6.0, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.6.1, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.6.10, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.6.11, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.6.12, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.6.2, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.6.3, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.6.4, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.6.5, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.6.6, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.6.7, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.6.8, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.6.9, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.7.0, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.7.1, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.7.2, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.7.3, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.7.4, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.7.5, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.7.6, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.7.7, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.7.8, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.8.0, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.8.1, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.0, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.1, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.10, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.11, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.12, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.13, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.2, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.3, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.4, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.5, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.6, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.7, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.8, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.1.9, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.2.0, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.2.1, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.2.10, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.2.11, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.2.2, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.2.3, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.2.4, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.2.5, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.2.6, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.2.7, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.2.8, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.2.9, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.0, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.1, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.10, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.11, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.12, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.13, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.14, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.15, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.16, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.17, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.18, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.19, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.2, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.20, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.21, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.22, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.23, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.24, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.25, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.26, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.27, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.28, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.29, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.3, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.30, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.31, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.32, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.33, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.34, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.35, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.36, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.4, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.5, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.6, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.7, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.8, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.3.9, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.4.0, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.4.1, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.4.10, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.4.2, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.4.3, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.4.4, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.4.5, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.4.6, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.4.7, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.4.8, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.4.9, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.5.0, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.5.1, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.5.10, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.5.11, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.5.12, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.5.2, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.5.3, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.5.4, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.5.5, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.5.6, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.5.7, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.5.8, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/translation[v2.5.9, v3.0.1].
- Installation request for symfony/translation == 3.0.1.0 -> satisfiable by symfony/translation[v3.0.1].
Installation failed, reverting ./composer.json to its original content.
由于这个关于Stackoverflow的答案，我找到了一个有效的解决方案。
安装behat、mink和mink-extension的dev-master版本对我来说很有效
composer require behat/behat behat/mink behat/mink-extension --dev
你需要做：
composer require behat/behat:dev-master behat/mink:dev-master behat/mink-extension:dev-master --dev
此外，如果您需要安装Behat Laravel扩展laracasts/behat-laravel-extension，您将收到错误：
Problem 1
- Installation request for laracasts/behat-laravel-extension ^1.0 -> satisfiable by laracasts/behat-laravel-extension[1.0].
- Conclusion: remove symfony/dom-crawler v3.0.1
- Conclusion: don't install symfony/dom-crawler v3.0.1
- laracasts/behat-laravel-extension 1.0 requires behat/mink-browserkit-driver ~1.2 -> satisfiable by behat/mink-browserkit-driver[v1.2.0, v1.3.0].
- behat/mink-browserkit-driver v1.2.0 requires symfony/dom-crawler ~2.0 -> satisfiable by symfony/dom-crawler[v2.8.0, v2.8.1, v2.8.2].
- behat/mink-browserkit-driver v1.3.0 requires symfony/dom-crawler ~2.3 -> satisfiable by symfony/dom-crawler[v2.8.0, v2.8.1, v2.8.2].
- Can only install one of: symfony/dom-crawler[v2.8.0, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/dom-crawler[v2.8.1, v3.0.1].
- Can only install one of: symfony/dom-crawler[v2.8.2, v3.0.1].
- Installation request for symfony/dom-crawler == 3.0.1.0 -> satisfiable by symfony/dom-crawler[v3.0.1].
以下是一个讨论和解决问题的方法：
添加到您的composer.json下一行：
"require-dev": {
"laracasts/behat-laravel-extension": "~1.1"
},
"repositories": [
{
"type": "vcs",
"url": "https://www.github.com/ikari7789/behat-laravel-extension.git"
},
{
"type": "vcs",
"url": "https://www.github.com/ikari7789/minkbrowserkitdriver.git"
}
],
通过执行更新命令：composer update完成。
我已经设法通过这种方式解决了它：首先运行composer需要--dev-symfony/css选择器：~2.7然后composer需要behat/beat:dev-master behat/min:dev-masterbehat/mink extension:dev-mater--dev或composer需要behat/bhat/mink-behat/mink扩展--dev