Django应用在Heroku typeError上崩溃:预期的str，字节或OS.类似Pathike对象，而不是功能

Question

我的django应用程序不会在heroku上运行，我不知道为什么。

我从Heroku获取以下错误代码：

2019-02-19T17:36:16.022570+00:00 app[web.1]:
  TypeError: expected str, bytes or os.PathLike object, not function

，然后当我导航到网站时，我得到了：

2019-02-19T17:37:21.630743+00:00 heroku[router]: at=error code=H10 
  desc="App crashed" method=GET path="/" host=full-stack-frameworks-django.herokuapp.com
  request_id=9d5b7ef6-790f-4584-921a-d1392842c93a fwd="109.78.21.112" 
  dyno= connect= service= status=503 bytes= protocol=https

这是我的 settings.py 文件

import os
# from dotenv import load_dotenv
import psycopg2
import dj_database_url
DATABASE_URL = os.environ['DATABASE_URL']
conn = psycopg2.connect(DATABASE_URL, sslmode='require')
# WHITENOISE_USE_FINDERS = True
# dotenv_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '.env')
# load_dotenv(dotenv_path)
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('SECRET_KEY')
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = False
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'django_forms_bootstrap',
    'home',
    'accounts',
    'blogposts',
    'tickets',
    'payments',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'IssueTracker.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
                'django.template.context_processors.media',
            ],
        },
    },
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'IssueTracker.wsgi.application'

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES={}
DATABASES['default'] = dj_database_url.config(conn_max_age=600, ssl_require=True)
# DATABASES = {
#     'default': {
#         'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
#         'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
#     }
# }

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
]
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static_root')

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
MESSAGE_STORAGE = 'django.contrib.messages.storage.session.SessionStorage'
EMAIL_USE_TLS = True
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.gmail.com'
EMAIL_HOST_USER = os.environ.get('EMAIL_ADDRESS')
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = os.environ.get('EMAIL_PASSWORD')
EMAIL_PORT = 587
# TEST KEYS
STRIPE_SECRET_KEY = os.environ.get('STRIPE_SECRET_KEY')
#
STRIPE_PUBLISHABLE_KEY = os.environ.get('STRIPE_PUBLISHABLE_KEY')
#

我有一个我认为正确的procfile：

web: gunicorn IssueTracker.wsgi:application

这是我在Stackoverflow上的第一批帖子之一，所以请告诉我是否需要提供更多信息。

Answer 1

，所以我昨天弄清楚了。错误是由于whitenoise中间件未正确配置在settings.py文件中。

而不是

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage',
....
....

我应该有

MIDDLEWARE = [
        'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
        'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
    ....
    ....

如果要应用于静态文件，则CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage实际上应应用于settings.py中的ststicfiles_storage变量。

Answer 2

我不认为Heroku Database_url做您的想法。它不是DB服务器的URL。相反，它指出了Django数据库设置中将使用的配置信息：

DATABASES = {
    'default': dj_database_url.config(
        default=environ.get('DATABASE_URL')
    )
}

鉴于这一点，我不能说这是否是错误 - 只是我在您的代码中看到的东西。祝你好运！