当 ID 为 null 并在数据库中自动生成时保留实体



我正在使用带有JavaDB的EclipseLink,每次我尝试持久化一个新的用户实体时,我都会收到与新用户实体的ID字段为空相关的错误。我知道它是空的 - 这应该是因为ID字段是作为数据库中的标识生成的。还是我错了?我尝试向实体添加@GeneratedValue,但无论使用哪种生成策略,都会导致错误。我也看过这里,这里和这里,但这些问题似乎与我的问题并不完全相关。以下异常始终在调用 EntityManager.persist(user( 时发生。

我还尝试删除@NotNull和@GeneratedValue,奇怪的是,它通过了持久调用 - 但只是在提交时失败。据我所知,我已经把一切都做好了。所以问题是:为什么此应用程序无法添加新用户,我需要做什么来修复它?

用户实体:

 @Entity(name = "User")
 @Table(name = "USERS")
 public class User implements Serializable {
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
     @Id
     @Basic(optional = false)
     @NotNull
     @Column(name = "IDENTIFIER", nullable = false,unique = true)
     private Long identifier;
     // class shortened for brevity
}

对应于此 SQL 脚本:

create table "USERSDBADMIN".USERS
(
        IDENTIFIER BIGINT not null primary key GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY 
            (START WITH 0, INCREMENT BY 1),
        USERNAME VARCHAR(50) not null,
        EMAIL VARCHAR(150) not null,
        LASTLOGIN DATE default NULL
);

用户创建方法(从 JPA 控制器(:

public void create(User user) throws PreexistingEntityException, RollbackFailureException, Exception {
    EntityManager em = null;
    try {
        utx.begin();
        em = getEntityManager();
        em.persist(user);
        utx.commit();
    } catch (Exception ex) {
        try {
            utx.rollback();
        } catch (Exception re) {
            throw new RollbackFailureException("An error occurred attempting to roll back the transaction.", re);
        }
        if (findUser(user.getIdentifier()) != null) {
            throw new PreexistingEntityException("User " + user + " already exists.", ex);
        }
        throw ex;
    } finally {
        if (em != null) {
            em.close();
        }
    }
}

GenerationStrategy.Identity 错误(基本上是说 ID 字段为空(:

ex = (javax.validation.ConstraintViolationException) javax.validation.ConstraintViolationException: Bean Validation constraint(s) violated while executing Automatic Bean Validation on callback event:'prePersist'. Please refer to embedded ConstraintViolations for details.

GenerationStrategy.Sequence 錯誤(表和自動產生相同的例外(:

ex = (org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.DatabaseException) Exception [EclipseLink-4002] (Eclipse Persistence Services - 2.5.2.v20140319-9ad6abd): org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.DatabaseException. Internal Exception: java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: SEQUENCE 'SEQ_GEN_SEQUENCE' does not exist. Call: VALUES(NEXT VALUE FOR SEQ_GEN_SEQUENCE) Query: ValueReadQuery(sql="VALUES(NEXT VALUE FOR SEQ_GEN_SEQUENCE)")

不要对使用GenerationType.IDENTITY策略生成的@Id属性使用@NotNull约束。问题已@NotNull,并且在提交之前验证了其他JSR-303约束。在提交完成之前,自动递增的标识符不可用。

试试这个,不要再关心ID初始化了:

 @Id
 @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
 @Column(name = "IDENTIFIER", nullable = false, unique = true)
 private Long identifier;

当我在标识符上使用自动增量时,我这样做:

User user = new User();
user.setIdentifier((long) 0);// Assign 0 to ID for MSSQL/MySQL to properly auto_increment the primary key.
user.setUserName("some name");
...

使用此 id 注释:

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Basic(optional = false)
@NotNull
@Column(name = "ID")
private Long id;

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