如何使用super()从父类继承默认值

Question

在这里是Python的新事物，并且作为一般编程，我有以下示例，在此示例中，我试图从父类中继承默认值可以制作对象。如何做好干净？ - 试图尝试 *args和** kwargs，但有不同的错误。

class Person(object):
def __init__(self, name="Jane Doe", age="30", gender="female"):
    self.name = name
    self.age = age
    self.gender = gender
    self.goal = "My goal is: Live for the moment!"

class Student(Person):
def __init__(self, name, age, gender, prev_org="The School of Life", skip_d=0):
    super(Student, self).__init__(name, age, gender,)
    self.prev_org = prev_org
    self.skip_d = skip_d
    self.goal = "Be a junior software developer."
 john = Student('John Doe', 20, 'male', 'BME')
 student = Student()

Answer 1

您可以使用*args实现此目标，但我认为这不是一个很好的设计选择。

class Student(Person):
    def __init__(self, *args, prev_org="The School of Life", skip_d=0):
        super(Student, self).__init__(*args[:2])

这将前3个位置参数传递给父级（Person）类，因此Student不必担心。

您需要切片（[:2]）列表，因为如果您创建了Student的实例，则需要：

john = Student('John Doe', 20, 'male', 'BME')

然后'BME'现在是一个位置参数，并且包含在*args中。而：

john = Student('John Doe', 20, 'male', prev_org='BME')

现在是关键字参数，因此不会出现在*args中。

Answer 2

我认为这是不可能的。我看到的是这样的东西：

class Person(object):
    def __init__(self, name=None, age=None, gender=None):
        if name is None:
            name = "Jane Doe"
        if age is None:
            age = "30"
        if gender is None:
            gender = "female"
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.gender = gender
        self.goal = "My goal is: Live for the moment!"

class Student(Person):
    def __init__(self, name=None, age=None, gender=None, prev_org="The School of Life", skip_d=0):
        super(Student, self).__init__(name, age, gender)
        self.prev_org = prev_org
        self.skip_d = skip_d
        self.goal = "Be a junior software developer."

john = Student('John Doe', 20, 'male', 'BME')
student = Student()