i首先没有提及此问题的关键组成部分:我在这里使用testng。
我有一个dao层执行持久性。作为我的小网络应用程序的一部分,它可以正常运行(我有经典的控制器,服务,DAO层设计)。如果需要,我可以用XML更新此问题。
我的服务层
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
@Override
public GoodVibeUserDetails getUser(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
GoodVibeUserDetails user = userDao.getDetailsRolesAndImagesForUser(username);
return user;
}
// more methods...
}
我的dao层
@Repository
public class UserDaoImplHibernate implements UserDao {
@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
// My methods using sessionFactory & "talking" to the Db via the sessionFactory
}
这是我的测试类
@Component
public class UserDaoImplHibernateTests{
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
private GoodVibeUserDetails user;
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeEachMethod() throws ParseException{
user = new GoodVibeUserDetails();
user.setUsername("adrien");
user.setActive(true);
// & so on...
}
/*
* When everything is fine - test cases
*/
@Test
public void shouldAcceptRegistrationAndReturnUserWithId() throws Exception{
assertNotNull(userDao) ;
user = userDao.registerUser(user);
assertNotNull(user.getId()) ;
}
// more test cases...
}
但是,对于我的测试课程,自动启动, userDao
总是返回 null ,我刚刚在春季开始进行测试,我有点丢失。欢迎任何指针。
Boris Treukhov的答案之后的最新编辑
import ...
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("/applicationContext.xml")
public class UserDaoImplHibernateTests{
@Autowired
@Qualifier("userDao")
private UserDao userDao;
private GoodVibeUserDetails user;
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeEachMethod() throws ParseException{
user = new GoodVibeUserDetails();
user.setUsername("adrien");
user.setActive(true);
// & so on...
}
/*
* When everything is fine - test cases
*/
@Test
public void shouldAcceptRegistrationAndReturnUserWithId() throws Exception{
assertNotNull(userDao) ;
user = userDao.registerUser(user);
assertNotNull(user.getId()) ;
}
// more test methods...
}
这是我的 applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd" >
<!-- the application context definition scans within the base package of the application -->
<!-- for @Components, @Controller, @Service, @Configuration, etc. -->
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.goodvibes" />
<bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer" p:location="/WEB-INF/jdbc.properties" />
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"
p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}" p:url="${jdbc.databaseurl}"
p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}" />
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="configLocation">
<value>classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml</value>
</property>
<property name="configurationClass">
<value>org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration</value>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">${jdbc.dialect}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${jdbc.show_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.SetBigStringTryClob">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">0</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven />
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
[...]
</beans>
我没有添加repository-config.xml,因为这足以访问userDao
。不过,我仍然得到userdao等于null。
预先感谢
如果创建单元测试,则无法使用Spring IOC功能(正如框架设计人员的意图),因为您是在孤立测试对象(即。测试完成所需的接口)。在这种情况下,您应该手动注入模拟存储库,例如在@before测试初始化方法中。整个想法是您的类仅取决于接口,因此Spring容器基本上评估要用作接口实现的类最小的依赖集),这就是为什么您手动执行注射的原因。
如果您正在进行集成测试,则应该有一个弹簧IOC容器实例启动并运行,为此,您应该使用Junit(假设您正在使用JUNIT)特定的测试跑者,如Spring Document中所述测试。
因此,回到问题时,您有一个看起来像简单的单元测试到Junit,并且不使用弹簧容器。因此,如果您要使用Spring testContext框架,则应该有
之类的东西 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"/path-to-app-config.xml", "/your-test-specific-config.xml"})
public class UserDaoImplHibernateTests
而不是@Component
。
update 在testng情况下,我认为应该是(我使用spring依赖注入testng作为参考)
) @ContextConfiguration(locations={"/path-to-app-config.xml", "/your-test-specific-config.xml"})
public class UserDaoImplHibernateTests extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests
另请参阅:集成和单位测试之间有什么区别?