即使我认为我已经确保它不会发送任何越界的内容，我也会遇到索引错误。我添加了一个打印功能，但它没有打印出 4，因为错误正在抱怨。.所以不知道在这里做什么。我的代码中显然还有许多其他缺陷，但这是我现在正在处理的缺陷 - 在从moves_left调用的函数validMove中。
这是我的代码：
import numpy as np
size = input ("Welcome to Othello! Please choose size of board: ")
def makeBoard(size):
board = np.zeros((size, size))
first = int((size/2)-1)
second = int(size/2)
board[first][first] = 1
board[first][second] = 2
board[second][first] = 2
board[second][second] = 1
print(board)
return board
def make_a_move(board, player, size):
accepted = moves_left(board, player, int(size))
while accepted:
print("Player", player)
block = input("Choose where to put chip: ")
choice_row, choice_col = block[0], block[1]
if valid_input(choice_row, choice_col, int(size)):
choice_row, choice_col = int(block[0])-1, int(block[1])-1
flipList = validMove(choice_row, choice_col, board, player)
else:
continue
if allowed_input(flipList, choice_row, choice_col, board):
pass
else:
continue
flipChips(board, flipList, player, choice_row, choice_col)
return board
def valid_input(choice_row, choice_col, size):
try:
choice_row = int(choice_row)
choice_col = int(choice_col)
except:
print("You need to choose a positive number. ")
return False
if choice_row <= size and choice_col <= size:
return True
else:
print("You need to choose a row and column within the board. ")
return False
return True
def isOnBoard(row, col, size):
if 0 <= row <= size-1 and 0 <= col <= size-1:
return True
else:
return False
def allowed_input(flipList, choice_row, choice_col, board):
if board[choice_row][choice_col] != 0:
print("There is already a chip at this block. Choose an empty block. ")
return False
elif len(flipList) == 0:
print("This is not a valid move. Place your chip so you can flip others. ")
return False
else:
return True
def moves_left(board, player, size):
for row_element in range(size):
for col_element in range(size):
flipList = validMove(row_element, col_element, board, player)
if len(flipList) != 0:
return True
print("There are no valid moves for player", player, "now. Wait your turn. ")
return False
def validMove (row, col, board, player):
#player 1: white or 2: black
flipList = []
otherplayer = 2
if player == 2:
otherplayer = 1
adjacent = (row, col+1)
counter = 0
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)):
while board[adjacent[0]][adjacent[1]] == otherplayer:
counter += 1
adjacent = (row, col+1+counter)
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)) and board[row][col+counter+1] == player:
for i in range(counter):
flipList.append((row, col + i + 1))
adjacent = (row, col - 1)
counter = 0
#if (col-1) != -1:
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)):
while board[adjacent[0]][adjacent[1]] == otherplayer:
counter += 1
adjacent = (row, col - 1 - counter)
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)) and board[row][col-counter-1] == player:
for i in range(counter):
flipList.append((row, col - i - 1))
adjacent = (row + 1, col)
counter = 0
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)):
while board[adjacent[0]][adjacent[1]] == otherplayer:
counter += 1
adjacent = (row + 1 + counter, col)
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)) and board[row + 1 + counter][col] == player:
for i in range(counter):
flipList.append((row + i + 1, col))
adjacent = (row - 1, col)
counter = 0
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)):
while board[adjacent[0]][adjacent[1]] == otherplayer:
counter += 1
adjacent = (row - 1 - counter, col)
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)) and board[row - 1 - counter][col] == player:
for i in range(counter):
flipList.append((row - i - 1, col))
adjacent = (row + 1, col + 1)
counter = 0
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)):
print(adjacent[0], adjacent[1])
while board[adjacent[0]][adjacent[1]] == otherplayer: #THIS IS LINE 176
counter += 1
adjacent = (row + 1 + counter, col + 1 + counter)
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)) and board[row + 1 + counter][col + 1 + counter] == player:
for i in range(counter):
flipList.append((row + i + 1, col + i + 1))
adjacent = (row + 1, col - 1)
counter = 0
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)):
while board[adjacent[0]][adjacent[1]] == otherplayer:
counter += 1
adjacent = (row + 1 + counter, col - 1 - counter)
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)) and board[row + 1 + counter][col - 1 - counter] == player:
for i in range(counter):
flipList.append((row + i + 1, col - i - 1))
adjacent = (row - 1, col - 1)
counter = 0
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)):
while board[adjacent[0]][adjacent[1]] == otherplayer:
counter += 1
adjacent = (row - 1 - counter, col - 1 - counter)
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)) and board[row - 1 - counter][col - 1 - counter] == player:
for i in range(counter):
flipList.append((row - i - 1, col - i - 1))
adjacent = (row - 1, col + 1)
counter = 0
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)):
while board[adjacent[0]][adjacent[1]] == otherplayer:
counter += 1
adjacent = (row - 1 - counter, col + 1 + counter)
if isOnBoard(adjacent[0], adjacent[1], int(size)) and board[row - 1 - counter][col + 1 + counter] == player:
for i in range(counter):
flipList.append((row - i - 1, col + i + 1))
return flipList
def flipChips(board, flipList, player, choice_row, choice_col):
if player == 2:
board[choice_row][choice_col] = 2
for element in flipList:
board[element[0]][element[1]] = 2
if player == 1:
board[choice_row][choice_col] = 1
for element in flipList:
board[element[0]][element[1]] = 1
print(board)
return board
def countChips(board):
blackChips = []
whiteChips = []
for list in board:
for brick in list:
if brick == 2:
blackChips.append(brick)
if brick == 1:
whiteChips.append(brick)
print("Black Chips:", len(blackChips), "White Chips:", len(whiteChips))
if len(blackChips)>len(whiteChips):
winner = "black"
else:
winner = "white"
return winner
def main():
board = makeBoard(int(size))
print("")
first_player = 2
second_player = 1
round = 0
while moves_left(board, first_player, int(size)) or moves_left(board, second_player, int(size)):
if round % 2 == 0:
board = make_a_move(board, first_player, size)
else:
board = make_a_move(board, second_player, size)
round += 1
winner = countChips(board)
print("The game is over. The winner is", winner)
main()
This is the error I´m getting:
1 1
1 1
1 2
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "reversi.py", line 289, in <module>
main()
File "reversi.py", line 284, in main
board = make_a_move(board, second_player, size)
File "reversi.py", line 41, in make_a_move
accepted = moves_left(board, player, int(size))
File "reversi.py", line 99, in moves_left
flipList = validMove(row_element, col_element, board, player)
File "reversi.py", line 176, in validMove
while board[adjacent[0]][adjacent[1]] == otherplayer:
IndexError: index 4 is out of bounds for axis 0 with size 4
您正在第 175 行打印(直到那里很好(。之后，您将在第 176 行进入一个 While 循环，在第 177 行中，您将计数器递增 1，在第 178 行中，您将在已经递增的计数器之上添加 1。因此，当 while 循环进行下一次迭代时，它现在已经超出了界限。您可以通过在第 178 行后添加以下行来了解行为。我想你将能够发现问题所在。
print(adjacent) ## Add me after line 178
很抱歉，我无法提出更多建议或发现更多问题，因为我不了解游戏的运作方式。 希望对您有所帮助。