如何在 Django 中部署静态文件，然后再将其托管在任何地方?

Question

我有一个需要部署的Django应用程序。目前，我没有使用Heroku或Linux服务器来部署它。但是，我正在尝试遵循 Django 清单，并确保它是否已准备好部署。

我在 settings.py 模块中做了以下操作：

1. 设置 DEBUG = 假
2. Allowed_Hosts = ['*']
3. STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR，"staticfiles"(

这是我 settings.py 模块：

"""
DJANGO PROJECT
"""
import os
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'SECRET KEY STORED IN ENVIRON VARIABLE'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = False
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'main.apps.MainConfig',  #placing the Django app here.
'crispy_forms',
'rest_framework',
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'main.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'main.wsgi.application'

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'my_db', #name of the database.
'USER' : '######',  
'PASSWORD' : '######',  
'HOST' : 'localhost',
'PORT' : '',
}
}

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "staticfiles")  
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
CRISPY_TEMPLATE_PACK = 'bootstrap4'

在此之后，我在下面键入以下命令：

python manage.py collectstatic

现在，当我运行服务器时，我的 Web 应用程序坏了，没有使用任何静态文件，即 CSS、媒体和 JS。这只是普通的HTML内容。

奇怪的是，当我将DEBUG 模式更改为 True时，该网站可以正常工作。

谁能解释一下原因？当调试模式设置为 True 时，如何部署站点？

Answer 1

因为您的主网址中有此设置

if settings.DEBUG:
urlpatterns += static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT)
urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

如果要在云服务器中部署应用程序，则必须在主文件夹之外创建一个静态文件夹并将静态文件放置在那里，因此 collectstatic 命令将在那里存储静态文件。