Python NLTK：语法错误：文件中的非 ASCII 字符'xc3'(情感分析 -NLP)

Question

我正在玩NLTK来做一个关于情绪分析的任务。我正在使用Python 2.7。NLTK 3.0 和 NumPy1.9.1 版本。

这是代码：

__author__ = 'karan'
import nltk
import re
import sys

def main():
    print("Start");
    # getting the stop words
    stopWords = open("english.txt","r");
    stop_word = stopWords.read().split();
    AllStopWrd = []
    for wd in stop_word:
        AllStopWrd.append(wd);
    print("stop words-> ",AllStopWrd);
    # sample and also cleaning it
    tweet1= 'Love, my new toyí ½í¸í ½í¸#iPhone6. Its good https://twitter.com/Sandra_Ortega/status/513807261769424897/photo/1'
    print("old tweet-> ",tweet1)
    tweet1 = tweet1.lower()
    tweet1 = ' '.join(re.sub("(@[A-Za-z0-9]+)|([^0-9A-Za-z t])|(w+://S+)"," ",tweet1).split())
    print(tweet1);
    tw = tweet1.split()
    print(tw)

    #tokenize
    sentences = nltk.word_tokenize(tweet1)
    print("tokenized ->", sentences)

    #remove stop words
    Otweet =[]
    for w in tw:
        if w not in AllStopWrd:
            Otweet.append(w);
    print("sans stop word-> ",Otweet)

    # get taggers for neg/pos/inc/dec/inv words
    taggers ={}
    negWords = open("neg.txt","r");
    neg_word = negWords.read().split();
    print("ned words-> ",neg_word)
    posWords = open("pos.txt","r");
    pos_word = posWords.read().split();
    print("pos words-> ",pos_word)
    incrWords = open("incr.txt","r");
    inc_word = incrWords.read().split();
    print("incr words-> ",inc_word)
    decrWords = open("decr.txt","r");
    dec_word = decrWords.read().split();
    print("dec wrds-> ",dec_word)
    invWords = open("inverse.txt","r");
    inv_word = invWords.read().split();
    print("inverse words-> ",inv_word)
    for nw in neg_word:
        taggers.update({nw:'negative'});
    for pw in pos_word:
        taggers.update({pw:'positive'});
    for iw in inc_word:
        taggers.update({iw:'inc'});
    for dw in dec_word:
        taggers.update({dw:'dec'});
    for ivw in inv_word:
        taggers.update({ivw:'inv'});
    print("tagger-> ",taggers)
    print(taggers.get('little'))
    # get parts of speech
    posTagger = [nltk.pos_tag(tw)]
    print("posTagger-> ",posTagger)
main();

这是我在运行代码时遇到的错误：

SyntaxError: Non-ASCII character 'xc3' in file C:/Users/karan/PycharmProjects/mainProject/sentiment.py on line 19, but no encoding declared; see http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0263.html for details

如何修复此错误？

我还尝试了使用 Python 3.4.2 以及 NLTK 3.0 和 NumPy 1.9.1 的代码，但随后出现错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/karan/PycharmProjects/mainProject/sentiment.py", line 80, in <module>
    main();
  File "C:/Users/karan/PycharmProjects/mainProject/sentiment.py", line 72, in main
    posTagger = [nltk.pos_tag(tw)]
  File "C:Python34libsite-packagesnltktag__init__.py", line 100, in pos_tag
    tagger = load(_POS_TAGGER)
  File "C:Python34libsite-packagesnltkdata.py", line 779, in load
    resource_val = pickle.load(opened_resource)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xcb in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)

Answer 1

将以下内容添加到文件顶部# coding=utf-8

如果您转到错误中的链接，您可以看到原因：

定义编码

如果没有其他编码，Python 将默认使用 ASCII 作为标准编码 给出了编码提示。 要定义源代码编码，魔术注释必须 作为第一个或第二个放入源文件中 行，例如： # 编码=