试图通过执行gcc-o consumer.c-lpthread-lm在linux中编译我的代码,但据我所知,我收到了关于未声明内容的编译错误。大多数未声明的似乎都与缓冲区有关,这是我第一个使用缓冲区的程序。以下是错误(经过编辑以反映变化)
typedef char buffer_item buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; // asm or __attribute__ before "buffer"
both of these(expected ')' before 'item'
int insert_item(buffer_item item)
int insert_item(buffer_item item)
int remove_item(buffer_item *item) //expected ')' before * token
这是我更改后的完整代码
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#define RAND_DIVISOR 100000000
#define TRUE 1
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1000
pthread_mutex_t mutex; //mutex lock
sem_t full, empty; //semaphores
typedef char buffer_item buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
int counter; //buffer counter
pthread_t tid1, tid2; //Thread ID
pthread_attr_t attr; // thread attributes
void *producer(void *param); // producer thread
void *consumer(void *param); //consumer thread
void initializeData() {
pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL); //Create mutex lock
sem_init(&full, 0, 0); // Create the full semaphore and initialize to 0
sem_init(&empty, 0, BUFFER_SIZE); // Create the empty semaphore and initialize to BUFFER_SIZE
pthread_attr_init(&attr); //default attributes
counter = 0;
}
// Producer Thread
int insert_item(buffer_item item)
void *producer(void *param) {
while(TRUE) {
// random sleep time
int rNum = rand() / RAND_DIVISOR;
sleep(rNum);
int item = rand()%100; // item is a random number between 1-100
sem_wait(&empty); //get empty lock
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex); //get mutex lock
if(insert_item(item)) {
fprintf(stderr, " Producer report error conditionn");
}
else {
printf("producer produced %dn", item);
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex); //release mutex lock
sem_post(&full); //signal full
}
}
// Consumer Thread
void *consumer(void *param) {
while(TRUE) {
int rNum = rand() / RAND_DIVISOR; // sleep for a random period of time
sleep(rNum);
int item = rand()%100; // item is a random number between 1-100
sem_wait(&full);// aquire the full lock */
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);// aquire the mutex lock
if(remove_item(&item)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Consumer report error conditionn");
}
else {
printf("consumer consumed %dn", item);
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);// release mutex lock
sem_post(&empty); //signal empty
}
}
int insert_item(buffer_item item)
{
// add item as long as buffer isn't full
if(counter < BUFFER_SIZE) {
buffer[counter] = item;
counter++;
return 0;
}
else {
return -1; //buffer full error
}
}
// Remove an item from the buffer
int remove_item(buffer_item *item)// remove item and decrement counter when buffer not empty
{
if(counter > 0) {
*item = buffer[(counter-1)];
counter--;
return 0;
}
else { //buffer empty error
}
return -1;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int i; //loop counter
if(argc != 4) {
fprintf(stderr, "USAGE:./main.out <INT> <INT> <INT>n");
}
int mainSleepTime = atoi(argv[1]); // sleep time in seconds
int numProd = atoi(argv[2]); // producer threads
int numCons = atoi(argv[3]); // consumer threads
initializeData(); //initialize app
for(i = 0; i < numProd; i++) {
pthread_create(&tid1,&attr,producer,NULL);
}
for(i = 0; i < numCons; i++) {
pthread_create(&tid2,&attr,consumer,NULL);
}
// sleep in milliseconds
//sleep(mainSleepTime);
pthread_join(tid1, NULL);
pthread_join(tid2, NULL);
printf("Program Exitingn");
exit(0);
}
编辑:最新代码和错误截图http://tinypic.com/r/xptzww/9
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#define RAND_DIVISOR 100000000
#define TRUE 1
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1000
pthread_mutex_t mutex; //mutex lock
sem_t full, empty; //semaphores
typedef char buffer_item;
int counter; //buffer counter
pthread_t tid1, tid2; //Thread ID
pthread_attr_t attr; // thread attributes
void *producer(void *param); // producer thread
void *consumer(void *param); //consumer thread
void initializeData() {
pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL); //Create mutex lock
sem_init(&full, 0, 0); // Create the full semaphore and initialize to 0
sem_init(&empty, 0, BUFFER_SIZE); // Create the empty semaphore and initialize to BUFFER_SIZE
pthread_attr_init(&attr); //default attributes
counter = 0;
}
// Producer Thread
int insert_item(buffer_item item)
void *producer(void *param) {
while(TRUE) {
// random sleep time
int rNum = rand() / RAND_DIVISOR;
sleep(rNum);
int item = rand()%100; // item is a random number between 1-100
sem_wait(&empty); //get empty lock
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex); //get mutex lock
if(insert_item(item)) {
fprintf(stderr, " Producer report error conditionn");
}
else {
printf("producer produced %dn", item);
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex); //release mutex lock
sem_post(&full); //signal full
}
}
// Consumer Thread
void *consumer(void *param) {
while(TRUE) {
int rNum = rand() / RAND_DIVISOR; // sleep for a random period of time
sleep(rNum);
int item = rand()%100; // item is a random number between 1-100
sem_wait(&full);// aquire the full lock */
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);// aquire the mutex lock
if(remove_item(&item)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Consumer report error conditionn");
}
else {
printf("consumer consumed %dn", item);
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);// release mutex lock
sem_post(&empty); //signal empty
}
}
int insert_item(buffer_item item){// add item as long as buffer isn't full
if(counter < BUFFER_SIZE) {
buffer[counter] = item;
counter++;
return 0;
}
else {
return -1; //buffer full error
}
}
// Remove an item from the buffer
int remove_item(buffer_item *item)// remove item and decrement counter when buffer not empty
{
if(counter > 0) {
*item = buffer[(counter-1)];
counter--;
return 0;
}
else { //buffer empty error
}
return -1;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int i; //loop counter
if(argc != 4) {
fprintf(stderr, "USAGE:./main.out <INT> <INT> <INT>n");
}
int mainSleepTime = atoi(argv[1]); // sleep time in seconds
int numProd = atoi(argv[2]); // producer threads
int numCons = atoi(argv[3]); // consumer threads
initializeData(); //initialize app
for(i = 0; i < numProd; i++) {
pthread_create(&tid1,&attr,producer,NULL);
}
for(i = 0; i < numCons; i++) {
pthread_create(&tid2,&attr,consumer,NULL);
}
// sleep in milliseconds
//sleep(mainSleepTime);
pthread_join(tid1, NULL);
pthread_join(tid2, NULL);
printf("Program Exitingn");
exit(0);
}
您已声明但未定义BUFFER_SIZE。取而代之的是
char BUFFER_SIZE;
尝试
char BUFFER_SIZE = some_value;
其中some_value应该是1-255 之间的任何值
线路:
char buffer_item buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
应该是:
char buffer_item[BUFFER_SIZE];
变量声明应该看起来像:
<type name> <variable name>;
没有标准类型buffer_item
。如果你想使用自定义类型名称,可以定义:
typedef char buffer_item;
我假设您想对该类型使用char
,因为item
应该保留从0
到99
的数字,而char
类型就足够了。在该行之后,名称buffer_item
是char
的别名。因此,变量可以声明为buffer_item buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
或buffer_item item;
。在这种情况下,像char buffer_item;
这样的线路是多余的。此外,您不需要在buffer_item
之前写入char
,因为buffer_item
已经是char
的另一个名称,所以char buffer_item;
与char char;
相同,没有任何意义。
可能应该像定义#define RAND_DIVISOR 100000000
一样定义未知符号BUFFER_SIZE
。通常,C中名称中的大写字母用于宏定义。因此,您可能需要在文件顶部设置该大小,例如:
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1000
在这种情况下,不再需要线路CCD_ 20。
在声明之前使用函数insert_item
。因此,为了编译,您可以在producer()
:之前也在顶部提出声明
int insert_item(buffer_item item);
这应该足以编译代码。
针对新错误更新
类型声明使用特殊关键字typedef
创建类型别名。在这里声明buffer_item
名称被用作类型名称,并且它与char
相同,它应该是:
typedef char buffer_item;
缓冲区阵列应定义如下:
buffer_item buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
正向函数声明需要在末尾使用分号:
int insert_item(buffer_item item);
我不确定它是否会像预期的那样工作,但现在它应该被编译了。