管道到脚本块



我正在尝试找到一些方法来灵活地更改/替换PowerShell中的管道元素:

Function Where-DirectlyReportsTo {
    Param (
        [Parameter(
            ValueFromPipeline = $true,
            HelpMessage = "The ADUser object to be tested"
        )]
        [Microsoft.ActiveDirectory.Management.ADUser] $ADUser,
        [Parameter( 
            Mandatory = $true,
            ValueFromPipeline = $false,
            Position = 0
        )]
        [String] $mgrDN
    )
    Process {
        If ($ADUser) {
            If ($ADUser.Manager -eq $mgrDN) { Return $ADUser }
        }
    }
}
$Properties = @("Manager")
$users = Get-ADUser -Filter * -SearchBase $OU -Properties $Properties
[ScriptBlock] $sb = {Where-DirectlyReportsTo "CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"}
$DNs = $users | $sb | %{$_.DistinguishedName}

我想返回所有向Foobar上校报告的用户的DN,但它给了我错误Expressions are only allowed as the first element of a pipeline.

这是一个微不足道的例子,但我最终希望能够将管道步骤放入循环中,并向其传递不同的ScriptBlock以获得不同的用户集,或者使用更复杂的ScriptBlock(例如:{Where-IsEmployee | Where-IsInDepartment "Finance" | Where-LikesIceCream})。

我意识到我可能完全错了,我非常感谢你给我指明正确的方向。

编辑:为了澄清,以下是我想完成的任务的大致轮廓:

[ScriptBlock[]] $arrBlocks = @( # lots of different cases
)
ForEach ($sb In $arrBlocks) {
    $DNs = $users | $sb | %{$_.DistinguishedName}
    # Then do something with the DNs
}

实际上,这可能涉及一个哈希表而不是数组,这样我就知道如何处理每组结果。

语法错误很简单:

# Wrong:
$DNs = $users | $sb | %{$_.DistinguishedName}
# Correct; note the call operator in front of $sb:
$DNs = $users | &$sb | %{$_.DistinguishedName}

这仍然会让你的管道陷入死胡同。你不需要在这里花枝招展;只需将$Input管道传输到下一个函数:

[ScriptBlock] $sb = {$Input | Where-DirectlyReportsTo "CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"}

您不应该让$sb本身枚举输入。这是额外的开销,如果使用param(),则会将脚本块提升为cmdlet。你真的不需要。

事实上,你可以将整个事情简化为四行,甚至一行很长的行:

$properties = @("Manager")
$managers = @(
    "CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"
    "CN=Sergeant Foobar,$OU"
    "CN=Random Manager,$OU"
)
$users = Get-ADUser -Filter * -SearchBase $OU -Properties $properties
$DNs = $users | ?{ $managers -contains $_.Manager } | %{ $_.DistinguishedName }

我用这个代码测试了它:

$OU = 'OU=test'
$users = @(
    @{
        Manager = "CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU";
        DistinguishedName = "Show me!"
    }
    @{
        Manager = "CN=Anon Y Mous,$OU";
        DistinguishedName = "Don't show me!"
    }
    'rabbit'
    42
    $null
    @{
        DistinguishedName = "Don't show me, either!"
    }
    @{
        Manager = "CN=Random Manager,$OU";
        DistinguishedName = "Show me, too!"
    }
)
$managers = @(
    "CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"
    "CN=Sergeant Foobar,$OU"
    "CN=Random Manager,$OU"
)
$DNs = $users | ?{ $managers -contains $_.Manager } | %{ $_.DistinguishedName }
$DNs | Write-Host

如果你想的话,你可以把它写得更详细一点:

$properties = @("Manager")
$managers = @(
    "CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"
    "CN=Sergeant Foobar,$OU"
    "CN=Random Manager,$OU"
)
$filter = { $managers -eq $_.Manager }
$selector = { $_.DistinguishedName }
$users = Get-ADUser -Filter * -SearchBase $OU -Properties $properties
$DNs = $users | ?{ &$filter } | %{ &$selector }

听起来你想最终拥有多个过滤器。这也很容易:

$properties = @("Manager")
$managers = @(
    "CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"
    "CN=Sergeant Foobar,$OU"
    "CN=Random Manager,$OU"
)
$filters = @(
    { $managers -contains $_.Manager }
    { ![string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($_.DistinguishedName) }
)
$selector = { $_.DistinguishedName }
$users = Get-ADUser -Filter * -SearchBase $OU -Properties $properties
$DNs = $users | ?{ $filters.Invoke() -notcontains $false } | %{ &$selector }

脚本块中的管道头需要有一些东西,您必须将脚本块定义为接受管道输入。例如:

[scriptBlock]$sb = {[CmdletBinding()]param([Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$true)]$obj) `
                   process {
                       foreach ($o in $obj) {
                           $o | Where-DirectlyReportsTo "CN=Colonel Foobar,$OU"}}}

你也不能像那样把$sb扔进管道,试试这个:

$users | &$sb | %{$_.DistinguishedName}

在PS 2.0中,这种更简洁(可读?)的语法起作用。(在PS 3.0中不起作用,设置isFilter会引发异常)

$filterSet = 
  {$_.property -eq "desired value"}, 
  {$_.method() -eq "I like the return value"},
  {$_.gettype() -eq [special.type.I.like]}, 
  {arbritraryBoolPSfunction $_}
$filterSet | % {$_.isFilter = $true} # make 'em all filters
ForEach ($filter In $filterSet) {
  $DNs = $users | & $filter | %{$_.DistinguishedName}
  # Then do something with the DNs
}

相关内容

  • 没有找到相关文章

最新更新