Java SSL - InstallCert 可识别证书，但仍然"unable to find valid certification path"错误？

Question

以为我遇到了和其他人一样的问题，我一直在经历许多类似的问题和潜在的解决方案，但没有运气。

我使用的信任存储是 cacerts，位于 Java 1.6.0 JRE 的 lib/security 中（build 1.6.0_20-b02...这可能是问题的根源吗？我也尝试过jssecacerts。

使用 InstallCert（根据发布的其他类似问题），我可以看到我的证书实际上已安装且有效（我已经删除了它，重新导入了它等，以确保我看到正确的数据）：

java InstallCert <my host name>
Loading KeyStore jssecacerts...
Opening connection to <my host name>:443...
Starting SSL handshake...
No errors, certificate is already trusted

签入keytool和Portecle，重新导入证书（我尝试使用-showcert从openssl生成，从浏览器导出并对其进行scp'ing等）给我"这里已经存在这个其他别名"类型的消息。因此，证书进入工具的方式似乎没有任何问题。

在代码中强制显式 trustStore 路径没有任何区别，在所有情况下，当我打开调试（通过 javax.net.debug 的 setProperty 到"all"）时，我最终看到的是：

main, SEND TLSv1 ALERT:  fatal, description = certificate_unknown
main, WRITE: TLSv1 Alert, length = 2 [Raw write]: length = 7 0000: 15
03 01 00 02 02 2E                               ....... main, called
closeSocket() main, handling exception:
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException:
sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed:
sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to
find valid certification path to requested target

不幸的是，我不能允许通过实现我自己的 TrustManager 来覆盖检查 - 它必须实际检查。

我从主机获得的证书有许多扩展名（确切地说是 9 个），这让我想知道它们是否以某种方式是这个问题的一部分。

我还可以检查/尝试什么？切换到其他 JRE 版本？

Answer 1

您仍可以通过实现自己的信任管理器来检查证书。我在这里遇到了类似的问题。我还尝试将证书添加到cacerts但无济于事。

在信任管理器中，需要显式加载证书。基本上我必须做的是这样的：

首先，我创建一个使用实际证书文件的信任管理器：

public class ValicertX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
    X509TrustManager pkixTrustManager;
    ValicertX509TrustManager() throws Exception {
        String valicertFile = "/certificates/ValicertRSAPublicRootCAv1.cer";
        String commwebDRFile = "/certificates/DR_10570.migs.mastercard.com.au.crt";
        String commwebPRODFile = "/certificates/PROD_10549.migs.mastercard.com.au.new.crt";
        Certificate valicert = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X509").generateCertificate(this.getClass().getResourceAsStream(valicertFile));
        Certificate commwebDR = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X509").generateCertificate(this.getClass().getResourceAsStream(commwebDRFile));
        Certificate commwebPROD = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X509").generateCertificate(this.getClass().getResourceAsStream(commwebPRODFile));
        KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
        keyStore.load(null, "".toCharArray());
        keyStore.setCertificateEntry("valicert", valicert);
        keyStore.setCertificateEntry("commwebDR", commwebDR);
        keyStore.setCertificateEntry("commwebPROD", commwebPROD);
        TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("PKIX");
        trustManagerFactory.init(keyStore);
        TrustManager trustManagers[] = trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers();
        for(TrustManager trustManager : trustManagers) {
            if(trustManager instanceof X509TrustManager) {
                pkixTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) trustManager;
                return;
            }
        }
        throw new Exception("Couldn't initialize");
    }
    public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
        pkixTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
    }
    public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
        pkixTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);
    }
    public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
        return pkixTrustManager.getAcceptedIssuers();
    }
}

现在，使用此信任管理器，我必须创建一个套接字工厂：

public class ValicertSSLProtocolSocketFactory implements ProtocolSocketFactory {
    private SSLContext sslContext = null;
    public ValicertSSLProtocolSocketFactory() {
        super();
    }
    private static SSLContext createValicertSSLContext() {
        try {
            ValicertX509TrustManager valicertX509TrustManager = new ValicertX509TrustManager();
            SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
            context.init(null, new ValicertX509TrustManager[] { valicertX509TrustManager}, null);
            return context;
        }
        catch(Exception e) {
            Log.error(Log.Context.Net, e);
            return null;
        }
    }
    private SSLContext getSSLContext() {
        if(this.sslContext == null) {
            this.sslContext = createValicertSSLContext();
        }
        return this.sslContext;
    }
    public Socket createSocket(String host, int port, InetAddress clientHost, int clientPort) throws IOException {
        return getSSLContext().getSocketFactory().createSocket(host, port, clientHost, clientPort);
    }
    public Socket createSocket(final String host, final int port, final InetAddress localAddress, final int localPort, final HttpConnectionParams params) throws IOException {
        if(params == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameters may not be null");
        }
        int timeout = params.getConnectionTimeout();
        SocketFactory socketFactory = getSSLContext().getSocketFactory();
        if(timeout == 0) {
            return socketFactory.createSocket(host, port, localAddress, localPort);
        }
        else {
            Socket socket = socketFactory.createSocket();
            SocketAddress localAddr = new InetSocketAddress(localAddress, localPort);
            SocketAddress remoteAddr = new InetSocketAddress(host, port);
            socket.bind(localAddr);
            socket.connect(remoteAddr, timeout);
            return socket;
        }
    }
    public Socket createSocket(String host, int port) throws IOException {
        return getSSLContext().getSocketFactory().createSocket(host, port);
    }
    public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port, boolean autoClose) throws IOException {
        return getSSLContext().getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host, port, autoClose);
    }
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        return ((obj != null) && obj.getClass().equals(ValicertSSLProtocolSocketFactory.class));
    }
    public int hashCode() {
        return ValicertSSLProtocolSocketFactory.class.hashCode();
    }
}

然后我刚刚注册了一个新协议：

Protocol.registerProtocol("vhttps", new Protocol("vhttps", new ValicertSSLProtocolSocketFactory(), 443));
PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
    postMethod.addParameter(entry.getKey(), StringUtils.Nz(entry.getValue()));
}
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
int status = client.executeMethod(postMethod);
if (status == 200) {
    StringBuilder resultBuffer = new StringBuilder();
    resultBuffer.append(postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString());
    return new HttpResponse(resultBuffer.toString(), "");
} else {
    throw new IOException("Invalid response code: " + status);
}

唯一的缺点是我必须为此特定证书创建一个特定的协议（vhttps）。

Answer 2

SSL 调试跟踪将显示您正在使用的 cacerts 文件，只要您不自己手动加载它。显然，您没有使用您认为的那个。

Answer 3

我的猜测是发生了以下任何一件事：

a） 您在 Web 服务器上运行代码。他们经常使用自己的信任存储 - 所以你真的确定在执行代码时使用的是cacerts吗？

b） 默认情况下，Java 将尝试通过下载和解释 CRL 来检查证书的有效性。如果您位于代理后面，则下载将失败，因此整个 PKIX 检查将失败。