Django 应用程序配置不正确 - 应用程序模块有多个文件系统位置

Question

我想我真的搞砸了。在我的 django 应用程序（生产应用程序）上，我推送了一个主要更新，每当我尝试访问我的域时都会收到"内部服务器错误"。我的 uwsgi 日志中出现错误：

*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.8 (64bit) on [Thu Jan 29 00:36:43 2015] ***
compiled with version: 4.8.2 on 11 December 2014 17:29:38
os: Linux-3.13.0-41-generic #70-Ubuntu SMP Tue Nov 25 14:40:34 UTC 2014
nodename: ip-172-31-9-208
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
detected number of CPU cores: 1
current working directory: /
detected binary path: /usr/local/bin/uwsgi
!!! no internal routing support, rebuild with pcre support !!!
uWSGI running as root, you can use --uid/--gid/--chroot options
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI as root !!! (use the --uid flag) ***
chdir() to /home/ubuntu/web/app
*** WARNING: you are running uWSGI without its master process manager ***
your processes number limit is 15922
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to UNIX address /home/ubuntu/web/ppuwsgi.sock fd 3
Python version: 3.4.0 (default, Apr 11 2014, 13:08:40)  [GCC 4.8.2]
Set PythonHome to /home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/pennypledge
*** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
Python main interpreter initialized at 0xb57780
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 72768 bytes (71 KB) for 1 cores
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
added /home/ubuntu/web/ to pythonpath.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/pennypledge/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 104, in create
    entry = module.default_app_config
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'default_app_config'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./pennypledge/wsgi.py", line 14, in <module>
    application = get_wsgi_application()
  File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/pennypledge/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/wsgi.py", line 14, in get_wsgi_application
    django.setup()
  File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/pennypledge/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 21, in setup 
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/pennypledge/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 85, in populate
    app_config = AppConfig.create(entry)
 File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/pennypledge/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 107, in create
    return cls(entry, module)
  File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/pennypledge/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 41, in __init__
    self.path = self._path_from_module(app_module)
  File "/home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/pennypledge/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 70, in _path_from_module
    "with a 'path' class attribute." % (module, paths))
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: The app module <module 'ledger' (namespace)> has multiple filesystem locations (['./ledger', '/home/ubuntu/web/app/ledger']); you must configure this app with an AppConfig subclass with a 'path' class attribute.
unable to load app 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error)
*** no app loaded. going in full dynamic mode ***
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (and the only) (pid: 8549, cores: 1)
--- no python application found, check your startup logs for errors ---
[pid: 8549|app: -1|req: -1/1] 71.195.197.2 () {42 vars in 828 bytes} [Wed Jan 28 17:36:54 2015] GET / => generated 21 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 500) 2 headers in 83 bytes (0 switches on core 0)
--- no python application found, check your startup logs for errors ---
[pid: 8549|app: -1|req: -1/2] 71.195.197.2 () {42 vars in 814 bytes} [Wed Jan 28 17:36:56 2015] GET /favicon.ico => generated 21 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 500) 2 headers in 83 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
--- no python application found, check your startup logs for errors ---
[pid: 8549|app: -1|req: -1/3] 71.195.197.2 () {38 vars in 640 bytes} [Wed Jan 28 17:37:09 2015] GET / => generated 21 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 500) 2 headers in 83 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
--- no python application found, check your startup logs for errors ---
[pid: 8549|app: -1|req: -1/4] 162.243.163.123 () {40 vars in 751 bytes} [Wed Jan 28 17:37:09 2015] GET /favicon.ico => generated 21 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 500) 2 headers in 83 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
--- no python application found, check your startup logs for errors ---
[pid: 8549|app: -1|req: -1/5] 71.195.197.2 () {40 vars in 748 bytes} [Wed Jan 28 17:37:10 2015] GET /favicon.ico => generated 21 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 500) 2 headers in 83 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
--- no python application found, check your startup logs for errors ---
[pid: 8549|app: -1|req: -1/6] 71.195.197.2 () {38 vars in 591 bytes} [Wed Jan 28 17:37:11 2015] GET /favicon.ico => generated 21 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 500) 2 headers in 83 bytes (0 switches on core 0)

我不知道发生了什么：The app module <module 'ledger' (namespace)> has multiple filesystem locations (['./ledger', '/home/ubuntu/web/app/ledger']); you must configure this app with an AppConfig subclass with a 'path' class attribute..

这是我 settings.py 文件：

DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
import os
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '<SECRET_KEY>'

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['.example.com','.example2.com']

# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'ledger',
    'extension',
    'plugin',
    'emailmanager',
    'bookmarklet',
    'social.apps.django_app.default',
)
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
)
ROOT_URLCONF = 'pennypledge.urls'
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'pennypledge.wsgi.application'
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'ledger.User'

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'postgresql_psycopg2', 
        'NAME': 'database',                      # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
        # The following settings are not used with sqlite3:
        'USER': 'user',
        'PASSWORD': 'password',
        'HOST': '',                      # Empty for localhost through domain sockets or '127.0.0.1' for localhost through TCP.
        'PORT': '',                      # Set to empty string for default.
    }
}
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'MST'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = False #I don't think we care about TZ's. If we do then we need to change the deleting of transaction code.

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    'C:/pennypledge/pennypledge/static/',
    '/Users/croberts/pennypledge/static/',
)
TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = (
    'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
    'django.core.context_processors.debug',
    'django.core.context_processors.i18n',
    'django.core.context_processors.media',
    'django.core.context_processors.static',
    'django.core.context_processors.tz',
    'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
    'social.apps.django_app.context_processors.backends',
    'social.apps.django_app.context_processors.login_redirect',
)
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = (
    'social.backends.facebook.FacebookOAuth2',
    'ledger.custom_social_auth.YoutubeOAuth2',
    'social.backends.twitter.TwitterOAuth',
    'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',
)

最后，当我尝试签出以前版本的代码时。我遇到了同样的问题。

编辑 - 添加 uwsgi.conf 文件

# file: /etc/init/ppuwsgi.conf 
description "uWSGI server for PennyPledge"
start on runlevel [2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]
respawn
exec /usr/local/bin/uwsgi --home /home/ubuntu/web/app/ --socket /home/ubuntu/web/ppuwsgi.sock --chmod-socket=666 --module=pennypledge.wsgi --pythonpath /home/ubuntu/web/ -H /home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/pennypledge --logto /home/ubuntu/web/logs/uwsgi.log --chdir=/home/ubuntu/web/app --chmod-socket=666

我不知道为什么问题是uwsgi的错，因为我只更新了Django项目。

Answer 1

问题是我删除了一个__init__.py文件。显然，django 使用它们来知道哪些文件夹是应用程序，所以它们很重要。

Answer 2

错误出在您的ledger应用中。这是一个自定义应用程序吗？

从 Django 源代码来看，错误来自_path_from_module(app_module)

    # Filesystem path to the application directory eg.
    # u'/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/contrib/admin'. Unicode on
    # Python 2 and a str on Python 3.
    if not hasattr(self, 'path'):
        self.path = self._path_from_module(app_module)

作为快速修复，如果这是你的应用，你可以使用具有有效 path 属性的 AppConfig 子类对其进行配置，这将阻止 bug 执行。我现在正在进一步研究它。

如果ledger不是你的应用，并且你已通过pip或其他方式对其进行了更新，这就解释了为什么签出旧版本并不能解决问题。尝试从其存储库（如果适用）中获取该应用的旧版本并提交错误报告。

Answer 3

在应用程序目录中，编辑文件apps.py并添加 path 属性，如错误所示。例如：

from django.apps import AppConfig
import os
from django.conf import settings

class TranslatorConfig(AppConfig):
    default_auto_field = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
    name = 'translator'
    path = os.path.join(settings.BASE_DIR, 'translator')

和。。。繁荣！！