只有当创建的用户在Django中的特定组中时，我才能运行信号

Question

我有一个模型Client，每当创建User时，它都会使用@receiver信号来更新其字段，因此它会创建一个Client配置文件。

class Client(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
address = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name="Morada")
city = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name="Cidade")
postal = models.CharField(max_length=8, validators=[RegexValidator(r'^d{4}(-d{3})?$')], verbose_name="Código Postal")
nif = models.CharField(max_length=9, verbose_name="NIF", validators=[RegexValidator(r'^d{1,10}$')], unique=True, null=True)
mobile = models.CharField(max_length=9, verbose_name="Telemóvel", validators=[RegexValidator(r'^d{1,10}$')])
def __str__(self):
return "%s %s" % (self.user.first_name, self.user.last_name)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "Clientes"
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def update_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
Clients.objects.create(user=instance)
instance.clients.save()

如果创建的用户属于Clients组，是否有办法只运行此功能？因为如果在Employees组中创建了用户，我不想创建配置文件。

这是在Clients组中创建Client的视图：

@login_required(login_url='./accounts/login/')
def signup(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = SignUpForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
user = form.save()  # this creates the user with first_name, email and last_name as well!
group = Group.objects.get(name='Clients')
user.groups.add(group)
user.refresh_from_db()  # load the profile instance created by the signal
user.clients.address = form.cleaned_data.get('address')
user.clients.city = form.cleaned_data.get('city')
user.clients.postal = form.cleaned_data.get('postal')
user.clients.nif = form.cleaned_data.get('nif')
user.clients.mobile = form.cleaned_data.get('mobile')
return redirect('clients')
else:
form = SignUpForm()
return render(request, 'backend/new_client.html', {'form': form})

Answer 1

在视图中执行(无信号(：

@login_required(login_url='./accounts/login/')
def signup(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = SignUpForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
user = form.save()  
group = Group.objects.get(name='Clients')
user.groups.add(group)
client = Client.objects.create(
user=user,
address=form.cleaned_data.get('address')
city=form.cleaned_data.get('city')
postal=form.cleaned_data.get('postal')
nif=form.cleaned_data.get('nif')
mobile=form.cleaned_data.get('mobile')
)
return redirect('clients')
else:
form = SignUpForm()
return render(request, 'backend/new_client.html', {'form': form})

然后，您可以选择在表单本身中移动user = form.save()下的所有代码(我认为它是一个自定义的ModelForm(：

# forms.py
class SignUpForm(models.Form):
# your existing code here
def save(self):
# NB if you're still using py2 you'll need
# `user = super(SignUpForm, self).save()` instead
user = super().save()
group = Group.objects.get(name='Clients')
user.groups.add(group)
cleaned_data = self.cleaned_data
client = Client.objects.create(
user=user,
address=cleaned_data.get('address')
city=cleaned_data.get('city')
postal=cleaned_data.get('postal')
nif=cleaned_data.get('nif')
mobile=cleaned_data.get('mobile')
)
return user

你的观点变成：

@login_required(login_url='./accounts/login/')
def signup(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = SignUpForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()  
return redirect('clients')
else:
form = SignUpForm()
return render(request, 'backend/new_client.html', {'form': form})

这两个选项都是正确的，在功能上是等效的，但第二个选项更容易维护IMHO——首先是因为表单比视图更容易测试(你不需要创建请求对象(，还因为它将整个域逻辑封装在同一个地方(表单(，而不是分散在表单和视图之间。唯一的缺点是您失去了将commit=Falsearg传递给form.save()的能力，但由于此表单显然没有其他用途，因此无论如何都不会使用此功能。