Deque 实现中的 addFirst() 方法

Question

我正在尝试使用链表在java中实现Deque。首先，我想实现该方法addFirst().这是我遇到的问题 - 当我添加几个字符串时，例如"一"，"二"和"三"，它插入正确，但是在迭代deque时，它只给出最后添加的对象，而不是所有对象。我缺少什么吗？

public class Deque<Item> implements Iterable<Item> {
  private Node first;
  private Node last;
  private int N;
  public Iterator<Item> iterator() { return new DequeIterator(); }
  private class Node {
    private Item item;
    private Node next;
  }
  public Deque() {
    first = null;
    last = null;
    N = 0;
  }
  public boolean isEmpty() { return first == null || last == null; }
  public int size() { return N; }
  public void addFirst(Item item) {
  if (null == item) { throw new NullPointerException("Can not add a null value"); }
  Node oldFirst = first;
  first = new Node();
  first.item = item;
  first.next = null;
  if (isEmpty()) {
    last = first;
  } else {
    oldFirst.next = first;
  }
  N++; 
 }
 private class DequeIterator implements Iterator<Item> {
   private Node current = first;
   public boolean hasNext() { return current != null; }
   public void remove() { throw new UnsupportedOperationException(); }
   public Item next() {
    if (!hasNext()) { throw new NoSuchElementException(); }
    Item item = current.item;
    current = current.next;
    return item;
   }
 }
 public static void main(String args[]) {
   Deque<String> deque = new Deque<String>();
   deque.addFirst("one");
   deque.addFirst("two");
   deque.addFirst("three");
   deque.addFirst("four");
   for (String s : deque) {
     System.out.println(s); // prints only "four"
   }
 }
}

Answer 1

在 addFirst() 中将oldFirst.next = first更改为 first.next = oldFirst，它应该可以工作。

现在first.next addFirst()通话后没有指向任何内容，因为您将其设置为 null .这会导致 hasNext() 方法返回 false，从而导致无效迭代。

Answer 2

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
public class Deque<Item> implements Iterable<Item> {
    private Deque.Node first;
    private Deque.Node last;
    private int N;
    public Iterator<Item> iterator() {
        return new Deque.DequeIterator();
    }
    private class Node {
        private Item item;
        private Deque.Node next;
    }
    public Deque() {
        first = null;
        last = null;
        N = 0;
    }
    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return first == null || last == null;
    }
    public int size() {
        return N;
    }
    public void addFirst(Item item) {
        if (null == item) {
            throw new NullPointerException("Can not add a null value");
        }
        if (first == null && last == null) {
            first = new Node();
            first.item = item;
            first.next = null;
            last = first;
        } else {
            Node node = new Node();
            node.item = item;
            node.next = first;
            first = node;
        }
        N++;
    }
    private class DequeIterator implements Iterator<Item> {
        private Deque.Node current = first;
        public boolean hasNext() {
            return current != null;
        }
        public void remove() {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        }
        public Item next() {
            if (!hasNext()) {
                throw new NoSuchElementException();
            }
            Item item = (Item) current.item;
            current = current.next;
            return item;
        }
    }
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        Deque<String> deque = new Deque<String>();
        deque.addFirst("one");
        deque.addFirst("two");
        deque.addFirst("three");
        deque.addFirst("four");
        for (String s : deque) {
            System.out.println(s); // prints only "four"
        }
    }
}

输出：

four
three
two
one