如何在 C# 中使用多线程时实现'wait'状态



我有一个应用多线程的类。我希望一次只允许一个线程"startSpeaking()"。这是我的尝试:

class VoiceEffect
{
    SpeechSynthesizer reader = new SpeechSynthesizer();
    static readonly object _locker = new object();
    public void createVoiceThread(string str)
    {
        Thread voicethread = new Thread(() => startSpeaking(str)); // Lambda Process
        voicethread.IsBackground = true;
        voicethread.Start();
    }
    public void startSpeaking(string str)
    {
        lock (_locker)
        {
            reader.Rate = -2; // Voice  effects.
            reader.Volume = 100;
            reader.Speak(str);
        }
    }
}

我还在另一个类中调用createVoiceThread()方法。它是由另一个类中的类似约定调用的。例如

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        VoiceEffect ve = new VoiceEffect();
        string text = "Hello world, how are you today? I am super-duper!!";
       for( int i=0 ; i < 10 ; i++ )
       {
          ve.createVoiceThread(text);
          ve.startSpeaking(text);
          Thread.Sleep(1000);
       }
    }
}

我的问题是,我如何修改这个程序,以便当任何线程调用startSpeaking()时,它一次只播放一个语音模式。

我知道这个问题很老,但如果我正确理解你的问题(你希望所有的演讲都按顺序进行,就像在一个线程上进行一样),你可以做这样的事情:

static class VoiceEffect
{
    SpeechSynthesizer reader = new SpeechSynthesizer();
    private volatile bool _isCurrentlySpeaking = false;
    /// <summary>Event handler. Fired when the SpeechSynthesizer object starts speaking asynchronously.</summary>
    private void StartedSpeaking(object sender, SpeakStartedEventArgs e)
    { _isCurrentlySpeaking = true; }
    /// <summary>Event handler. Fired when the SpeechSynthesizer object finishes speaking asynchronously.</summary>
    private void FinishedSpeaking(object sender, SpeakCompletedEventArgs e)
    { _isCurrentlySpeaking = false; }
    private VoiceEffect _instance;
    /// <summary>Gets the singleton instance of the VoiceEffect class.</summary>
    /// <returns>A unique shared instance of the VoiceEffect class.</returns>
    public VoiceEffect GetInstance()
    {
        if(_instance == null)
        { _instance = new VoiceEffect(); }
        return _instance;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// Constructor. Initializes the class assigning event handlers for the
    /// SpeechSynthesizer object.
    /// </summary>
    private VoiceEffect()
    {
        reader.SpeakStarted += new EventHandler<SpeakStartedEventArgs>(StartedSpeaking);
        reader.SpeakCompleted += new EventHandler<SpeakCompletedEventArgs>(FinishedSpeaking);
    }
    /// <summary>Speaks stuff.</summary>
    /// <param name="str">The stuff to speak.</param>
    public void startSpeaking(string str)
    {
        reader.Rate = -2; // Voice  effects.
        reader.Volume = 100;
        // if the reader's currently speaking anything,
        // don't let any incoming prompts overlap
        while(_isCurrentlySpeaking)
        { continue; }
        reader.SpeakAsync(str);
    }
    /// <summary>Creates a new thread to speak stuff into.</summary>
    /// <param name="str">The stuff to read.</param>
    public void createVoiceThread(string str)
    {
        Thread voicethread = new Thread(() => startSpeaking(str)); // Lambda Process
        voicethread.IsBackground = true;
        voicethread.Start();
    }        
}

这为您提供了一个将管理所有线程的singleton类,并且所有线程都将共享_isCurrentlySpeaking变量,这意味着语音提示永远不会相互重叠,因为它们都必须等到变量被清除后才能说话。我不能保证的是,如果您向队列提交了多个提示,而已经有一个提示被大声说出,那么提示的读取顺序(即,控制消息处理队列)。不管怎样,这应该很有效。

您的问题还不清楚,但您有一个静态锁变量(_locker),这意味着一次只有一个线程可以执行startSpeaking。目前尚不清楚您是否试图让线程相互等待,或者您的问题是否是因为不希望它们相互等待。

无论哪种方式,像这样使用单个静态锁都是非常可疑的,IMO。如果你真的只能有效地拥有这个类的一个有用实例,那么可以考虑将其作为singleton。(通常在设计方面不太好。)如果有多个独立的实例是可以的,那么通过将_locker变量设置为实例变量来使独立。

(我也强烈建议您开始遵循.NET命名约定。)

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