弹簧引导单元测试断言错误

Question

正在处理基于 Spring 启动的 Rest 项目，我有一个这样的控制器哪个调用服务，服务层调用道层。现在我正在为控制器编写单元测试代码。当我运行这个时，错误说

java.lang.AssertionError： 预期：<201>但 was：<415>

我不知道我哪里做错了：

    public class CustomerController {
        private static final Logger LOGGER = LogManager.getLogger(CustomerController.class);
        @Autowired
        private CustomerServices customerServices;
        @Autowired
        private Messages MESSAGES;
        @Autowired
        private LMSAuthenticationService authServices;
        @RequestMapping(value = "/CreateCustomer", method = RequestMethod.POST)
        public Status createCustomer(@RequestBody @Valid Customer customer, BindingResult bindingResult) {
            LOGGER.info("createCustomer call is initiated");
            if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
                throw new BusinessException(bindingResult);
            }
            Status status = new Status();
            try {
                int rows = customerServices.create(customer);
                if (rows > 0) {
                    status.setCode(ErrorCodeConstant.ERROR_CODE_SUCCESS);
                    status.setMessage(MESSAGES.CUSTOMER_CREATED_SUCCESSFULLY);
                } else {
                    status.setCode(ErrorCodeConstant.ERROR_CODE_FAILED);
                    status.setMessage(MESSAGES.CUSTOMER_CREATION_FAILED);
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                LOGGER.info("Cannot Create the Customer:", e);
                status.setCode(ErrorCodeConstant.ERROR_CODE_FAILED);
                status.setMessage(MESSAGES.CUSTOMER_CREATION_FAILED);
            }
            return status;
        }
              }

CustomerController的测试 .

    public class CustomerControllerTest extends ApplicationTest {
        private static final Logger LOGGER = LogManager.getLogger(CustomerControllerTest.class);

        @Autowired
        private WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;
        private MockMvc mockMvc;
        @MockBean
        private CustomerController customerController;
        @Before
        public void setup() {
            this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build();
        }
        Status status = new Status(200,"customer created successfully","success");
        String customer = "{"customerFullName":"trial8900","customerPhoneNumber": "trial8900", "customerEmailID": "[e-mail]","alternateNumber": "trial8900","city": "trial8900","address":"hsr"}";
        @Test   
        public void testCreateCustomer() throws Exception {
            String URL = "http://localhost:8080/lms/customer/CreateCustomer";
            Mockito.when(customerController.createCustomer(Mockito.any(Customer.class),(BindingResult) Mockito.any(Object.class))).thenReturn(status);
            // execute
            MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post(URL)
                    .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
                    .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
                    .content(TestUtils.convertObjectToJsonBytes(customer))).andReturn();
            LOGGER.info(TestUtils.convertObjectToJsonBytes(customer));
            // verify
            MockHttpServletResponse response = result.getResponse();
            LOGGER.info(response);
            int status = result.getResponse().getStatus();
            LOGGER.info(status);
            assertEquals(HttpStatus.CREATED.value(), status);
        }
    }

Answer 1

HTTP 状态 415 为"不支持的媒体类型"。 终结点应使用@Consumes(也可能是@Produces(注释进行标记，指定它期望从客户端获得的媒体类型以及返回到客户端的媒体类型。

由于我看到您的测试代码使用 MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8 执行您的生产代码，您可能应该将您的端点标记为消耗和生产APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8。

然后，您还需要确保错误处理中没有发生任何严重错误，因为在捕获生产代码生成的异常并生成HTTP响应的过程中，错误处理代码可能会生成不同的东西，例如生成包含HTML格式错误消息的有效负载的错误状态响应， 它将具有"text/html"的内容类型，您的测试代码无法理解它，而您的测试代码需要 JSON 即可理解。

Answer 2

使用以下基本测试类进行设置，并将 json 转换为字符串，将字符串转换为 json

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = Main.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public abstract class BaseTest {
   protected MockMvc mvc;
   @Autowired
   WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;
   protected void setUp() {
      mvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build();
   }
   protected String mapToJson(Object obj) throws JsonProcessingException {
      ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
      return objectMapper.writeValueAsString(obj);
   }
   protected <T> T mapFromJson(String json, Class<T> clazz)
      throws JsonParseException, JsonMappingException, IOException {
      ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
      return objectMapper.readValue(json, clazz);
   }
}

还要验证您的帖子呼叫是否已发生，请检查以下示例

Mockito.doNothing().when(customerServices).create(Mockito.any(Customer.class));
       customerServices.create(customer);
       Mockito.verify(customerServices, Mockito.times(1)).create(customer);
       RequestBuilder requestBuilder =  MockMvcRequestBuilders.post(URI)
                                                             .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).content(inputInJson)
                                                             .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
       MvcResult mvcResult = mvc.perform(requestBuilder).andReturn();
       MockHttpServletResponse response = mvcResult.getResponse();
       assertEquals(HttpStatus.OK.value(), response.getStatus());