验证数据类型

Question

我想验证output.txt中的数据类型。

例：

52   40.5  60  yes
30.3 20   40   no

结果：

52 is Integer
40.5 is Decimal
60 is Integer
Yes is Character

应该

为这项任务选择什么 - bash还是awk？

谢谢。

Answer 1

awk '
BEGIN {
    types["Integer"] = "^[[:digit:]]+$"; 
    types["Decimal"] = "^[[:digit:]]+[.][[:digit:]]+$"; 
    types["Character"] = "^[[:alpha:]]+$"
} 
{
    for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++) {
        found = 0;
        for (type in types) {
            if ($i ~ types[type]) {
                print $i, "is", type;
                found = 1
            } 
        }
        if (! found) {
            print "Type not found for:", $i
        }
    }
    printf "n"
}' inputfile

Answer 2

使用 bash 模式

shopt -s extglob
while read line; do
  set -- $line
  for word; do
    case $word in
      ?([-+])+([[:digit:]]) ) echo "$word is an integer" ;;
      ?([-+])@(*([[:digit:]]).+([[:digit:]])|+([[:digit:]]).*([[:digit:]])) ) echo "$word is a decimal" ;;
      +([[:alpha:]]) ) echo "$word is alphabetical" ;;
      *) echo "$word is a mixed string" ;;
    esac
  done
done < output.txt

Answer 3

使用 bash，您可以尝试如下操作：

#!/usr/bin/env bash
while read -r; do
    for token in $REPLY; do                    # no quotes here!
        if [[ "$token" =~ ^[[:digit:]]+$ ]]
        then printf -- "%d is digitn" "$token"
        elif [[ "$token" =~ ^[[:digit:]]+.[[:digit:]]+$ ]]
        then printf -- "%f is floatn" "$token"
        elif [[ "$token" =~ ^[[:alpha:]]+$ ]]
        then printf -- "%s is stringn" "$token"
        else printf -- "unknown class: %sn" "$token"
        fi
    done
done < file.txt

• 读取一行（从file.txt while read，行在变量REPLY）
• 拆分为令牌（for行中的每个令牌/REPLY）
• 查找当前令牌的类型（将完整令牌^..$与正则表达式和类匹配）

Answer 4

TXR：一点正则表达式，一点类型系统。如果令牌看起来像一个数字，那么让我们尝试将其从字符串转换为带有 num-str 的数字对象。如果失败，则一定是范围错误。typeof函数为我们提供了对象的类型： fixnum ，bignum或float 。

@(freeform)
@(coll)@{token /[^s]+/}@(end)
@(output)
@  (repeat)
@token @(if (eql (match-regex token #/[+-]?d+([.]d+)?([Ee][+-]?d+)?/)
                 (length token))
          (let ((x (num-str token)))
            (if x (typeof x) "out-of-range"))
          "non-numeric")
@  (end)
@(end)

跑：

$ txr verify.txr  -
hello world     
1.5E900 1.43 52  5A  12341234123412341234 12341234123412341234243.42 42
[Ctrl-D]
hello non-numeric
world non-numeric
1.5E900 out-of-range
1.43 float
52 fixnum
5A non-numeric
12341234123412341234 bignum
12341234123412341234243.42 float
42 fixnum