文件系统观察器在将 Word doc/docx 文件转换为 PDF 时停止工作

我有一个Powershell脚本，用于自动将.doc/.docx文件转换为*.pdf。第一个文件的脚本运行良好。但是，如果我在监视文件夹中放置另一个文件，观察程序不会触发事件。

这是完整的脚本。如果我注释掉所有$doc变量，脚本将运行多次而没有任何问题。我是否忽略/忽略了某些内容？

$watcher = New-Object System.IO.FileSystemWatcher
$watcher.Path = "$Env:DropboxRoot"
$watcher.Filter = "*.doc*"
$watcher.IncludeSubdirectories = $true
$watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = $true
Add-type -AssemblyName Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word

$action  = {
$name = (get-item $Event.SourceEventArgs.FullPath).BaseName
### DON'T PROCESS WORD BACKUP FILES (START WITH A TILDE ~)
if(!($name.startsWith("~"))){
    write-host Triggered event from $Event.SourceEventArgs.FullPath
    $inputFilePath = $Event.SourceEventArgs.FullPath
    $parentPath = (get-item $inputFilePath).Directory
    $filename = (get-item $inputFilePath).BaseName
    $pdfDir = "$parentPathPDF"
    if(!(Test-Path -Path $pdfDir)){
        New-Item -ItemType directory -Path $pdfDir
    }
    ###Execute PDF generate script
    write-host Create word object
    $word = New-Object -ComObject "Word.Application"

    ######define the parameters######
    write-host Define parameters
    $wdExportFormat =[Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdExportFormat]::wdExportFormatPDF
    $OpenAfterExport = $false
    $wdExportOptimizeFor = [Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdExportOptimizeFor]::wdExportOptimizeForOnScreen
    $wdExportItem = [Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdExportItem]::wdExportDocumentContent
    $IncludeDocProps = $true
    $KeepIRM = $false #Don't export Inormation Rights Management informations
    $wdExportCreateBookmarks = [Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdExportCreateBookmarks]::wdExportCreateWordBookmarks #Keep bookmarks
    $DocStructureTags = $true #Add additional data for screenreaders
    $BitmapMissingFonts = $true 
    $UseISO19005_1 = $true #Export as PDF/A
    $outputFilePath = $pdfDir + "" + $filename + ".pdf" 

    $doc = $word.Documents.Open($inputFilePath)
     $doc.ExportAsFixedFormat($OutputFilePath,$wdExportFormat,$OpenAfterExport,`
                     $wdExportOptimizeFor,$wdExportRange,$wdStartPage,$wdEndPage,$wdExportItem,$IncludeDocProps,`
                    $KeepIRM,$wdExportCreateBookmarks,$DocStructureTags,$BitmapMissingFonts,$UseISO19005_1)
    $doc.Close()
    $word.Quit()
    [void][System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReleaseComObject($doc)
    [void][System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ReleaseComObject($word)
    [GC]::Collect()
    [GC]::WaitForPendingFinalizers()    
 }
}
$created = Register-ObjectEvent $watcher -EventName "Created" -Action    $action
$renamed = Register-ObjectEvent $watcher -EventName "Renamed" -Action $action

while($true) {
    sleep 5
}`

您的脚本有一些问题，更多的调试逻辑可能会发现这些问题。

在某些情况下，(Get-Item System.Management.Automation.PSEventArgs.SourceEventArgs.FullPath)返回 null。由于未知原因，对于每个转换的文档，这似乎都会发生一次。也许它与"~Temp"文件有关。

随后，if(!($name.startsWith("~")将引发异常。

当你使用$inputFilePath = $Event.SourceEventArgs.FullPath时，你的变量是一个FileInfo，实际上你想传递一个字符串给$word.Documents.Open($inputFilePath)。

最后，有时BaseName为空。不知道为什么，但代码可以对此进行测试或使用其他方法来剖析 FullPath 以获取名称和路径部分。

综上所述，一旦你开始工作，我的个人经验是，在Word上调用COM对象在PowerShell中进行此转换是不可靠的（Word挂起，~Temp文件被留下，你必须从任务管理器杀死Word，PowerShell中的COM调用永远不会返回）。我的测试表明，调用 C# 控制台应用进行转换要可靠得多。您可以完全用 C# 编写此目录观察程序和转换器，并完成相同的任务。

假设你仍然想将两者结合起来，一个PowerShell观察器和一个C# Word到PDF转换器，下面是我想出的一个解决方案。该脚本运行大约一分钟，因此您可以在ISE或控制台中进行测试。在控制台中按任意键退出。在退出之前，脚本通过取消注册事件来干净地退出，这在 ISE 中进行测试时非常有用。根据您打算如何运行脚本相应地更改此设置。

PowerShell 观察程序

$watcher = New-Object System.IO.FileSystemWatcher
$watcher.Path = "d:testdocconvertsrc"
$watcher.Filter = "*.doc*"
$watcher.IncludeSubdirectories = $true
$watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = $true
# copy this somehwere appropriate
# perhaps in same directory as your script
# put on a read-only share, etc.
$wordToPdf = 'd:testdocconvertWordToPdfWordToPdfbinDebugWordToPdf.exe'
$action  = {
    try 
    {
        Write-Host "Enter action @ $(Get-Date)"
        $fullPathObject = (Get-Item $Event.SourceEventArgs.FullPath)
        if (!($fullPathObject))
        {
            Write-Host "(Get-Item $Event.SourceEventArgs.FullPath) returned null."
            return
        }
        $fullPath = ($fullPathObject).ToString()
        Write-Host "Triggered event from $fullPath"
        $fileName = Split-Path $FullPath -Leaf
        if ($fileName -and ($fileName.StartsWith("~")))
        {
            Write-Host "Skipping temp file"
            return
        }
        # put pdf in same dir as the file
        # can be changed, but a lot easier to test this way
        $pdfDir = Split-Path $FullPath -Parent
        $baseName = [System.IO.Path]::GetFileNameWithoutExtension($fileName)
        $outputFilePath = Join-Path $pdfDir $($baseName + ".pdf")
        Write-Host "outputFilePath is: '$outputFilePath'"
        # call c# WordToPdf to do conversion because
        # it is way more reliable than similar calls
        # from PowerShell
        & $wordToPdf $fullPath $outputFilePath
        if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0)
        {
            Write-Host "Conversion result: FAIL"
        }
        else
        {
            Write-Host "Conversion result: OK"
        }
    }
    catch
    {
        Write-Host "Exception from ACTION:`n$($_ | Select *)"
    }
    finally
    {
        Write-Host "Exit action @ $(Get-Date)"
    }
}
$created = Register-ObjectEvent $watcher -EventName "Created" -Action $action
$renamed = Register-ObjectEvent $watcher -EventName "Renamed" -Action $action
$count = 12
while($count--) {
    Write-Output "run/sleep ($count)..."
    sleep 5
    # will exit from console, not ISE
    if ([console]::KeyAvailable) {
        $key = [console]::ReadKey()
        break
    }
}
$created | % {Unregister-Event $_.Name}
$renamed | % {Unregister-Event $_.Name}

C# WordToPdf 转换器

为参数添加适当的错误检查...

添加对 COM Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word的引用

using System;
using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;
namespace WordToPdf
{
    class Program
    {
        static int Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Converting: {args[0]} to {args[1]}");
            var conversion = new DocumentConversion();
            bool result = conversion.WordToPdf(args[0], args[1]);
            if (result)
            {
                return 0;
            }
            else {
                return 1;
            }
        }
    }
    public class DocumentConversion
    {
        private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.Application Word;
        private object Unknown = Type.Missing;
        private object True = true;
        private object False = false;
        public bool WordToPdf(object Source, object Target)
        {
            bool ret = true;
            if (Word == null) Word = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.Application();
            try
            {
                Word.Visible = false;
                Word.Documents.Open(ref Source, ref Unknown,
                     ref True, ref Unknown, ref Unknown,
                     ref Unknown, ref Unknown, ref Unknown,
                     ref Unknown, ref Unknown, ref Unknown,
                     ref Unknown, ref Unknown, ref Unknown,
                     ref Unknown, ref Unknown);
                Word.Application.Visible = false;
                Word.WindowState = WdWindowState.wdWindowStateMinimize;
#if false
                object saveFormat = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word.WdSaveFormat.wdFormatPDF;
                Word.ActiveDocument.SaveAs(ref Target, ref saveFormat,
                    ref Unknown, ref Unknown, ref Unknown,
                    ref Unknown, ref Unknown, ref Unknown,
                    ref Unknown, ref Unknown, ref Unknown,
                    ref Unknown, ref Unknown, ref Unknown,
                    ref Unknown, ref Unknown);
#else
                Word.ActiveDocument.ExportAsFixedFormat(
                    (string)Target, WdExportFormat.wdExportFormatPDF,
                    false, WdExportOptimizeFor.wdExportOptimizeForOnScreen,
                    WdExportRange.wdExportAllDocument, 0, 0,
                    WdExportItem.wdExportDocumentContent, true, false,
                    WdExportCreateBookmarks.wdExportCreateWordBookmarks,
                    true, true, true);
#endif
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
                ret = false;
            }
            finally
            {
                if (Word != null)
                {
                    // close the application
                    Word.Quit(ref Unknown, ref Unknown, ref Unknown);
                }
            }
            return ret;
        }
    }
}

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