Spring:@PostConstruct不在maven测试中调用，但如果测试在IDEA中运行，则可以正常工作

Question

问题是@PostConstruct方法在maven测试期间不会被调用，但如果我在IDEA中运行这些测试，它可以正常工作。

为什么在maven测试期间没有调用它？我该如何解决这个问题？

我的测试课程：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {AppConfig.class, DBConfig.class})
@WebAppConfiguration
public class SecurityTest {
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext context;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Before
public void setup() {
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders
.webAppContextSetup(context)
.apply(springSecurity())
.build();
}
@Test
public void openLibraryPage() throws Exception {
mockMvc.perform(get("/books")
.with(httpBasic("admin", "admin")))
.andDo(print())
.andExpect(status().is2xxSuccessful());
}
}

包含@PostConstruct的类(该配置运行良好，并且该类中的bean在maven测试和idea测试中都进行了初始化，只是由于某种原因，@PostConstruct方法没有在maven测试中调用(

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("test.task")
public class DBConfig {
private static final Logger log = LogManager.getLogger(DBConfig.class);
@Autowired
private DataSource dataSource;
@PostConstruct
public void initializeDatabase() {
.. some code ..
}
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource() {
DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource("jdbc:h2:mem:test-task;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE", "sa", "");
dataSource.setDriverClassName("org.h2.Driver");
return dataSource;
}
@Bean
public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate() {
return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
}

和我的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>test.task</groupId>
<artifactId>library</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>default-war</id>
<phase>prepare-package</phase>
<configuration>
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<version>1.4.197</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>5.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
<version>5.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
<version>5.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.11.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
<version>2.11.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
<version>3.0.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.liquibase</groupId>
<artifactId>liquibase-core</artifactId>
<version>3.6.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>

#UPDATE 1

将DBConfig.class添加到@ContextConfiguration，没有任何更改。

Answer 1

也有同样的问题，对我来说，这是因为以下依赖项不在类路径上：

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.annotation/javax.annotation-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>

IntelliJ和Maven是否使用相同的Java版本？也许IntelliJ正在使用Java<9，这就是它工作的原因，Maven使用Java>=9，因此需要我提到的依赖项。

看到这个答案

Answer 2

在开始测试时，您只是将AppConfig加载到上下文中。而且，上下文中似乎没有加载DBConfig，这就是initializeDatabase方法没有被调用的原因。

为了使其工作，必须加载DBConfig，

@ContextConfiguration(classes＝｛AppConfig.class，DBConfig.class｝(