我正在尝试重建我用 kotlin 编写的项目，但它一直失败并出现错误
Program type already present: androidx.annotation.AnimRes
我试过了
使缓存失效
清洁和重建
使用
./gradlew build --stacktrace --info命令
但没有成功。
例外情况是
org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskExecutionException: Execution failed for task ':app:transformClassesWithMultidexlistForDebug'
堆栈跟踪是
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: com.android.build.api.transform.TransformException: Error while generating the main dex list.
at com.android.builder.profile.Recorder$Block.handleException(Recorder.java:55)
at com.android.builder.profile.ThreadRecorder.record(ThreadRecorder.java:104)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask.transform(TransformTask.java:230)
at org.gradle.internal.reflect.JavaMethod.invoke(JavaMethod.java:73)
at org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.IncrementalTaskAction.doExecute(IncrementalTaskAction.java:50)
at org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.StandardTaskAction.execute(StandardTaskAction.java:39)
at org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.StandardTaskAction.execute(StandardTaskAction.java:26)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter$1.run(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:131)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:300)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:292)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:174)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:90)
at org.gradle.internal.operations.DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.run(DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.java:31)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeAction(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:120)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeActions(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:99)
... 111 more
Caused by: com.android.build.api.transform.TransformException: Error while generating the main dex list.
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.transforms.D8MainDexListTransform.transform(D8MainDexListTransform.kt:143)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask$2.call(TransformTask.java:239)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask$2.call(TransformTask.java:235)
at com.android.builder.profile.ThreadRecorder.record(ThreadRecorder.java:102)
... 124 more
Caused by: com.android.builder.multidex.D8MainDexList$MainDexListException: com.android.tools.r8.errors.CompilationError: Program type already present: androidx.annotation.AnimRes
at com.android.builder.multidex.D8MainDexList.generate(D8MainDexList.java:87)
at com.android.build.gradle.internal.transforms.D8MainDexListTransform.transform(D8MainDexListTransform.kt:128)
... 127 more
Caused by: com.android.tools.r8.errors.CompilationError: Program type already present: androidx.annotation.AnimRes
at com.android.tools.r8.utils.ProgramClassCollection.resolveClassConflictImpl(ProgramClassCollection.java:64)
at com.android.tools.r8.utils.ProgramClassCollection.lambda$create$0(ProgramClassCollection.java:25)
at com.android.tools.r8.utils.ProgramClassCollection.create(ProgramClassCollection.java:24)
at com.android.tools.r8.graph.LazyLoadedDexApplication$Builder.build(LazyLoadedDexApplication.java:124)
at com.android.tools.r8.dex.ApplicationReader.read(ApplicationReader.java:123)
at com.android.tools.r8.dex.ApplicationReader.read(ApplicationReader.java:86)
at com.android.tools.r8.GenerateMainDexList.run(GenerateMainDexList.java:41)
at com.android.tools.r8.GenerateMainDexList.run(GenerateMainDexList.java:111)
at com.android.builder.multidex.D8MainDexList.generate(D8MainDexList.java:83)
... 128 more
我的应用程序的 build.gradle 是
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android-extensions'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'
apply plugin: 'realm-android'
android {
compileSdkVersion 28
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.my.app.id"
minSdkVersion 15
targetSdkVersion 28
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
multiDexEnabled true
vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
renderscriptTargetApi 19
renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
dataBinding {
enabled true
}
buildToolsVersion '28.0.2'
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}
}
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
//kotlin
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:$kotlin_version"
//support
implementation "androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v4:$androidX"
implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:$androidX"
implementation "androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.2"
implementation "androidx.multidex:multidex:2.0.0"
implementation "androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:$androidX"
implementation "androidx.vectordrawable:vectordrawable:$androidX"
implementation "androidx.cardview:cardview:$androidX"
implementation "androidx.palette:palette:$androidX"
implementation "com.google.android.material:material:$androidX"
//architecture
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime:$architectureVersion"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:$architectureVersionExt"
implementation "androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v4:$androidX"
kapt "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-compiler:$architectureVersion"
//data binding
//kapt "androidx.databinding:databinding-compiler:3.3.0-alpha04"
//glide
//kapt "com.github.bumptech.glide:compiler:$glideVersion"
//implementation "com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:$glideVersion"
implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.8.0-SNAPSHOT'
implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:okhttp-integration:4.8.0-SNAPSHOT'
//dagger
implementation "com.google.dagger:dagger:$daggerVersion"
kapt "com.google.dagger:dagger-compiler:$daggerVersion"
implementation "com.google.dagger:dagger-android:$daggerVersion"
implementation "com.google.dagger:dagger-android-support:$daggerVersion"
// if you use the support libraries
kapt "com.google.dagger:dagger-android-processor:$daggerVersion"
//reactiveX
implementation "io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxandroid:$rxandroidVersion"
implementation "io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxjava:$rxjavaVersion"
implementation "io.reactivex.rxjava2:rxkotlin:$rxKotlinVersion"
//
implementation "com.jakewharton.rxbinding2:rxbinding:$rxBinding"
implementation "com.tbruyelle.rxpermissions2:rxpermissions:$rxPermissions"
//ucrop
implementation "com.github.yalantis:ucrop:$uCrop"
//other libraries
implementation "com.google.code.gson:gson:$gson"
implementation "com.googlecode.libphonenumber:libphonenumber:$phoneLibVersion"
//map and places
implementation "com.google.android.gms:play-services-places:$mapVersion"
implementation "com.google.android.gms:play-services-maps:$mapVersion"
//
implementation 'com.budiyev.android:circular-progress-bar:1.2.0'
//retrofit
implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:$retrofit"
implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:$retrofit"
implementation "com.squareup.retrofit2:adapter-rxjava2:$retrofit"
debugImplementation "com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:$okhttpVersion"
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test:runner:$androidX"
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.0-alpha4'
}
Project's build.gradle
buildscript {
ext.kotlin_version = '1.2.61'
ext.realmVersion ='5.4.2'
repositories {
jcenter()
maven {
name 'glide-snapshot'
url 'http://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots'
}
google()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.3.0-alpha07'
classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
classpath "io.realm:realm-gradle-plugin:$realmVersion"
//classpath 'com.github.dcendents:android-maven-gradle-plugin:2.0'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
maven {
url "https://maven.google.com"
}
maven { url "https://jitpack.io" }
maven {
name 'glide-snapshot'
url 'http://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots'
}
google()
}
gradle.projectsEvaluated {
tasks.withType(JavaCompile) {
options.compilerArgs << "-Xmaxerrs" << "1000"
}
}
}
/**
* Configure common tasks on all the submodules
*/
allprojects { project ->
// Get versions, this is where we store things
// like the list of submodules or the version
project.apply from: "$rootDir/versions.gradle"
}
task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir
}
在挣扎和挣扎并在这里和那里寻求帮助之后，我发现./gradlew app:dependencies命令提供了解决错误的重要输出。
首先，错误是Program type already present: androidx.annotation.AnimRes
Program type already present意味着存在命名冲突，在本例中为 androidx.annotation 库，该库由多个库使用。也就是说，其他库包含androidx.annotation library作为传递依赖项。要查看此库，我从项目的根文件夹(我的操作系统是 Ubuntu(打开终端并运行./gradlew app:dependencies命令。它生成了一长串配置及其依赖项。以下是摘录。
debugCompileClasspath - Resolved configuration for compilation for variant: debug
+--- androidx.databinding:databinding-common:3.3.0-alpha07
+--- androidx.databinding:databinding-runtime:3.3.0-alpha07
| +--- androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime:2.0.0-alpha1 -> 2.0.0-rc01
| | +--- androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common:2.0.0-rc01
| | | --- androidx.annotation:annotation:1.0.0-rc01 -> 1.0.0-rc02
| | +--- androidx.arch.core:core-common:2.0.0-rc01
| | | --- androidx.annotation:annotation:1.0.0-rc01 -> 1.0.0-rc02
| | --- androidx.annotation:annotation:1.0.0-rc01 -> 1.0.0-rc02
| +--- androidx.collection:collection:1.0.0-alpha1 -> 1.0.0-rc02
| | --- androidx.annotation:annotation:1.0.0-rc02
| --- androidx.databinding:databinding-common:3.3.0-alpha07
+--- androidx.databinding:databinding-adapters:3.3.0-alpha07
| +--- androidx.databinding:databinding-common:3.3.0-alpha07
| --- androidx.databinding:databinding-runtime:3.3.0-alpha07 (*)
上面的摘录显示了debugCompileClasspath配置的一些依赖项。我们可以看到，androidx.databinding:databinding-runtime:3.3.0-alpha07包含androidx.annotation:annotation:1.0.0-rc02作为传递依赖关系。
它还包含androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime:2.0.0-alpha1而又包含androidx.annotation:annotation:1.0.0-rc01。
androidx.annotation:annotation:1.0.0-rc01 -> 1.0.0-rc02表示将使用版本1.0.0-rc02而不是版本1.0.0-rc01。
以下是./gradlew app:dependencies产生的相同长输出的另一个摘录
kapt
+--- androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-compiler:2.0.0-alpha1
| +--- androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common:2.0.0-alpha1
| | --- androidx.annotation:annotation:1.0.0-alpha1
| +--- org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.2.41
| | --- org.jetbrains:annotations:13.0
| +--- com.google.auto:auto-common:0.6
| | --- com.google.guava:guava:18.0 -> 23.3-jre
| | +--- com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:1.3.9
| | +--- com.google.errorprone:error_prone_annotations:2.0.18
| | +--- com.google.j2objc:j2objc-annotations:1.1
| | --- org.codehaus.mojo:animal-sniffer-annotations:1.14
| --- com.squareup:javapoet:1.8.0
从上面，我们可以看到androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-compiler:2.0.0-alpha1包含androidx.annotation:annotation的版本1.0.0-alpha1
这意味着最后，我的模块app将有两个版本1.0.0-alpha1和1.0.0-rc02，这使得构建失败。
为了解决此错误，我只是通过在应用程序的build.gradle中添加以下代码块来删除传递依赖项
configurations {
compile.exclude group: 'androidx.annotation', module: 'annotation'
}
所以我的应用程序的build.gradle将看起来像这样
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android-extensions'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-kapt'
apply plugin: 'realm-android'
android {
//bla bla bla
}
configurations {
compile.exclude group: 'androidx.annotation', module: 'annotation'
}
dependencies {
// bla bla bla
}
之后，我只是同步，清理并重建我的项目。
为了解决这个问题，我在Android Studio终端中编写了命令./gradlew clean，瞧！
就我而言，我只是清理项目并重建它，它就起作用了。
- 构建 -> 清理项目
- 构建 -> 重建项目
我遇到了同样的错误，通过在 Gradle 中添加这些行来解决。
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
repositories {
maven {
url "http://storage.googleapis.com/r8-releases/raw/master"
}
}
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools:r8:1.6.84' // Must be before the Gradle Plugin for Android.
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.6.3'
}
在应用格拉德尔文件中添加multiDexEnabled true。
我在 CI 环境中收到此错误，因为我使用的是 docker 的 jdk8-openj9 jdk。
切换到 openjdk-8 docker 镜像解决了这个问题。