我正在使用pyqt5。我希望用户点击嵌入在我的pyqt5应用程序上的浏览器，以获得他/她正在点击的元素的XPATH。
你知道它是如何做到的吗？或者它可行吗？
为了回答这个问题，我使用了以下答案：
-
获取单击的项目：https://stackoverflow.com/a/9012576
-
获取给定项目的XPATH：https://stackoverflow.com/a/58677712
-
运行js脚本并将信息发送到python：https://stackoverflow.com/a/55294356
连接所有这些部分，您可以得到以下解决方案：
├── main.py
└── xpath_from_element.js
main.py
import os
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets, QtWebEngineWidgets, QtWebChannel
from jinja2 import Template
CURRENT_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
class Element(QtCore.QObject):
def __init__(self, name, parent=None):
super(Element, self).__init__(parent)
self._name = name
@property
def name(self):
return self._name
def script(self):
return ""
class WebEnginePage(QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEnginePage):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(WebEnginePage, self).__init__(parent)
self.loadFinished.connect(self.onLoadFinished)
self._objects = []
self._scripts = []
def add_object(self, obj):
self._objects.append(obj)
@QtCore.pyqtSlot(bool)
def onLoadFinished(self, ok):
print("Finished loading: ", ok)
if ok:
self.load_qwebchannel()
self.add_objects()
def load_qwebchannel(self):
file = QtCore.QFile(":/qtwebchannel/qwebchannel.js")
if file.open(QtCore.QIODevice.ReadOnly):
content = file.readAll()
file.close()
self.runJavaScript(content.data().decode())
if self.webChannel() is None:
channel = QtWebChannel.QWebChannel(self)
self.setWebChannel(channel)
def add_objects(self):
if self.webChannel() is not None:
objects = {obj.name: obj for obj in self._objects}
self.webChannel().registerObjects(objects)
_script = """
{% for obj in objects %}
var {{obj}};
{% endfor %}
new QWebChannel(qt.webChannelTransport, function (channel) {
{% for obj in objects %}
{{obj}} = channel.objects.{{obj}};
{% endfor %}
});
"""
self.runJavaScript(Template(_script).render(objects=objects.keys()))
for obj in self._objects:
if isinstance(obj, Element):
self.runJavaScript(obj.script())
class Helper(Element):
xpathClicked = QtCore.pyqtSignal(str)
def script(self):
js = ""
file = QtCore.QFile(os.path.join(CURRENT_DIR, "xpath_from_element.js"))
if file.open(QtCore.QIODevice.ReadOnly):
content = file.readAll()
file.close()
js = content.data().decode()
js += """
document.addEventListener('click', function(e) {
e = e || window.event;
var target = e.target || e.srcElement;
var xpath = Elements.DOMPath.xPath(target, false);
{{name}}.receive_xpath(xpath);
}, false);"""
return Template(js).render(name=self.name)
@QtCore.pyqtSlot(str)
def receive_xpath(self, xpath):
self.xpathClicked.emit(xpath)
if __name__ == "__main__":
import sys
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
xpath_helper = Helper("xpath_helper")
xpath_helper.xpathClicked.connect(lambda xpath: print("clicked", xpath))
view = QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineView()
page = WebEnginePage()
page.add_object(xpath_helper)
view.setPage(page)
view.load(QtCore.QUrl("https://www.qt.io"))
view.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
xpath_from_element.js
// Copyright 2018 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
Elements = {};
Elements.DOMPath = {};
/**
* @param {!Node} node
* @param {boolean=} optimized
* @return {string}
*/
Elements.DOMPath.xPath = function (node, optimized) {
if (node.nodeType === Node.DOCUMENT_NODE) {
return '/';
}
const steps = [];
let contextNode = node;
while (contextNode) {
const step = Elements.DOMPath._xPathValue(contextNode, optimized);
if (!step) {
break;
} // Error - bail out early.
steps.push(step);
if (step.optimized) {
break;
}
contextNode = contextNode.parentNode;
}
steps.reverse();
return (steps.length && steps[0].optimized ? '' : '/') + steps.join('/');
};
/**
* @param {!Node} node
* @param {boolean=} optimized
* @return {?Elements.DOMPath.Step}
*/
Elements.DOMPath._xPathValue = function (node, optimized) {
let ownValue;
const ownIndex = Elements.DOMPath._xPathIndex(node);
if (ownIndex === -1) {
return null;
} // Error.
switch (node.nodeType) {
case Node.ELEMENT_NODE:
if (optimized && node.getAttribute('id')) {
return new Elements.DOMPath.Step('//*[@id="' + node.getAttribute('id') + '"]', true);
}
ownValue = node.localName;
break;
case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
ownValue = '@' + node.nodeName;
break;
case Node.TEXT_NODE:
case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
ownValue = 'text()';
break;
case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
ownValue = 'processing-instruction()';
break;
case Node.COMMENT_NODE:
ownValue = 'comment()';
break;
case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:
ownValue = '';
break;
default:
ownValue = '';
break;
}
if (ownIndex > 0) {
ownValue += '[' + ownIndex + ']';
}
return new Elements.DOMPath.Step(ownValue, node.nodeType === Node.DOCUMENT_NODE);
};
/**
* @param {!Node} node
* @return {number}
*/
Elements.DOMPath._xPathIndex = function (node) {
// Returns -1 in case of error, 0 if no siblings matching the same expression,
// <XPath index among the same expression-matching sibling nodes> otherwise.
function areNodesSimilar(left, right) {
if (left === right) {
return true;
}
if (left.nodeType === Node.ELEMENT_NODE && right.nodeType === Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
return left.localName === right.localName;
}
if (left.nodeType === right.nodeType) {
return true;
}
// XPath treats CDATA as text nodes.
const leftType = left.nodeType === Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE ? Node.TEXT_NODE : left.nodeType;
const rightType = right.nodeType === Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE ? Node.TEXT_NODE : right.nodeType;
return leftType === rightType;
}
const siblings = node.parentNode ? node.parentNode.children : null;
if (!siblings) {
return 0;
} // Root node - no siblings.
let hasSameNamedElements;
for (let i = 0; i < siblings.length; ++i) {
if (areNodesSimilar(node, siblings[i]) && siblings[i] !== node) {
hasSameNamedElements = true;
break;
}
}
if (!hasSameNamedElements) {
return 0;
}
let ownIndex = 1; // XPath indices start with 1.
for (let i = 0; i < siblings.length; ++i) {
if (areNodesSimilar(node, siblings[i])) {
if (siblings[i] === node) {
return ownIndex;
}
++ownIndex;
}
}
return -1; // An error occurred: |node| not found in parent's children.
};
/**
* @unrestricted
*/
Elements.DOMPath.Step = class {
/**
* @param {string} value
* @param {boolean} optimized
*/
constructor(value, optimized) {
this.value = value;
this.optimized = optimized || false;
}
/**
* @override
* @return {string}
*/
toString() {
return this.value;
}
};