JNI 错误 - 使用 Maven 构建的可执行 Jar 从命令行运行时找不到 Spring 库

Question

我有一个使用 Maven 构建的可执行 jar，如果从 Eclipse 执行，工作正常，但是当使用">java -jar 文件名.jar"从命令行执行时无法执行。

我尝试为可执行 jar 进行mvn -U 全新安装，然后尝试再次运行它，但不断收到相同的错误。我仔细检查了与 Spring 相关的库是否已经存在于机器上的 .m2 存储库中。

下面是错误：

Error: A JNI error has occurred, please check your installation and try again
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/c
ontext/ApplicationContext
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Unknown Source)
at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.validateMainClass(Unknown Source)
at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.context.Applica
tionContext
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
... 7 more
What am I doing wrong/missing?

这是我的绒球.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>finesse-config</groupId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>eap</id>
<url>http://maven.repository.redhat.com/techpreview/all</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
<repository>
<id>central</id>
<name>myCompany Central Repository</name>
<url>http://repo-art.myCompany.com/artifactory/repo</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
<updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy>
<checksumPolicy>warn</checksumPolicy>
</snapshots>
</repository>       
</repositories>    
<build>
<sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source/>
<target/>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!--  Maven-plugin below is used to pass parameters to the Main Class to execute -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>com.myCompany.ccat.finesse.BackupOrchestrator</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jettison</groupId>
<artifactId>jettison</artifactId>
<version>1.3.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.25</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.spullara.mustache.java</groupId>
<artifactId>compiler</artifactId>
<version>0.8.18</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<artifactId>finesse-config</artifactId>
</project>

Answer 1

在打包可运行的 JAR 时，它非常特别。阅读官方参考： http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/

和现有解决方案：如何使用 Maven 创建具有依赖项的可执行 JAR？

(提示：Spring Boot 可以非常简单有效地创建可执行的 JAR：https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/deployment-install.html )