我在嘲笑Spring框架内注入到其他服务中的服务时遇到了问题。这是我的代码:
@Service("productService")
public class ProductServiceImpl implements ProductService {
@Autowired
private ClientService clientService;
public void doSomething(Long clientId) {
Client client = clientService.getById(clientId);
// do something
}
}
我想在测试中模拟ClientService
,所以我尝试了以下方法:
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/spring-config.xml" })
public class ProductServiceTest {
@Autowired
private ProductService productService;
@Mock
private ClientService clientService;
@Test
public void testDoSomething() throws Exception {
when(clientService.getById(anyLong()))
.thenReturn(this.generateClient());
/* when I call this method, I want the clientService
* inside productService to be the mock that one I mocked
* in this test, but instead, it is injecting the Spring
* proxy version of clientService, not my mock.. :(
*/
productService.doSomething(new Long(1));
}
@Before
public void beforeTests() throws Exception {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
}
private Client generateClient() {
Client client = new Client();
client.setName("Foo");
return client;
}
}
productService
里面clientService
是Spring代理版本,而不是我想要的模拟版本。有没有可能用Mockito做我想做的事?
您需要用@InjectMocks
注释ProductService
:
@Autowired
@InjectMocks
private ProductService productService;
这会将ClientService
模拟注入您的ProductService
。
还有更多方法可以实现这一点,最简单的方法是don't use field injection, but setter injection
这意味着您应该拥有:
@Autowired
public void setClientService(ClientService clientService){...}
在服务类中,您可以将模拟注入到测试类中的服务:
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
productService.setClientService(mock);
}
important:
如果这只是一个单元测试,请考虑不要使用 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class
,而是 MockitoJunitRunner.class
,以便您也可以为您的字段使用字段注入。
除了
@Autowired
@InjectMocks
private ProductService productService;
添加以下方法
@Before
public void setup() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
}
建议你用@InjectMock
注释Test target
现在
@Autowired
private ProductService productService;
@Mock
private ClientService clientService;
更改为
@InjectMock
private ProductService productService;
@Mock
private ClientService clientService;
如果你仍然有 MockingService 的 NullPointerException =>你可以使用 Mockito.any() 作为参数。希望它能帮助你。