Web.config转换以及搜索和替换

Question

我需要在web.config中切换出多个WCF服务中的一个IP地址。通过web.config转换，除了通过xpath指定每个地址外，还有什么方法可以创建搜索和替换语句。例如，对于1.2.3.4 的所有实例，用4.3.2.1切换IP地址1.2.3.4

Answer 1

假设你的Web.config是这样的（一个简化的场景，但//在XPath中无处不在）：

<configuration>
    <endpoint address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint address="1.2.3.4" />
</configuration>

那么你需要这样的东西：

<?xml version="1.0"?>    
<!-- For more information on using web.config transformation visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=125889 -->    
<configuration xmlns:xdt="http://schemas.microsoft.com/XML-Document-Transform">
    <replaceAll>
        <endpontAddresses xdt:Locator="XPath(//endpoint[@address='1.2.3.4'])" xdt:Transform="SetAttributes(address)" address="4.3.2.1" />
    </replaceAll>
</configuration>

注意：此XPath将查找整个Web.config中的每个元素，并检查给定元素是否具有值等于"1.2.3.4"的address属性。如果你需要更通用的东西，那么试试这个：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
    <!-- For more information on using web.config transformation visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=125889 -->    
    <configuration xmlns:xdt="http://schemas.microsoft.com/XML-Document-Transform">
        <replaceAll>
            <endpontAddresses xdt:Locator="XPath(//*[@address='1.2.3.4'])" xdt:Transform="SetAttributes(address)" address="4.3.2.1" />
        </replaceAll>
    </configuration>

这将查看每个XML元素（由于星号：*），并检查它是否具有值等于"1.2.3.4"的地址属性。因此，这将适用于这样的文件：

<configuration>
    <endpoint name="serviceA" address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint name="serviceB" address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint name="serviceC" address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint2 address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint3 address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint4 address="1.2.3.4" />
    <innerSection>
    <endpoint address="1.2.3.4" />
    <anotherEndpoint address="1.2.3.4" />
    <sampleXmlElement address="1.2.3.4" />
    </innerSection>
</configuration>

现在，如果您想将替换限制在某个部分，即<system.serviceModel>，那么您可以使用如下XPath：

    <endpontAddresses xdt:Locator="XPath(/configuration/system.serviceModel//*[@address='1.2.3.4'])" xdt:Transform="SetAttributes(address)" address="4.3.2.1" />

这将仅更新<system.serviceModel>部分中的地址

<configuration>
    <endpoint name="serviceA" address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint name="serviceB" address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint name="serviceC" address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint2 address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint3 address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint4 address="1.2.3.4" />
    <innerSection>
    <endpoint address="1.2.3.4" />
    <anotherEndpoint address="1.2.3.4" />
    <sampleXmlElement address="1.2.3.4" />
    </innerSection>
    <system.serviceModel>
    <endpoint name="serviceB" address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint name="serviceC" address="1.2.3.4" />
    <endpoint2 address="1.2.3.4" />
    <innerSection>
      <endpoint address="1.2.3.4" />
      <anotherEndpoint address="1.2.3.4" />
      <sampleXmlElement address="1.2.3.4" />
      </innerSection>
    </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

试试看，选择最适合你需求的。

注意：这有一个限制，即您需要指定包含IP（1.2.3.4）的属性的名称，但我认为最好是显式的，而不是在这里发生魔术。如果您有许多属性名称，只需重复