手动从图像中提取边界并防止所选点重叠

Question

我正在尝试将图像边界导入CAD建模软件。为此，我正在从此图像中手动选择边界。我使用的代码如下：

I = imread('image.jpg'); %image file name
imshow(I);
uiwait(msgbox('Left click to choose points. Right click to exit')); 
n = 0;
while true
[x, y, button] = ginput(1);hold on;
if isempty(x) || button(1) ~= 1; break; end
n = n+1;
x_n(n) = x; % save all points you continue getting
y_n(n) = y;
plot(x,y,'-o',...
'LineWidth',2,...
'MarkerEdgeColor','k',...
'MarkerFaceColor',[.49 1 .63],...
'MarkerSize',10);
end
figure;
x_n=x_n';
y_n=y_n';
plot(x_n,y_n);
A=[x_n,y_n];

选择边界上的点(如此图所示(在 CAD 软件模型中给出以下结果。边界重叠是由于 CAD 软件中绘制线条的方式造成的，如下所示：

s1.Line(point1=(-0.131218,39.556604),point2=(1.762436,40.503431))
s1.Line(point1=(1.762436,40.503431),point2=(4.602916,38.136364))
s1.Line(point1=(4.602916,38.136364),point2=(9.337050,31.035163))
s1.Line(point1=(9.337050,31.035163),point2=(11.230703,23.460549))
s1.Line(point1=(11.230703,23.460549),point2=(14.544597,17.779588))
s1.Line(point1=(14.544597,17.779588),point2=(15.491424,12.572041))
s1.Line(point1=(15.491424,12.572041),point2=(16.438250,6.417667))
s1.Line(point1=(16.438250,6.417667),point2=(17.385077,2.156947))
s1.Line(point1=(17.385077,2.156947),point2=(21.645798,5.944254))
s1.Line(point1=(21.645798,5.944254),point2=(26.853345,8.784734))
s1.Line(point1=(26.853345,8.784734),point2=(31.114065,11.625214))
s1.Line(point1=(31.114065,11.625214),point2=(35.848199,13.045455))
s1.Line(point1=(35.848199,13.045455),point2=(40.582333,14.939108))

有没有办法通过暂停选择来防止选择过程中的重叠？或者关于如何有效地制作模型的任何其他建议？我曾尝试使用图像处理来确定边界。但是，我无法考虑将图像坐标转换为CAD软件模型。

Answer 1

可能的解决方案是从所选点创建一个多边形，而不是将所选点添加到x_n，y_n是否有线交叉。

该代码使用多形状函数来创建多边形对象：

clearvars
I = imread('image.jpg'); %image file name
imshow(I);
uiwait(msgbox('Left click to choose points. Right click to exit')); 
warning('Off', 'MATLAB:polyshape:repairedBySimplify'); %Disable warning "Polyshape has duplicate vertices, intersections..."
n = 0;
h_pgon = [];
while true
[x, y, button] = ginput(1);hold on;
if isempty(x) || button(1) ~= 1; break; end
n = n+1;
%Save points to temporary arrays
tmp_x_n(n) = x; % save all points you continue getting
tmp_y_n(n) = y;
is_overlapping = false;
if n > 2
%Check if there is "overlapping during selection":
%Creates a polygon object
pgon = polyshape(tmp_x_n, tmp_y_n);
if (pgon.NumRegions > 1) || (pgon.NumHoles > 0)
%There are intersections, so don't add the new x, y to x_n, y_n.
disp('Overlapping!'); %Print "Overlapping!" for testing.
is_overlapping = true;
n = n - 1;
end
end
if ~is_overlapping
%There is no overlapping - copy tmp_x_n, tmp_y_n to x_n, y_n.
x_n = tmp_x_n;
y_n = tmp_y_n;
plot(x,y,'-o',...
'LineWidth',2,...
'MarkerEdgeColor','k',...
'MarkerFaceColor',[.49 1 .63],...
'MarkerSize',10);        
%Plot polygon for testing
if n > 2
if isobject(h_pgon), delete(h_pgon);end %Delete previouse polygon.
h_pgon = plot(pgon);
end
end   
end
figure;
x_n=x_n';
y_n=y_n';
plot(x_n,y_n);
A=[x_n,y_n];