小贝子编程

JavaFX-包含带有事件的fxml



我目前正试图用JavaFX实现一个非常基本的应用程序，只是为了做一些测试。这里的最终目标是实现一个分为几个部分的接口，每个部分都有自己的.fxm和控制器。

一开始，我尝试用这个体系结构开发一个基本的应用程序：

项目浏览器

我有一个主要的VueGlobale.fxml文件，其中包括另一个.fxml文件clavier.fxml:

VueGlobale.fxml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.HBox?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.VBox?>
<VBox
maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="400.0" prefWidth="529.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.121" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1">
<children>
<fx:include source="clavier.fxml" fx:id="clavier" />
</children>
</VBox>

clavier.fxml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.Button?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane?>
<AnchorPane maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="400.0" prefWidth="600.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.141" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="controllers.ClavierController">
<children>
<Button layoutX="274.0" layoutY="188.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#ajouterDo" text="Button" />
</children>
</AnchorPane>

这是ClavierController.fxml：封装控制器；

import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import model.Model;
public class ClavierController  {
private Model model;
public ClavierController(Model m) {
this.model = m;
}
@FXML
public void ajouterDo(ActionEvent e){
System.out.println("Click !");
this.model.doSomething();
}
}

模型包模型；公共类模型｛

public void doSomething() {
System.out.println("Model !");
}

}

主

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
public class Main extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception{
FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();
loader.setLocation(getClass().getResource("views/VueGlobale.fxml"));
Parent root = loader.load();
primaryStage.setTitle("Test");
primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 300, 275));
primaryStage.show();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
}

问题是：我不知道该怎么做，这样我就可以给我的clavier.xml一个ClavierController(m型)。(它使用的是一个没有参数的控制器，但如果我需要精确的参数怎么办？)

这是StackTrace，如果它能帮助你的话：

Exception in Application start method
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplicationWithArgs(LauncherImpl.java:389)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:328)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper$FXHelper.main(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Exception in Application start method
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:917)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication$155(LauncherImpl.java:182)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: javafx.fxml.LoadException: 
/J:/Programming/Telecom%20Nancy/S3/Test/bin/views/clavier.fxml:6
/J:/Programming/Telecom%20Nancy/S3/Test/bin/views/VueGlobale.fxml:9
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.constructLoadException(FXMLLoader.java:2601)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.access$700(FXMLLoader.java:103)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$ValueElement.processAttribute(FXMLLoader.java:932)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$InstanceDeclarationElement.processAttribute(FXMLLoader.java:971)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$Element.processStartElement(FXMLLoader.java:220)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$ValueElement.processStartElement(FXMLLoader.java:744)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.processStartElement(FXMLLoader.java:2707)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:2527)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:2441)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.access$2700(FXMLLoader.java:103)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$IncludeElement.constructValue(FXMLLoader.java:1143)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$ValueElement.processStartElement(FXMLLoader.java:746)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.processStartElement(FXMLLoader.java:2707)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:2527)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:2441)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(FXMLLoader.java:2409)
at Main.start(Main.java:14)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication1$162(LauncherImpl.java:863)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runAndWait$175(PlatformImpl.java:326)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$null$173(PlatformImpl.java:295)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$174(PlatformImpl.java:294)
at com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(InvokeLaterDispatcher.java:95)
at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$null$148(WinApplication.java:191)
... 1 more
Caused by: java.lang.InstantiationException: controllers.ClavierController
at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader$ValueElement.processAttribute(FXMLLoader.java:927)
... 23 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: controllers.ClavierController.<init>()
at java.lang.Class.getConstructor0(Unknown Source)
... 26 more
Exception running application Main

提前感谢您的帮助和抽出时间，祝您今天愉快。

编辑：

通过包括几个fxml，我的意思是：

VueGlobale.fxml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.HBox?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.VBox?>
<VBox
maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="400.0" prefWidth="529.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.121" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1">
<children>
<fx:include source="viewtop.fxml" fx:id="top" />
</children>
<children>
<fx:include source="clavier.fxml" fx:id="clavier" />
</children>
<children>
<fx:include source="viewbottom.fxml" fx:id="bottom" />
</children>
</VBox>

所以我的VueGlobale.fxml中包含了三个.fxml文件。让我们假设所有这些.fxml都有自己的控制器(ClavierController.java、TopController.jav、BottomController.jva)。所有这些控制器都需要模型。我应该在我的主工厂做什么？这样的东西不起作用：

import controllers.ClavierController;
import controllers.TopController;
import controllers.BottomController;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import model.Model;
public class Main extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception{
Model m = new Model();
FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();
loader.setLocation(getClass().getResource("views/VueGlobale.fxml"));
loader.setControllerFactory(ic -> new ClavierController(m));
loader.setControllerFactory(ic -> new TopController(m));
loader.setControllerFactory(ic -> new BottomController(m));
Parent root = loader.load();
primaryStage.setTitle("Test");
primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 300, 275));
primaryStage.show();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
}

ButtonPane.fxml
----------------
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import com.jfoenix.controls.*?>
<?import java.lang.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane?>
<AnchorPane fx:id="buttonPane" maxHeight="1.7976931348623157E308" maxWidth="1.7976931348623157E308" prefHeight="30.0" prefWidth="700.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="com.everest.amcu.ButtonPaneController">
<children>
<HBox fx:id="hboxButton" alignment="CENTER_LEFT" maxHeight="1.7976931348623157E308" maxWidth="1.7976931348623157E308" spacing="5.0" AnchorPane.bottomAnchor="0.0" AnchorPane.leftAnchor="0.0" AnchorPane.rightAnchor="0.0" AnchorPane.topAnchor="0.0">
<children>
<JFXButton fx:id="btnAdd" maxHeight="1.7976931348623157E308" maxWidth="100.0" prefWidth="50.0" text="Add" HBox.hgrow="ALWAYS" />
<JFXButton fx:id="btnEdit" layoutX="10.0" layoutY="10.0" maxHeight="1.7976931348623157E308" maxWidth="100.0" prefWidth="50.0" text="Edit" HBox.hgrow="ALWAYS" />
<JFXButton fx:id="btnDelete" layoutX="62.0" layoutY="10.0" maxHeight="1.7976931348623157E308" maxWidth="100.0" prefWidth="50.0" text="Delete" HBox.hgrow="ALWAYS" />
<JFXButton fx:id="btnClose" layoutX="114.0" layoutY="10.0" maxHeight="1.7976931348623157E308" maxWidth="100.0" prefWidth="50.0" text="Close" HBox.hgrow="ALWAYS" />
</children>
</HBox>
</children>
</AnchorPane>

PaneOne.fxml
---------------    
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane?>
<AnchorPane xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1"       fx:controller="com.everest.amcu.PaneOneController">     
<fx:include source="ButtonPane.fxml" fx:id="buttonPane" /> </AnchorPane>
ButtonPaneController
--------------------
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import com.jfoenix.controls.JFXButton;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.fxml.Initializable;
import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.HBox;
public class ButtonPaneController implements Initializable {
@FXML
public JFXButton btnClose;
@FXML
public JFXButton btnDelete;
@FXML
public JFXButton btnAdd;
@FXML
public JFXButton btnEdit;
@FXML
private AnchorPane buttonPane;
@FXML
private HBox hboxButton;
@Override
public void initialize(URL location, ResourceBundle resources) {
btnClose.setOnAction(event -> {
System.out.println("In Button Pane");
});
btnAdd.setOnAction(event -> {
System.out.println("In Button Pane");
});
}
public void hideButton(JFXButton... jfxButton) {
for (int i = 0; i < jfxButton.length; i++) {
hboxButton.getChildren().remove(jfxButton[i]);
}
}
}
PaneOneController
------------------
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.fxml.Initializable;
public class PaneOneController implements Initializable {
@FXML
ButtonPaneController buttonPaneController;
@Override
public void initialize(URL location, ResourceBundle resources) {
buttonPaneController.btnAdd.setOnAction(event -> {
System.out.println("In Pane One");
});
}
}
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Label;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.stage.StageStyle;
public class Main extends Application {
public static Stage primaryStage;
public static Label lblTitle;
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
try {
Main.primaryStage = primaryStage;
Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(Main.class.getResource("view/PaneOne.fxml"));
Scene scene = new Scene(root);
scene.getStylesheets().add(Main.class.getResource("view/css/application.css").toExternalForm());
primaryStage.setScene(scene);
primaryStage.initStyle(StageStyle.UNDECORATED);
primaryStage.show();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
}

这样做的步骤：

  1. 创建ButtonPane.fxml并声明锚点窗格的id和所有按钮
  2. 创建PaneOne.fxml并使用
    包含Button.fxml，重要的是当您包含fxml时必须声明id与ButtonPane.fxml的锚定窗格id相同
  3. 为初始化变量创建ButtonPaneController
  4. 创建PaneOneController并使用声明ButtonPaneController@FXML注释
  5. 运行程序，它与按钮的动作事件配合良好

controllerFactory是一个与任何其他属性一样的属性。如果你设置了它的值，它就有这个值，所以在连续的三行代码中将它的值设置为三个不同的东西是没有意义的。

您可以创建一个控制器工厂，只需检查参数并返回适当的控制器：

public class Main extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception{
Model m = new Model();
FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();
loader.setLocation(getClass().getResource("views/VueGlobale.fxml"));
loader.setControllerFactory(ic -> {
if (ic == ClavierController.class) {
return new ClavierController(m);
} else if (ic == TopController.class) {
return new TopController(m);
} else if (ic == BottomController.class) {
return new BottomController(m) ;
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected controller type: "+ic.getName());
});
Parent root = loader.load();
primaryStage.setTitle("Test");
primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 300, 275));
primaryStage.show();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
}

您还可以使用反射来实现类似"如果提供的控制器类有一个采用模型的构造函数，则调用该构造函数并传入模型，否则调用默认构造函数"的逻辑：

loader.setControllerFactory(ic -> {
try {
for (Constructor<?> c : ic.getConstructors()) {
if (c.getParameterCount() == 1 && c.getParameterTypes()[0]==Model.class) {
return c.newInstance(m);
}
}
return ic.newInstance();
} catch (Exception e) {
// fatal...
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
});

不过，对于你想要实现的目标来说，这一切都有点苛刻。您只是试图将模型传递给嵌套的控制器(通过<fx:include>加载的FXML文件的控制器)。文档明确提供了一种基于注入的方法。

具体来说，如果您的"主"FXML将fx:ids添加到<fx:include>s，则可以将控制器注入到主控制器中。所以你可以做一些类似的事情：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.HBox?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.VBox?>
<VBox
maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="400.0" prefWidth="529.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8.0.121" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1">
<children>
<fx:include source="viewtop.fxml" fx:id="top" />
</children>
<children>
<fx:include source="clavier.fxml" fx:id="clavier" />
</children>
<children>
<fx:include source="viewbottom.fxml" fx:id="bottom" />
</children>
</VBox>

现在为这个FXML文件定义一个"主"控制器：

public class MainController {
@FXML
private Parent top ;
@FXML
private Parent clavier ;
@FXML
private Parent bottom ;
@FXML
private TopController topController ;
@FXML
private ClavierController clavierController ;
@FXML
private BottomController bottomController ;
private final Model model ;
public MainController(Model model) {
this.model = model ;
}
@FXML
public void initialize() {
topController.setModel(model);
clavierController.setModel(model);
bottomController.setModel(model);
}
// ...
}

只需使用适当的方法定义"嵌套"控制器即可设置模型：

public class TopController {
private Model model ;
public void setModel(Model model) {
this.model = model ;
}
@FXML
private void someHandlerMethod(ActionEvent event) {
model.doSomething();
}
}

最后用加载您的主fxml

Model model = new Model();
FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader(getClass().getResource("/path/to/fxml"));
loader.setController(new MainController(model));
Parent root = loader.load();

一切都应该很好。

相关内容

最新更新


热门标签：

javascript python java c# php android html jquery c++ css ios sql mysql arrays asp.net json python-3.x ruby-on-rails .net sql-server django objective-c excel regex ruby linux ajax iphone xml vba spring asp.net-mvc database wordpress string postgresql wpf windows xcode bash git oracle list vb.net multithreading eclipse algorithm macos powershell visual-studio image forms numpy scala function api selenium