如何在下面的代码中根据我的喜好设置 JTextArea 和 JTextField 的大小

Question

忽略该功能。我只对图形用户界面感兴趣。

我使用了一个名为mainPanel的JPanel组件，并添加了一个名为receivingWindow的JTextArea和一个名为sendWindow的JTextField。

接收窗口和发送窗口占用了整个帧空间，尽管我在以下行中指定了它们的大小：

receivingWindow = new JTextArea(50,50);
sendWindow = new JTextField(30);

如何根据自己的喜好设置它们的大小？

以下是完整的代码：

package hf;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.event.*;
public class ChatClient 
{
    private JFrame frame;
    private JTextArea receivingWindow;
    private JTextField sendWindow;
    private JButton sendButton;
    private JPanel mainPanel;
    private Socket connectionSocket;
    private final static int serverPortNumber = 5000;
    private PrintWriter printWriter;
    private BufferedReader incomingReader;
    private InputStreamReader incomingInputStreamReader;
    private JScrollPane scrollPane;
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        ChatClient chatClient = new ChatClient();
        chatClient.startUp();
    }
    public void startUp()
    {
        setUpGui();
        setUpNetworking();
        handleEvents();
        setUpListenerThread();
        displayFrame();
    }
    private void setUpGui()
    {
        frame = new JFrame("Chat Client");
        receivingWindow = new JTextArea(50,50);
        sendWindow = new JTextField(30);
        sendButton = new JButton("Send");
        mainPanel = new JPanel();
        mainPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(mainPanel,BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS));
        scrollPane = new JScrollPane(receivingWindow);
        scrollPane.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(ScrollPaneConstants.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_NEVER);
        scrollPane.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(ScrollPaneConstants.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS);
        mainPanel.add(scrollPane);
        mainPanel.add(sendWindow);
        mainPanel.add(sendButton);
        frame.getContentPane().add(BorderLayout.CENTER, mainPanel);
    }
    private void handleEvents()
    {
        sendButton.addActionListener(new MySendButtonListener());
    }
    private void setUpNetworking()
    {
        try
        {
            connectionSocket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",serverPortNumber);
            printWriter = new PrintWriter(connectionSocket.getOutputStream());
            incomingInputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(connectionSocket.getInputStream());
            incomingReader = new BufferedReader(incomingInputStreamReader);
        }
        catch(Exception ex)
        {
            System.out.println("Error in connecting to the server.");
        }
    }
    private class MySendButtonListener implements ActionListener
    {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event)
        {
            String message = sendWindow.getText();
            printWriter.println(message);
            printWriter.flush();
            sendWindow.setText("");
            sendWindow.requestFocus();
        }
    }
    private void setUpListenerThread()
    {
        try
        {
            Runnable incomingThread = new IncomingMessageRunnable();
            Thread thread = new Thread(incomingThread);
            thread.start();
        }
        catch(Exception ex)
        {
            System.out.println("Error in setting up thread for listening to incoming menssages.");
        }
    }
    private class IncomingMessageRunnable implements Runnable
    {
        public void run()
        {
            String incomingMessage = null;
            try
            {
                while((incomingMessage = incomingReader.readLine())!=null)
                {
                    receivingWindow.append(incomingMessage+"n");
                }
            }
            catch(Exception e)
            {
                System.out.println("Error in receiving incoming messages");
            }
        }
    }
    private void displayFrame()
    {
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setSize(500, 500);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

Answer 1

您在代码中指定的实际上不是面板上的大小，而是您的JTextField和JTextArea分别有多少列和多少行或列。来自 Oracle Docs：

JTextArea(int rows, int columns)
    Constructs a new empty TextArea with the specified number of rows and columns.
JTextField(int columns)
    Constructs a new empty TextField with the specified number of columns.

您的

组件占用了整个屏幕空间，因为您的BoxLayout适合添加到面板的每个组件，并在尊重其最大尺寸的同时将它们垂直对齐，并且由于您没有设置任何组件，它们似乎正在填满整个空间。

无论如何，我都不会尝试存档像素完美的 GUI，而是找到一个更好的LayoutManager来存档您的想法。我建议您查看布局管理器的可视化指南，看看哪种布局最适合您的需求。