Rails+YAML:从application.yml加载YAML数据时出现解析错误

Question

要用机场名称为数据库种子，我使用application.yml定义机场集合：

AIRPORTS:
  - name: "Charles de Gaulle"
    city: "Paris"
    country: "France"
  - name: "Orly"
    city: "Paris"
    country: "France"

使用Rails命令（Rails c）进行测试，我得到了：

2.0.0-p247 :001 > ENV['AIRPORTS']
 => "[{"name"=>"Charles de Gaulle", "city"=>"Paris", "country"=>"France"}, {"name"=>"Orly", "city"=>"Paris", "country"=>"France"}]"

那是一根绳子！然后，当输入以下内容时，我出现了一个错误：

2.0.0-p247 :002 > YAML.load(ENV['AIRPORTS'])
Psych::SyntaxError: (<unknown>): did not find expected ',' or '}' while parsing a flow mapping at line 1 column 2
from /Users/Hassen/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/psych.rb:205:in `parse'
from /Users/Hassen/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/psych.rb:205:in `parse_stream'
from /Users/Hassen/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/psych.rb:153:in `parse'
from /Users/Hassen/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/2.0.0/psych.rb:129:in `load'
from (irb):2
from /Users/Hassen/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:47:in `start'
from /Users/Hassen/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:8:in `start'
from /Users/Hassen/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p247/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/commands.rb:41:in `<top (required)>'
from script/rails:6:in `require'
from script/rails:6:in `<main>'

我所期望的（我想要的）是有一个对象数组，这样我就可以用以下代码为数据库种子：

YAML.load(ENV['AIRPORTS']).each do |airport|
    AirPort.create airport
    puts 'airport created: ' << airport.name
end

谢谢，

Answer 1

使用figaro gem可以实现以下功能：

(eval ENV["AIRPORTS"]).each do |params|
  Airport.create! params
  puts "Airport created: #{params["name"]}"

我通常使用一个简单的初始化器load_config.rb，比如：

YAML.load_file(Rails.root.join('config', 'application.yml'))['AIRPORTS'].each |params|
  Airport.create! params
  puts "Airport created #{params['name']}"
end