OpenGL只是渲染一个黑色的方块

Question

我正在尝试学习OpenGL并从 LearnOpenGL.com 下载漫射照明的源代码。我确保所有库和文件都已链接，并且程序可以编译和运行。但是，在运行程序时，我收到以下错误：

错误：：着色器：：FILE_NOT_SUCCESFULLY_READ 错误：:P ROGRAM_LINKING_ERROR 类型： 程序

顶点信息

(0(：错误 C5145：必须写入gl_Position

---

键盘和鼠标输入也未注册。代码实际上是从他们的 Github 复制粘贴的，我尝试调试但不知道从哪里开始。请帮助我修复使其正常运行。

图片链接：https://i.stack.imgur.com/lGqYA.png

basic_lighting_diffuse.cpp：

#include <glad/glad.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <glm/glm.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
#include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp>
//#include <learnopengl/filesystem.h>
#include <learnopengl/shader_m.h>
#include <learnopengl/camera.h>
#include <iostream>
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height);
void mouse_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xpos, double ypos);
void scroll_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xoffset, double yoffset);
void processInput(GLFWwindow *window);
// settings
const unsigned int SCR_WIDTH = 800;
const unsigned int SCR_HEIGHT = 600;
// camera
Camera camera(glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 3.0f));
float lastX = SCR_WIDTH / 2.0f;
float lastY = SCR_HEIGHT / 2.0f;
bool firstMouse = true;
// timing
float deltaTime = 0.0f; 
float lastFrame = 0.0f;
// lighting
glm::vec3 lightPos(1.2f, 1.0f, 2.0f);
int main()
{
// glfw: initialize and configure
// ------------------------------
glfwInit();
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);
#ifdef __APPLE__
glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_FORWARD_COMPAT, GL_TRUE); // uncomment this statement to fix compilation on OS X
#endif
// glfw window creation
// --------------------
GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(SCR_WIDTH, SCR_HEIGHT, "LearnOpenGL", NULL, NULL);
if (window == NULL)
{
std::cout << "Failed to create GLFW window" << std::endl;
glfwTerminate();
return -1;
}
glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
glfwSetFramebufferSizeCallback(window, framebuffer_size_callback);
glfwSetCursorPosCallback(window, mouse_callback);
glfwSetScrollCallback(window, scroll_callback);
// tell GLFW to capture our mouse
glfwSetInputMode(window, GLFW_CURSOR, GLFW_CURSOR_DISABLED);
// glad: load all OpenGL function pointers
// ---------------------------------------
if (!gladLoadGLLoader((GLADloadproc)glfwGetProcAddress))
{
std::cout << "Failed to initialize GLAD" << std::endl;
return -1;
}
// configure global opengl state
// -----------------------------
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
// build and compile our shader zprogram
// ------------------------------------
Shader lightingShader("2.1.basic_lighting.vs", "2.1.basic_lighting.fs");
Shader lampShader("2.1.lamp.vs", "2.1.lamp.fs");
// set up vertex data (and buffer(s)) and configure vertex attributes
// ------------------------------------------------------------------
float vertices[] = {
-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
-0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f, -1.0f,
-0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,
0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,
0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,
0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,
-0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,
-0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  0.0f,  1.0f,
-0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
-0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
-0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
-0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f, -1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  1.0f,  0.0f,  0.0f,
-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,
0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,
0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,
0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,
-0.5f, -0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,
-0.5f, -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f, -1.0f,  0.0f,
-0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,
0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,
0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,
0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,
-0.5f,  0.5f,  0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f,
-0.5f,  0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f
};
// first, configure the cube's VAO (and VBO)
unsigned int VBO, cubeVAO;
glGenVertexArrays(1, &cubeVAO);
glGenBuffers(1, &VBO);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glBindVertexArray(cubeVAO);
// position attribute
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
// normal attribute
glVertexAttribPointer(1, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)(3 * sizeof(float)));
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);

// second, configure the light's VAO (VBO stays the same; the vertices are the same for the light object which is also a 3D cube)
unsigned int lightVAO;
glGenVertexArrays(1, &lightVAO);
glBindVertexArray(lightVAO);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);
// note that we update the lamp's position attribute's stride to reflect the updated buffer data
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 6 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);

// render loop
// -----------
while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
{
// per-frame time logic
// --------------------
float currentFrame = glfwGetTime();
deltaTime = currentFrame - lastFrame;
lastFrame = currentFrame;
// input
// -----
processInput(window);
// render
// ------
glClearColor(0.1f, 0.1f, 0.1f, 1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
// be sure to activate shader when setting uniforms/drawing objects
lightingShader.use();
lightingShader.setVec3("objectColor", 1.0f, 0.5f, 0.31f);
lightingShader.setVec3("lightColor", 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
lightingShader.setVec3("lightPos", lightPos);
// view/projection transformations
glm::mat4 projection = glm::perspective(glm::radians(camera.Zoom), (float)SCR_WIDTH / (float)SCR_HEIGHT, 0.1f, 100.0f);
glm::mat4 view = camera.GetViewMatrix();
lightingShader.setMat4("projection", projection);
lightingShader.setMat4("view", view);
// world transformation
glm::mat4 model = glm::mat4(1.0f);
lightingShader.setMat4("model", model);
//// render the cube
//glBindVertexArray(cubeVAO);
//glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);

// also draw the lamp object
lampShader.use();
lampShader.setMat4("projection", projection);
lampShader.setMat4("view", view);
model = glm::mat4(1.0f);
model = glm::translate(model, lightPos);
model = glm::scale(model, glm::vec3(0.2f)); // a smaller cube
lampShader.setMat4("model", model);
glBindVertexArray(lightVAO);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);

// glfw: swap buffers and poll IO events (keys pressed/released, mouse moved etc.)
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
glfwSwapBuffers(window);
glfwPollEvents();
}
// optional: de-allocate all resources once they've outlived their purpose:
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &cubeVAO);
glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &lightVAO);
glDeleteBuffers(1, &VBO);
// glfw: terminate, clearing all previously allocated GLFW resources.
// ------------------------------------------------------------------
glfwTerminate();
return 0;
}
// process all input: query GLFW whether relevant keys are pressed/released this frame and react accordingly
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void processInput(GLFWwindow *window)
{
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE) == GLFW_PRESS)
glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, true);
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_W) == GLFW_PRESS)
camera.ProcessKeyboard(FORWARD, deltaTime);
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_S) == GLFW_PRESS)
camera.ProcessKeyboard(BACKWARD, deltaTime);
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_A) == GLFW_PRESS)
camera.ProcessKeyboard(LEFT, deltaTime);
if (glfwGetKey(window, GLFW_KEY_D) == GLFW_PRESS)
camera.ProcessKeyboard(RIGHT, deltaTime);
}
// glfw: whenever the window size changed (by OS or user resize) this callback function executes
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void framebuffer_size_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int width, int height)
{
// make sure the viewport matches the new window dimensions; note that width and 
// height will be significantly larger than specified on retina displays.
glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
}

// glfw: whenever the mouse moves, this callback is called
// -------------------------------------------------------
void mouse_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xpos, double ypos)
{
if (firstMouse)
{
lastX = xpos;
lastY = ypos;
firstMouse = false;
}
float xoffset = xpos - lastX;
float yoffset = lastY - ypos; // reversed since y-coordinates go from bottom to top
lastX = xpos;
lastY = ypos;
camera.ProcessMouseMovement(xoffset, yoffset);
}
// glfw: whenever the mouse scroll wheel scrolls, this callback is called
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
void scroll_callback(GLFWwindow* window, double xoffset, double yoffset)
{
camera.ProcessMouseScroll(yoffset);
}

2.1.basic_lighting.vs：

#version 330 core
layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;
layout (location = 1) in vec3 aNormal;
out vec3 FragPos;
out vec3 Normal;
uniform mat4 model;
uniform mat4 view;
uniform mat4 projection;
void main()
{
FragPos = vec3(model * vec4(aPos, 1.0));
Normal = aNormal;  
gl_Position = projection * view * vec4(FragPos, 1.0);
}

2.1.basic_lighting.fs：

#version 330 core
out vec4 FragColor;
in vec3 Normal;  
in vec3 FragPos;  
uniform vec3 lightPos; 
uniform vec3 lightColor;
uniform vec3 objectColor;
void main()
{
// ambient
float ambientStrength = 0.1;
vec3 ambient = ambientStrength * lightColor;
// diffuse 
vec3 norm = normalize(Normal);
vec3 lightDir = normalize(lightPos - FragPos);
float diff = max(dot(norm, lightDir), 0.0);
vec3 diffuse = diff * lightColor;
vec3 result = (ambient + diffuse) * objectColor;
FragColor = vec4(result, 1.0);
} 

2.1.灯：

#version 330 core
out vec4 FragColor;
void main()
{
FragColor = vec4(1.0); // set alle 4 vector values to 1.0
}

2.1.灯与：

#version 330 core
layout (location = 0) in vec3 aPos;
uniform mat4 model;
uniform mat4 view;
uniform mat4 projection;
void main()
{
gl_Position = projection * view * model * vec4(aPos, 1.0);
}

Answer 1

ERROR::SHADER::FILE_NOT_SUCCESFULLY_READ

听起来您发送到Shader的相对路径没有解析为磁盘上的文件。

确保程序的当前工作目录是代码假定的目录。

或者切换到绝对路径。