在 bash 脚本中使用引号和空格的 awk



我在从收到的 snmp 陷阱设置的 bash 变量中具有以下输出:

回声$var

Nov 27 16:20:34 witness logger: trap: vars: DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = 0:6:10:29.06,  SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTrapOID.0 = SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.0.10000002, SNMPv2 SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.1 = "Finished Number", SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.2 = "Filter Cirteria: [called='3333']", SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.3 = "Cleared", SNMPv2     SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.4 = "major Over-Flow alert on Finished Number for ['3333']", SNMPv2 SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.5 = "The Corresponding Metric Value is: 0.5", SNMPv2- SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.6 = "Over-Flow", SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.7 = "Tue Nov 27 16:20:05 CET 2012" 

我正在尝试在变量中获取以下输出:

var1 = "Tue Nov 27 16:20:05 CET 2012"
var2 = "Finished Number"
var3 = "The Corresponding Metric Value is: 0.5"
var4 = "Cleared"
var5 = "major Over-Flow alert on Finished Number for ['3333']"

我正在考虑通过awk来做到这一点

基于 snmp OID:企业.11.2.29.2.90.4、

企业.11.2.29.2.90.5、11.2.29.2.90.6 等...

但似乎不能只提取引用内容的内容"

"

似乎您想匹配双引号内的所有字符串,这最容易使用 grep 完成:

$ echo $var | grep -o '"[^"]*"'
"Finished Number"
"Filter Cirteria: [called=3333]"
"Cleared"
"major Over-Flow alert on Finished Number for [3333]"
"The Corresponding Metric Value is: 0.5"
"Over-Flow"
"Tue Nov 27 16:20:05 CET 2012"

解释:

-o仅打印行中匹配的部分。

"     # Match opening double quote
[^"]* # Match anything not a double quote
"     # Match closing double quote

希望这可以帮助您入门。

Perl 解决方案:

echo "$var" | perl -nE 'say "var", ++$x, "=$1" while /(".*?")/g'

输出:

var1="Finished Number"
var2="Filter Cirteria: [called='3333']"
var3="Cleared"
var4="major Over-Flow alert on Finished Number for ['3333']"
var5="The Corresponding Metric Value is: 0.5"
var6="Over-Flow"
var7="Tue Nov 27 16:20:05 CET 2012"

让我们从简单的东西开始,以便您可以看到使用 awk 时字段的细分方式:

echo "${var}" | awk 'BEGIN{FS="""} {for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) {print "["i"]", $i}}'

或者,如果你的 shell 支持此处字符串:

awk 'BEGIN{FS="""} {for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) {print "["i"]", $i}}' <<< "${var}"

输出:

[1] Nov 27 16:20:34 witness logger: trap: vars: DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = 0:6:10:29.06,  SNMPv2-MIB::snmpTrapOID.0 = SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.0.10000002, SNMPv2 SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.1 = 
[2] Finished Number
[3] , SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.2 = 
[4] Filter Cirteria: [called='3333']
[5] , SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.3 = 
[6] Cleared
[7] , SNMPv2     SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.4 = 
[8] major Over-Flow alert on Finished Number for ['3333']
[9] , SNMPv2 SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.5 = 
[10] The Corresponding Metric Value is: 0.5
[11] , SNMPv2- SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.6 = 
[12] Over-Flow
[13] , SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.7 = 
[14] Tue Nov 27 16:20:05 CET 2012
[15]  

现在根据需要选择字段:

var1=$(awk 'BEGIN{FS="""} {print $14}' <<< "${var}")
var2=$(awk 'BEGIN{FS="""} {print $2}' <<< "${var}")
var3=$(awk 'BEGIN{FS="""} {print $10}' <<< "${var}")
var4=$(awk 'BEGIN{FS="""} {print $6}' <<< "${var}")
var5=$(awk 'BEGIN{FS="""} {print $8}' <<< "${var}")

解释:

  • awk 'BEGIN{FS="""} : 这里我们使用awk来分隔输入"
  • {print $14}':打印用引号括起来的特定字段
  • <<< "${var}":如果可用,请使用此处字符串而不是回显(见上文)
  • 这是假设您的$var格式在字段排序方面保持相对一致
$ echo "$var" | awk -F" 'BEGIN{n=split("14 2 10 6 8",v," ")} {for (i=1;i<=n;i++) printf "var%d = "%s"n",i,$(v[i])}'
var1 = "Tue Nov 27 16:20:05 CET 2012"
var2 = "Finished Number"
var3 = "The Corresponding Metric Value is: 0.5"
var4 = "Cleared"
var5 = "major Over-Flow alert on Finished Number for ['3333']"

另外,也许更多你想要的,以下是使用 awk 执行的结果填充 shell 数组的方法:

$ IFS=$'n' varArr=( $(echo "$var" | awk -F" 'BEGIN{n=split("14 2 10 6 8",v," ")}
 {for (i=0;i<=n;i++) printf ""%s"n",$(v[i])}') )
$ echo "${varArr[1]}"                                                         
"Tue Nov 27 16:20:05 CET 2012"
$ echo "${varArr[2]}"
"Finished Number"
$ echo "${varArr[3]}"
"The Corresponding Metric Value is: 0.5"
$ echo "${varArr[4]}"
"Cleared"
$ echo "${varArr[5]}"
"major Over-Flow alert on Finished Number for ['3333']"

如果您不希望文本周围有引号,请不要在 awk 脚本中添加它们:

IFS=$'n' varArr=( $(echo "$var" | awk -F" 'BEGIN{n=split("14 2 10 6 8",v," ")}
{for (i=0;i<=n;i++) print $(v[i])}') )

以上两个都将把整个输入字符串放在 ${varArr[0]} 中。如果这是不可取的,这是一个微不足道的调整。

我最终使用了awk解决方案,但其他解决方案也非常适合。谢谢大家。

val=$(echo $val |  awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/is:/)print $(i+1)}' | cut -d" -f 1)

对于信息,当收到陷阱时,脚本在 snmptrapd 中使用,它将日志放入消息中并对特定警报执行其他操作。

主循环如下:

vars=
while read oid val
do
if [ "$vars" = "" ]
  then
    vars="$oid = $val"
  else
    vars="$vars, $oid = $val" 
        if [ "$oid" == "SNMPv2-SMI::enterprises.11.2.29.2.90.5" ]
        then
          val=$(echo $val |  awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/is:/)print $(i+1)}' | cut -d" -f 1)
          /bin/logger "found: value 5:    $val "
          val5=$val
        fi
 fi
done

相关内容

  • 没有找到相关文章

最新更新