我想知道是否有一种方法可以编写扩展名为.s的MIPS汇编语言文件（只是一个非常简单的测试文件），就像PCSpim模拟器中使用的那样，然后让它实际编译代码并生成一个具有十六进制输出的文件，就好像我要把它加载到一个实际的MIPS芯片上一样。
SPIM或其他类似的软件能做到这一点吗？你能解释一下从MIPS组装到微控制器使用的实际可执行文件的组装过程吗？
感谢
编辑：所以我在安装了gcc的ubuntu-linux上运行。我有一个mips文件mipsTest.s，它是以下
.text
add $7, $0, $0
现在在命令行我输入
gcc -c -o mipsy.o mipsTest.s
我得到的错误是
mipsTest.s: Assembler messages:
mipsTest.s:2: Error: at most 2 immediate operands are allowed.
所以对我来说，这意味着汇编程序没有读取mips语言，它可能假设我的汇编文件是x86？如何设置交叉编译器，以便gcc识别MIPS汇编语言而不是x86？（或者现在将我的mipsTest.s文件解释为什么）谢谢！
编辑2:所以我在谷歌上搜索了"mips交叉汇编程序"，发现了一些东西。看起来最有希望的是sourceforge上的umps交叉汇编程序项目。所以我下载了umps2.0，它应该是一个稳定的版本。我按照自述文件中的说明卸载了它，并运行了"./configure"。然后我的控制台给了我以下错误，使我无法运行make命令。。。
jonathan@mini-heiretic:~/Documents/cross-compiler/umps-2.0$ ./configure
checking build system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables...
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep
checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E
checking for ANSI C header files... yes
checking for sys/types.h... yes
checking for sys/stat.h... yes
checking for stdlib.h... yes
checking for string.h... yes
checking for memory.h... yes
checking for strings.h... yes
checking for inttypes.h... yes
checking for stdint.h... yes
checking for unistd.h... yes
checking whether byte ordering is bigendian... no
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... gawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3
checking for g++... g++
checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yes
checking whether g++ accepts -g... yes
checking dependency style of g++... gcc3
checking for gcc... (cached) gcc
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... (cached) yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... (cached) yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... (cached) none needed
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E
checking whether ln -s works... yes
checking how to print strings... printf
checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /bin/sed
checking for fgrep... /bin/grep -F
checking for ld used by gcc... /usr/bin/ld
checking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld... yes
checking for BSD- or MS-compatible name lister (nm)... /usr/bin/nm -B
checking the name lister (/usr/bin/nm -B) interface... BSD nm
checking the maximum length of command line arguments... 1572864
checking whether the shell understands some XSI constructs... yes
checking whether the shell understands "+="... yes
checking how to convert i686-pc-linux-gnu file names to i686-pc-linux-gnu format... func_convert_file_noop
checking how to convert i686-pc-linux-gnu file names to toolchain format... func_convert_file_noop
checking for /usr/bin/ld option to reload object files... -r
checking for objdump... objdump
checking how to recognize dependent libraries... pass_all
checking for dlltool... no
checking how to associate runtime and link libraries... printf %sn
checking for ar... ar
checking for archiver @FILE support... @
checking for strip... strip
checking for ranlib... ranlib
checking command to parse /usr/bin/nm -B output from gcc object... ok
checking for sysroot... no
checking for mt... mt
checking if mt is a manifest tool... no
checking for dlfcn.h... yes
checking for objdir... .libs
checking if gcc supports -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions... no
checking for gcc option to produce PIC... -fPIC -DPIC
checking if gcc PIC flag -fPIC -DPIC works... yes
checking if gcc static flag -static works... yes
checking if gcc supports -c -o file.o... yes
checking if gcc supports -c -o file.o... (cached) yes
checking whether the gcc linker (/usr/bin/ld) supports shared libraries... yes
checking whether -lc should be explicitly linked in... no
checking dynamic linker characteristics... GNU/Linux ld.so
checking how to hardcode library paths into programs... immediate
checking whether stripping libraries is possible... yes
checking if libtool supports shared libraries... yes
checking whether to build shared libraries... yes
checking whether to build static libraries... yes
checking how to run the C++ preprocessor... g++ -E
checking for ld used by g++... /usr/bin/ld
checking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld... yes
checking whether the g++ linker (/usr/bin/ld) supports shared libraries... yes
checking for g++ option to produce PIC... -fPIC -DPIC
checking if g++ PIC flag -fPIC -DPIC works... yes
checking if g++ static flag -static works... yes
checking if g++ supports -c -o file.o... yes
checking if g++ supports -c -o file.o... (cached) yes
checking whether the g++ linker (/usr/bin/ld) supports shared libraries... yes
checking dynamic linker characteristics... (cached) GNU/Linux ld.so
checking how to hardcode library paths into programs... immediate
checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3
checking for ld used by gcc... (cached) /usr/bin/ld
checking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld... (cached) yes
checking for elf_version in -lelf... no
configure: error: *** Libelf not found. Specify a different path or install it. --help for info.
有什么更好的选择我应该尝试，或者有人能为我的错误提供意见吗？
EDIT3:下载Libelf后，我现在可以在umps的配置脚本中获得更多信息。这是从新成功的elf-version行开始的输出
checking for elf_version in -lelf... yes
checking for dlopen in -ldl... yes
checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config
checking pkg-config is at least version 0.9.0... yes
checking for SIGCPP... no
configure: error: Package requirements (sigc++-2.0) were not met:
No package 'sigc++-2.0' found
Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you
installed software in a non-standard prefix.
Alternatively, you may set the environment variables SIGCPP_CFLAGS
and SIGCPP_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.
所以我运行了一个快速的sudo apt-get-install sigc++-2.0，但找不到包。。。建议？
编辑4:以下是我尝试使用Makefile 时遇到的错误
jonathan@mini-heiretic:~/Documents/cross-compiler/dwelch67-pic32_samples-f34fb22/blinker01$ make
mips-sde-elf-as -EL -G0 --warn --fatal-warnings blinker01.s -o blinker01.o
make: mips-sde-elf-as: Command not found
make: *** [blinker01.o] Error 127
您可以使用gcc等来交叉编译或组装MIPS汇编语言源。就过程而言，汇编语言助记符和机器指令之间存在一对一的映射。汇编程序只是为你做翻译。
编辑：您不是在使用交叉汇编程序，而是在使用系统自己的gcc。该工具链可能针对的是英特尔处理器，它们没有3操作数add指令。您需要使用MIPS的交叉汇编程序。下载并安装一个二进制的，或者自己构建一个工具链。然后，您将有一个交叉编译器（可能称为mips-gcc或类似的东西），可以用来组装mips源文件。