对于我正在编写的应用程序，我们将IOS设备与外部传感器接口，该传感器通过本地wifi网络输出GPS数据。这些数据以"原始"格式显示，与海拔高度有关。通常，所有GPS高度都需要应用与基于当前位置的WGS84大地水准面高度相关的校正系数。
例如，在以下地理控制点中(http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/ds_mark.prl?PidBox=HV9830)其位于Lat38 56 36.77159和Lon077 01 08.34929
HV9830* NAD 83(2011) POSITION- 38 56 36.77159(N) 077 01 08.34929(W) ADJUSTED
HV9830* NAD 83(2011) ELLIP HT- 42.624 (meters) (06/27/12) ADJUSTED
HV9830* NAD 83(2011) EPOCH - 2010.00
HV9830* NAVD 88 ORTHO HEIGHT - 74.7 (meters) 245. (feet) VERTCON
HV9830 ______________________________________________________________________
HV9830 GEOID HEIGHT - -32.02 (meters) GEOID12A
HV9830 NAD 83(2011) X - 1,115,795.966 (meters) COMP
HV9830 NAD 83(2011) Y - -4,840,360.447 (meters) COMP
HV9830 NAD 83(2011) Z - 3,987,471.457 (meters) COMP
HV9830 LAPLACE CORR - -2.38 (seconds) DEFLEC12A
您可以看到大地水准面高度为-32米。因此，给定该点附近的原始GPS读数，必须进行-32米的校正才能计算出正确的海拔高度。(注意：修正是负数，所以你实际上是在减去一个负数，从而将读数向上移动32米)。
与Android相反，我们的理解是，关于coreLocation，该GeoidHeight信息是由IOS内部自动计算的。我们遇到的困难是，我们使用的是一个带有传感器的本地wifi网络，该传感器计算未校正的GPS，并收集外部传感器数据和GPS的核心位置读数。我想知道是否有人知道一个库(C/Objective-C)，它有Geoid信息，当我从传感器包中读取原始GPS信号时，可以帮助我实时进行这些计算。
谢谢你的帮助。
旁注：请不要建议我看以下帖子：在Android中通过经度和纬度获取海拔高度这是一个很好的解决方案，但我们没有实时互联网连接，因此我们无法向谷歌或美国地质调查局进行实时查询
我已经着手解决了这里的问题。我所做的是创建一个fortran代码的c实现的ObjectiveC实现来做我需要的事情。原始c可在此处找到：http://sourceforge.net/projects/egm96-f477-c/
您需要从源代码forge下载项目，以便访问此代码所需的输入文件：CORCOEF和EGM96
我的objective-c实现如下：
GeoidCalculator.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface GeoidCalculator : NSObject
+ (GeoidCalculator *)instance;
-(double) getHeightFromLat:(double)lat andLon:(double)lon;
-(double) getCurrentHeightOffset;
-(void) updatePositionWithLatitude:(double)lat andLongitude:(double)lon;
@end
GeoidCalculator.m
#import "GeoidCalculator.h"
#import <stdio.h>
#import <math.h>
#define l_value (65341)
#define _361 (361)
@implementation GeoidCalculator
static int nmax;
static double currentHeight;
static double cc[l_value+ 1], cs[l_value+ 1], hc[l_value+ 1], hs[l_value+ 1],
p[l_value+ 1], sinml[_361+ 1], cosml[_361+ 1], rleg[_361+ 1];
+ (GeoidCalculator *)instance {
static GeoidCalculator *_instance = nil;
@synchronized (self) {
if (_instance == nil) {
_instance = [[self alloc] init];
init_arrays();
currentHeight = -9999;
}
}
return _instance;
}
- (double)getHeightFromLat:(double)lat andLon:(double)lon {
[self updatePositionWithLatitude:lat andLongitude:lon];
return [self getCurrentHeightOffset];
}
- (double)getCurrentHeightOffset {
return currentHeight;
}
- (void)updatePositionWithLatitude:(double)lat andLongitude:(double)lon {
const double rad = 180 / M_PI;
double flat, flon, u;
flat = lat; flon = lon;
/*compute the geocentric latitude,geocentric radius,normal gravity*/
u = undulation(flat / rad, flon / rad, nmax, nmax + 1);
/*u is the geoid undulation from the egm96 potential coefficient model
including the height anomaly to geoid undulation correction term
and a correction term to have the undulations refer to the
wgs84 ellipsoid. the geoid undulation unit is meters.*/
currentHeight = u;
}
double hundu(unsigned nmax, double p[l_value+ 1],
double hc[l_value+ 1], double hs[l_value+ 1],
double sinml[_361+ 1], double cosml[_361+ 1], double gr, double re,
double cc[l_value+ 1], double cs[l_value+ 1]) {/*constants for wgs84(g873);gm in units of m**3/s**2*/
const double gm = .3986004418e15, ae = 6378137.;
double arn, ar, ac, a, b, sum, sumc, sum2, tempc, temp;
int k, n, m;
ar = ae / re;
arn = ar;
ac = a = b = 0;
k = 3;
for (n = 2; n <= nmax; n++) {
arn *= ar;
k++;
sum = p[k] * hc[k];
sumc = p[k] * cc[k];
sum2 = 0;
for (m = 1; m <= n; m++) {
k++;
tempc = cc[k] * cosml[m] + cs[k] * sinml[m];
temp = hc[k] * cosml[m] + hs[k] * sinml[m];
sumc += p[k] * tempc;
sum += p[k] * temp;
}
ac += sumc;
a += sum * arn;
}
ac += cc[1] + p[2] * cc[2] + p[3] * (cc[3] * cosml[1] + cs[3] * sinml[1]);
/*add haco=ac/100 to convert height anomaly on the ellipsoid to the undulation
add -0.53m to make undulation refer to the wgs84 ellipsoid.*/
return a * gm / (gr * re) + ac / 100 - .53;
}
void dscml(double rlon, unsigned nmax, double sinml[_361+ 1], double cosml[_361+ 1]) {
double a, b;
int m;
a = sin(rlon);
b = cos(rlon);
sinml[1] = a;
cosml[1] = b;
sinml[2] = 2 * b * a;
cosml[2] = 2 * b * b - 1;
for (m = 3; m <= nmax; m++) {
sinml[m] = 2 * b * sinml[m - 1] - sinml[m - 2];
cosml[m] = 2 * b * cosml[m - 1] - cosml[m - 2];
}
}
void dhcsin(unsigned nmax, double hc[l_value+ 1], double hs[l_value+ 1]) {
// potential coefficient file
//f_12 = fopen("EGM96", "rb");
NSString* path2 = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"EGM96" ofType:@""];
FILE* f_12 = fopen(path2.UTF8String, "rb");
if (f_12 == NULL) {
NSLog([path2 stringByAppendingString:@" not found"]);
}
int n, m;
double j2, j4, j6, j8, j10, c, s, ec, es;
/*the even degree zonal coefficients given below were computed for the
wgs84(g873) system of constants and are identical to those values
used in the NIMA gridding procedure. computed using subroutine
grs written by N.K. PAVLIS*/
j2 = 0.108262982131e-2;
j4 = -.237091120053e-05;
j6 = 0.608346498882e-8;
j8 = -0.142681087920e-10;
j10 = 0.121439275882e-13;
m = ((nmax + 1) * (nmax + 2)) / 2;
for (n = 1; n <= m; n++)hc[n] = hs[n] = 0;
while (6 == fscanf(f_12, "%i %i %lf %lf %lf %lf", &n, &m, &c, &s, &ec, &es)) {
if (n > nmax)continue;
n = (n * (n + 1)) / 2 + m + 1;
hc[n] = c;
hs[n] = s;
}
hc[4] += j2 / sqrt(5);
hc[11] += j4 / 3;
hc[22] += j6 / sqrt(13);
hc[37] += j8 / sqrt(17);
hc[56] += j10 / sqrt(21);
fclose(f_12);
}
void legfdn(unsigned m, double theta, double rleg[_361+ 1], unsigned nmx)
/*this subroutine computes all normalized legendre function
in "rleg". order is always
m, and colatitude is always theta (radians). maximum deg
is nmx. all calculations in double precision.
ir must be set to zero before the first call to this sub.
the dimensions of arrays rleg must be at least equal to nmx+1.
Original programmer :Oscar L. Colombo, Dept. of Geodetic Science
the Ohio State University, August 1980
ineiev: I removed the derivatives, for they are never computed here*/
{
static double drts[1301], dirt[1301], cothet, sithet, rlnn[_361+ 1];
static int ir;
int nmx1 = nmx + 1, nmx2p = 2 * nmx + 1, m1 = m + 1, m2 = m + 2, m3 = m + 3, n, n1, n2;
if (!ir) {
ir = 1;
for (n = 1; n <= nmx2p; n++) {
drts[n] = sqrt(n);
dirt[n] = 1 / drts[n];
}
}
cothet = cos(theta);
sithet = sin(theta);
/*compute the legendre functions*/
rlnn[1] = 1;
rlnn[2] = sithet * drts[3];
for (n1 = 3; n1 <= m1; n1++) {
n = n1 - 1;
n2 = 2 * n;
rlnn[n1] = drts[n2 + 1] * dirt[n2] * sithet * rlnn[n];
}
switch (m) {
case 1:
rleg[2] = rlnn[2];
rleg[3] = drts[5] * cothet * rleg[2];
break;
case 0:
rleg[1] = 1;
rleg[2] = cothet * drts[3];
break;
}
rleg[m1] = rlnn[m1];
if (m2 <= nmx1) {
rleg[m2] = drts[m1 * 2 + 1] * cothet * rleg[m1];
if (m3 <= nmx1)
for (n1 = m3; n1 <= nmx1; n1++) {
n = n1 - 1;
if ((!m && n < 2) || (m == 1 && n < 3))continue;
n2 = 2 * n;
rleg[n1] = drts[n2 + 1] * dirt[n + m] * dirt[n - m] *
(drts[n2 - 1] * cothet * rleg[n1 - 1] - drts[n + m - 1] * drts[n - m - 1] * dirt[n2 - 3] * rleg[n1 - 2]);
}
}
}
void radgra(double lat, double lon, double *rlat, double *gr, double *re)
/*this subroutine computes geocentric distance to the point,
the geocentric latitude,and
an approximate value of normal gravity at the point based
the constants of the wgs84(g873) system are used*/
{
const double a = 6378137., e2 = .00669437999013, geqt = 9.7803253359, k = .00193185265246;
double n, t1 = sin(lat) * sin(lat), t2, x, y, z;
n = a / sqrt(1 - e2 * t1);
t2 = n * cos(lat);
x = t2 * cos(lon);
y = t2 * sin(lon);
z = (n * (1 - e2)) * sin(lat);
*re = sqrt(x * x + y * y + z * z);/*compute the geocentric radius*/
*rlat = atan(z / sqrt(x * x + y * y));/*compute the geocentric latitude*/
*gr = geqt * (1 + k * t1) / sqrt(1 - e2 * t1);/*compute normal gravity:units are m/sec**2*/
}
double undulation(double lat, double lon, int nmax, int k) {
double rlat, gr, re;
int i, j, m;
radgra(lat, lon, &rlat, &gr, &re);
rlat = M_PI / 2 - rlat;
for (j = 1; j <= k; j++) {
m = j - 1;
legfdn(m, rlat, rleg, nmax);
for (i = j; i <= k; i++)p[(i - 1) * i / 2 + m + 1] = rleg[i];
}
dscml(lon, nmax, sinml, cosml);
return hundu(nmax, p, hc, hs, sinml, cosml, gr, re, cc, cs);
}
void init_arrays(void) {
int ig, i, n, m;
double t1, t2;
NSString* path1 = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"CORCOEF" ofType:@""];
//correction coefficient file: modified with 'sed -e"s/D/e/g"' to be read with fscanf
FILE* f_1 = fopen([path1 cStringUsingEncoding:1], "rb");
if (f_1 == NULL) {
NSLog([path1 stringByAppendingString:@" not found"]);
}
nmax = 360;
for (i = 1; i <= l_value; i++)cc[i] = cs[i] = 0;
while (4 == fscanf(f_1, "%i %i %lg %lg", &n, &m, &t1, &t2)) {
ig = (n * (n + 1)) / 2 + m + 1;
cc[ig] = t1;
cs[ig] = t2;
}
/*the correction coefficients are now read in*/
/*the potential coefficients are now read in and the reference
even degree zonal harmonic coefficients removed to degree 6*/
dhcsin(nmax, hc, hs);
fclose(f_1);
}
@end
我对大地水准面高度计算器做了一些有限的测试(http://www.unavco.org/community_science/science-support/geoid/geoid.html)看起来一切都很匹配
更新iOS8或更高版本
截至IOS8此代码可能无法正常工作。您可能需要更改捆绑包的加载方式：
[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"EGM96" ofType:@""];
在这里搜索或添加评论。
令人印象深刻的东西吉普！我只是用你的代码创建了这个sqlite，它可能更容易在项目中添加/使用，假设lat/lon的整数精度足够好：
https://github.com/vectorstofinal/geoid_heights
您可以使用GeoTrans。
由提供http://earth-info.nga.mil/GandG/geotrans/index.html
关键词是"垂直基准"。因此，您希望从WGS84转换为例如EGM96垂直基准。确定要使用哪种Geoid模型。EGM96就是其中之一。
也许这些答案对你也有帮助：如何根据平均海平面计算海拔高度
下一篇阅读ios开源许可证文本：在中可用
Settings -> General -> About -> Legal -> License ...
在那里，您可以获得ios使用的所有库的列表。我发现的其中一个是使用美国地质勘探局的sw计算磁向错。Geoid高度计算也列在那里的可能性非常高。