Java 加密在初始化密码时抛出异常:java.security.InvalidKeyException:非法密钥大小

Question

我正在尝试使用"AES/GCM/NoPadding">
加密一个简单的测试"sometext"。我有一个 main 方法，我首先将字符串作为应该加密的参数传递。加密的文本将显示在控制台上。然后调用解密(通过传递加密文本(以检查解密是否正常工作，即解密后我是否返回相同的文本。我正在调用主类，它在我的getCipher()自定义方法中失败，但有以下异常：

Exception in thread "main" my.package.EncryptionException: java.security.InvalidKeyException: Illegal key size
        at my.package.Encryptor.encrypt(Encryptor.java:76)
        at my.package.Encryptor.encrypt(Encryptor.java:61)
        at my.package.Encryptor.main(Encryptor.java:151)
Caused by: java.security.InvalidKeyException: Illegal key size
        at javax.crypto.Cipher.checkCryptoPerm(Cipher.java:1039)
        at javax.crypto.Cipher.implInit(Cipher.java:805)
        at javax.crypto.Cipher.chooseProvider(Cipher.java:864)
        at javax.crypto.Cipher.init(Cipher.java:1396)
        at javax.crypto.Cipher.init(Cipher.java:1327)
        at my.package.Encryptor.getCipher(Encryptor.java:134)
        at my.package.Encryptor.encrypt(Encryptor.java:69)
        ... 2 more

我不确定为什么这个非法密钥大小给出错误。我在 16 个字符
内有我的密钥"SecREtKeY"。下面是代码：

public class Encryptor {
    private static final String ALGORITHM_AES256 = "AES/GCM/NoPadding";
    private static final int IV_LEN = 16;
    private static final int KEY_LEN = 32;
    private final SecureRandom random;
    private final byte[] inputKey;
    private final SecretKeySpec secretKeySpec;
    private final Cipher cipher;
    Encryptor() throws EncryptionException 
    {
        String secretKey = "SecREtKeY";
        byte[] key = secretKey.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        if (key == null) {
            throw new EncryptionException("Null Key");
        }
        inputKey = new byte[key.length];
        System.arraycopy(key, 0, inputKey, 0, inputKey.length);
        byte[] aesKey = trimKey(key);
        System.out.println("aesKey.length: "+aesKey.length);
        try
        {
            random = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");
            this.secretKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(aesKey, "AES");
            this.cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHM_AES256);
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) {
            throw new EncryptionException(e);
        }
    }
    /*
     * Encrypts plaint text. Returns Encrypted String.
     */
    String encrypt(String plaintext) throws EncryptionException
    {
        return encrypt(plaintext.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    }
    String encrypt(byte[] plaintext) throws EncryptionException
    {
        try 
        {
            byte[] iv = getRandom(IV_LEN);
            Cipher msgcipher = getCipher(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, iv);
            byte[] encryptedTextBytes = msgcipher.doFinal(plaintext);
            byte[] payload = concat(iv, encryptedTextBytes);
            return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(payload);
        } 
        catch (BadPaddingException | InvalidKeyException | IllegalBlockSizeException | InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e){
            throw new EncryptionException(e);
        }
    }
    /*
     * Decrypts plaint text. Returns decrypted String.
     */
    String decrypt(String ciphertext) throws EncryptionException 
    {
        return decrypt(Base64.getDecoder().decode(ciphertext));
    }
    String decrypt(byte[] cipherBytes) throws EncryptionException 
    {
        byte[] iv = Arrays.copyOf(cipherBytes, IV_LEN);
        byte[] cipherText = Arrays.copyOfRange(cipherBytes, IV_LEN, cipherBytes.length);
        try {
            Cipher cipher = getCipher(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, iv);
            byte[] decrypt = cipher.doFinal(cipherText);
            return new String(decrypt, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        } catch (BadPaddingException | InvalidKeyException | IllegalBlockSizeException | InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {
            throw new EncryptionException(e);
        }
    }

    private byte[] trimKey(byte[] key)
    {
        byte[] outkey = new byte[KEY_LEN];
        if(key.length >= KEY_LEN) {
            System.arraycopy(key, key.length - KEY_LEN, outkey, 0, KEY_LEN);
        } 
        else {
            System.arraycopy(key, 0, outkey, 0, key.length);
        }
        return outkey;
    }
    private byte[] getRandom(int size) 
    {
        byte[] data = new byte[size];
        random.nextBytes(data);
        return data;
    }
    private byte[] concat(byte[] first, byte[] second) 
    {
        byte[] result = Arrays.copyOf(first, first.length + second.length);
        System.arraycopy(second, 0, result, first.length, second.length);
        return result;
    }
    private Cipher getCipher(int encryptMode, byte[] iv) throws InvalidKeyException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException 
    {
        GCMParameterSpec gcmSpec = new GCMParameterSpec(IV_LEN * 8, iv);
        cipher.init(encryptMode, getSecretKeySpec(), gcmSpec);
        return cipher;
    }
    private SecretKeySpec getSecretKeySpec() {
        return secretKeySpec;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception 
    {
        if(args.length == 1) {
            String plainText = args[0];
            Encryptor aes = new Encryptor();
            String encryptedString = aes.encrypt(plainText);
            System.out.println(plainText + ":" + encryptedString);
            String decryptedString = aes.decrypt(encryptedString);
            System.out.println(encryptedString+":"+decryptedString);
        } 
        else {
            System.out.println("USAGE: java my.package.Encryptor [text to encrypt]");
        }
    }
}  

知道为什么我会收到此错误吗？

Answer 1

java.security.InvalidKeyException: Illegal key size表示您尚未安装 JCE(Java Cryptography Extension(。AES256 需要它

对于Java 8，您可以在此处下载：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce8-download-2133166.html