小贝子编程

通过文件记录通过Windows计划的任务存储过程



运行SQL Server 2008 R2 Express（因此我无法创建维护计划并使用其日志记录，因为Express没有代理服务GRRRR）

所以我已经创建了一个存储过程，并且要创建一个批处理文件，该文件将使用类似于

的东西 
sqlcmd -S .SQLEXPRESS -E -Q "EXEC sp_DefragIndexes"
-S = use this instance
-E = Use a trusted connection (the batch file will also reside on the same machine as the database)
-Q = Executes a query when sqlcmd starts and then immediately exits sqlcmd

现在问题是我存储的过程输出消息，如何在文本文件中记录这些消息（使用> redirect？），然后如何为每次运行批处理文件创建一个新的日志文件包含存储过程的输出？

我的sp：

--Description : This script reorganizes and rebuilds the index if the fragmentation level is higher the given threshold
-- You can define the threshold for reorganize as well as for rebuild and script will work accordingly
-- INPUTS : @fillfactor - While rebuilding index what would be FILLFACTOR for new index
-- @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit - Fragmentation Level lower threshold to check for reorganizing the table, if the fragmentation is higher than this level, it will be considered for reorganize
-- @@FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit - Fragmentation Level lower threshold to check for rebuilding the table, if the fragmentation is higher than this level, it will be considered for rebuild
-- NOTES : PRINT statements are all queued up and don't show up until the entire script is printed. However, there is an alternative to PRINTing messages. 
-- You can raise an error that isn't really an error (code of 0) and you'll get the same effect--message will be printed immediately.
DECLARE @cmd NVARCHAR(1000) 
DECLARE @Table VARCHAR(255) 
DECLARE @SchemaName VARCHAR(255)
DECLARE @IndexName VARCHAR(255)
DECLARE @AvgFragmentationInPercent DECIMAL
DECLARE @fillfactor INT 
DECLARE @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit VARCHAR(10)
DECLARE @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit VARCHAR(10)
DECLARE @Message VARCHAR(1000)
SET NOCOUNT ON
--You can specify your customized value for reorganize and rebuild indexes, the default values
--of 5 and 30 means index will be reorgnized if the fragmentation level is more than equal to 5 
--and less than 30, if the fragmentation level is more than equal to 30 then index will be rebuilt
SET @fillfactor = 80
SET @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit = '5.0' -- Percent
SET @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit = '30.0' -- Percent
BEGIN TRY
-- ensure the temporary table does not exist
IF (SELECT OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#FramentedTableList')) IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #FramentedTableList;
SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Retrieving indexes with high fragmentation from ' + DB_NAME() + ' database.'
RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
SELECT OBJECT_NAME(IPS.OBJECT_ID) AS [TableName], avg_fragmentation_in_percent, SI.name [IndexName], 
schema_name(ST.schema_id) AS [SchemaName], 0 AS IsProcessed INTO #FramentedTableList
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID(), NULL, NULL, NULL , NULL) IPS
JOIN sys.tables ST WITH (nolock) ON IPS.OBJECT_ID = ST.OBJECT_ID
JOIN sys.indexes SI WITH (nolock) ON IPS.OBJECT_ID = SI.OBJECT_ID AND IPS.index_id = SI.index_id
WHERE ST.is_ms_shipped = 0 AND SI.name IS NOT NULL
AND avg_fragmentation_in_percent >= CONVERT(DECIMAL, @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit) 
ORDER BY avg_fragmentation_in_percent DESC
SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Retrieved indexes with high fragmentation from ' + DB_NAME() + ' database.'
RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
RAISERROR('', 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
WHILE EXISTS ( SELECT 1 FROM #FramentedTableList WHERE IsProcessed = 0 )
BEGIN
  SELECT TOP 1 @Table = TableName, @AvgFragmentationInPercent = avg_fragmentation_in_percent, 
  @SchemaName = SchemaName, @IndexName = IndexName
  FROM #FramentedTableList
  WHERE IsProcessed = 0
  --Reorganizing the index
  IF((@AvgFragmentationInPercent >= @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit) AND (@AvgFragmentationInPercent < @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit))
  BEGIN
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Reorganizing Index for [' + @Table + '] which has avg_fragmentation_in_percent = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, @AvgFragmentationInPercent) + '.'
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    SET @cmd = 'ALTER INDEX ' + @IndexName + ' ON [' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@SchemaName)) + '].[' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@Table)) + '] REORGANIZE' 
    EXEC (@cmd)
    --PRINT @cmd 
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Reorganize Index completed successfully for [' + @Table + '].' 
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    RAISERROR('', 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
  END
  --Rebuilding the index
  ELSE IF (@AvgFragmentationInPercent >= @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit )
  BEGIN
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Rebuilding Index for [' + @Table + '] which has avg_fragmentation_in_percent = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, @AvgFragmentationInPercent) + '.'
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    SET @cmd = 'ALTER INDEX ' + @IndexName + ' ON [' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@SchemaName)) + '].[' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@Table)) + '] REBUILD WITH (FILLFACTOR = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(3),@fillfactor) + ', STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF)' 
    EXEC (@cmd)
    --PRINT @cmd
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Rebuild     Index completed successfully for [' + @Table + '].'
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    RAISERROR('', 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
  END
  UPDATE #FramentedTableList
  SET IsProcessed = 1 
  WHERE TableName = @Table
  AND IndexName = @IndexName
END
DROP TABLE #FramentedTableList 
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
  PRINT 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' There is some run time exception.'
  PRINT 'ERROR CODE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, ERROR_NUMBER()) 
  PRINT 'ERROR MESSAGE : ' + ERROR_MESSAGE()
END CATCH

然后我将以窗口计划的任务运行。

update1：只需包含阅读此书的任何人都想知道如何做，这可能证明有帮助...

我最终在批处理文件中使用以下内容：

set timestamp=%DATE:/=-%_%TIME::=-%
set timestamp=%timestamp: =%
set filename= c:_testingSP_Log_%timestamp%.log
sqlcmd -S .SQLEXPRESS -E -Q "EXEC sp_DefragIndexes @dbName=MYDBNAME, @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit='5.0', @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit='30.0'" -d MYDBNAME -o %filename%

产生这样的文件：

C:_testingSP_Log_20-05-2015_9-57-54.90.log

对上面列出的SP进行了一些小改动：

CREATE PROCEDURE sp_DefragIndexes
            @dbName sysname = null,
            @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit VARCHAR(10),
            @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit VARCHAR(10)
--Description : This script reorganizes and rebuilds the index if the fragmentation level is higher the given threshold
-- You can define the threshold for reorganize as well as for rebuild and script will work accordingly
-- INPUTS : @fillfactor - While rebuilding index what would be FILLFACTOR for new index
-- @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit - Fragmentation Level lower threshold to check for reorganizing the table, if the fragmentation is higher than this level, it will be considered for reorganize
-- @@FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit - Fragmentation Level lower threshold to check for rebuilding the table, if the fragmentation is higher than this level, it will be considered for rebuild
-- NOTES : PRINT statements are all queued up and don't show up until the entire script is printed. However, there is an alternative to PRINTing messages. 
-- You can raise an error that isn't really an error (code of 0) and you'll get the same effect--message will be printed immediately.
DECLARE @cmd NVARCHAR(1000) 
DECLARE @Table VARCHAR(255) 
DECLARE @SchemaName VARCHAR(255)
DECLARE @IndexName VARCHAR(255)
DECLARE @AvgFragmentationInPercent DECIMAL
DECLARE @fillfactor INT 
--DECLARE @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit VARCHAR(10)
--DECLARE @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit VARCHAR(10)
DECLARE @Message VARCHAR(1000)
SET NOCOUNT ON
--You can specify your customized value for reorganize and rebuild indexes, the default values
--of 5 and 30 means index will be reorgnized if the fragmentation level is more than equal to 5 
--and less than 30, if the fragmentation level is more than equal to 30 then index will be rebuilt
SET @fillfactor = 80
--SET @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit = '5.0' -- Percent
--SET @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit = '30.0' -- Percent
BEGIN TRY
-- ensure the temporary table does not exist
IF (SELECT OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#FramentedTableList')) IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #FramentedTableList;
SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Retrieving indexes with high fragmentation from ' + @dbName + ' database.'
RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
SELECT OBJECT_NAME(IPS.OBJECT_ID) AS [TableName], avg_fragmentation_in_percent, SI.name [IndexName], 
schema_name(ST.schema_id) AS [SchemaName], 0 AS IsProcessed INTO #FramentedTableList
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID(@dbName), NULL, NULL, NULL , NULL) IPS
JOIN sys.tables ST WITH (nolock) ON IPS.OBJECT_ID = ST.OBJECT_ID
JOIN sys.indexes SI WITH (nolock) ON IPS.OBJECT_ID = SI.OBJECT_ID AND IPS.index_id = SI.index_id
WHERE ST.is_ms_shipped = 0 AND SI.name IS NOT NULL
AND avg_fragmentation_in_percent >= CONVERT(DECIMAL, @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit) 
ORDER BY avg_fragmentation_in_percent DESC
SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Retrieved indexes with high fragmentation from ' + @dbName + ' database.'
RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
RAISERROR('', 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
WHILE EXISTS ( SELECT 1 FROM #FramentedTableList WHERE IsProcessed = 0 )
BEGIN
  SELECT TOP 1 @Table = TableName, @AvgFragmentationInPercent = avg_fragmentation_in_percent, 
  @SchemaName = SchemaName, @IndexName = IndexName
  FROM #FramentedTableList
  WHERE IsProcessed = 0
  --Reorganizing the index
  IF((@AvgFragmentationInPercent >= @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit) AND (@AvgFragmentationInPercent < @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit))
  BEGIN
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Reorganizing Index for [' + @Table + '] which has avg_fragmentation_in_percent = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, @AvgFragmentationInPercent) + '.'
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    SET @cmd = 'ALTER INDEX ' + @IndexName + ' ON [' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@SchemaName)) + '].[' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@Table)) + '] REORGANIZE' 
    EXEC (@cmd)
    --PRINT @cmd 
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Reorganize Index completed successfully for [' + @Table + '].' 
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    RAISERROR('', 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
  END
  --Rebuilding the index
  ELSE IF (@AvgFragmentationInPercent >= @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit )
  BEGIN
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Rebuilding Index for [' + @Table + '] which has avg_fragmentation_in_percent = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, @AvgFragmentationInPercent) + '.'
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    SET @cmd = 'ALTER INDEX ' + @IndexName + ' ON [' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@SchemaName)) + '].[' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@Table)) + '] REBUILD WITH (FILLFACTOR = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(3),@fillfactor) + ', STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF)' 
    EXEC (@cmd)
    --PRINT @cmd
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Rebuild     Index completed successfully for [' + @Table + '].'
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    RAISERROR('', 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
  END
  UPDATE #FramentedTableList
  SET IsProcessed = 1 
  WHERE TableName = @Table
  AND IndexName = @IndexName
END
DROP TABLE #FramentedTableList 
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
  PRINT 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' There is some run time exception.'
  PRINT 'ERROR CODE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, ERROR_NUMBER()) 
  PRINT 'ERROR MESSAGE : ' + ERROR_MESSAGE()
END CATCH

update2：我最终使用以下批处理脚本，因为它可以对文件名给予更多控制：

SETLOCAL
set FILENAMEANDPATH= c:_testingSP_Log_%DATE:~0,2%-%DATE:~3,2%-%DATE:~6,4%_%TIME:~0,2%-%TIME:~3,2%.log
sqlcmd -S .SQLEXPRESS -E -Q "EXEC sp_DefragIndexes @dbName=IndexFragmentationTest, @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit='5.0', @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit='30.0'" -d IndexFragmentationTest -o %FILENAMEANDPATH%

给出以下命名格式的文件：

SP_Log_20-05-2015_13-39.log

update3 ：事实证明，如果小时小于10，我在上面的更新2部分中使用的时间戳脚本无效，因为它在小时之前留出了一个空间...所以我现在正在使用以下内容。

set local
REM Preparing Timestamp Information
set year=%date:~6,4%
set month=%date:~3,2%
set day=%date:~0,2%
set hour=%time:~0,2%
REM Replace leading space with zero
if “%hour:~0,1%” ==” ” set hour=0%hour:~1,1%
set minute=%time:~3,2%
set seconds=%time:~6,2%
set FILENAMEANDPATH= c:_testingSP_Log_%day%-%month%-%year%_%hour%-%minute%-%seconds%.log

是的，使用redirect（>）输出到日志文件。您可以创建独特的时间戳文件，例如：

set timestamp=%DATE:/=-%_%TIME::=-%
set timestamp=%timestamp: =%
set filename=SP_Log_%timestamp%.log

，您的命令变为：

sqlcmd -S .SQLEXPRESS -E -Q "EXEC sp_DefragIndexes" > %filename%

您可以将其作为独立批处理文件运行，以查看正在发生的事情：

set timestamp=%DATE:/=-%_%TIME::=-%
set timestamp=%timestamp: =%
set filename=SP_Log_%timestamp%.log
echo %filename%
pause

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