我需要您的帮助来找到最佳解决方案。这是我的原始代码:
public async Task Test()
{
var tasks = new List<Task>();
string line;
using (var streamReader = File.OpenText(InputPath))
{
while ((line = streamReader.ReadLine()) != null)
{
tasks.Add(Process(line));
}
}
await Task.WhenAll(tasks.ToArray());
}
private Task Process(string line)
{
return Task.Run(() =>
{
Console.WriteLine(line);
});
}
它将读取一个有行的文件,并通过一个任务处理每一行。然而,如果文件有100多万行,任务数组就更大,那么这个代码还不错吗?或者我应该找到另一个解决方案。请帮帮我。谢谢。
这是个坏主意。这可能会启动太多线程。
一个更好的方法是简单地使用Parallel.ForEach()
,如下所示:
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace Demo
{
static class Program
{
static void Main()
{
string filename = @"Your test filename goes here";
Parallel.ForEach(File.ReadLines(filename), process);
}
private static void process(string line)
{
Console.WriteLine(line);
}
}
}
然而,这并不使用async/await。但是,如果您愿意,您可以将对Parallel.ForEach()
的整个调用封装在一个任务中。
或者,如果你想使用任务并行库(一个Microsoft NuGet包),你可以这样做:
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading.Tasks.Dataflow;
namespace Demo
{
static class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Task.Run(test).Wait();
}
static async Task test()
{
string filename = @"Your filename goes here";
await processFile(filename);
}
static async Task processFile(string filename)
{
var options = new ExecutionDataflowBlockOptions { MaxDegreeOfParallelism = 8, BoundedCapacity = 100 };
var action = new ActionBlock<string>(s => process(s), options);
foreach (var line in File.ReadLines(filename))
await action.SendAsync(line);
action.Complete();
await action.Completion;
}
static void process(string line)
{
Thread.Sleep(100); // Simulate work.
Console.WriteLine(Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId + " " + line);
}
}
}
这将为您提供async
支持。
附录:线程池节流的演示。
(这是对shay__评论的回应。)
如果启动了许多长时间运行的任务,而该任务的运行时间超过一秒钟左右,则可能会看到线程池限制。
如果当前进程的线程池线程数等于或超过调用ThreadPool.GetMinThreads(out workers, out ports);
返回的worker
计数,就会发生这种情况。
如果发生这种情况,在创建新的线程池线程之前,新线程池线程的启动将延迟一小段时间(在我的系统上是一秒钟)。通常情况下,这将允许另一个线程池线程变得可用,而这将被使用(这当然是节流)。
以下代码演示了该问题:
int workers, ports;
ThreadPool.GetMinThreads(out workers, out ports);
Console.WriteLine("Min workers = " + workers); // Prints 8 on my system.
var sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
{
Task.Run(() =>
{
Console.WriteLine($"Thread {Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId} started at time {sw.Elapsed}");
Thread.Sleep(10000);
});
}
Console.ReadLine();
在我的系统上,这会打印以下内容:
Min workers = 8
Thread 3 started at time 00:00:00.0098651
Thread 6 started at time 00:00:00.0098651
Thread 8 started at time 00:00:00.0099841
Thread 5 started at time 00:00:00.0099680
Thread 7 started at time 00:00:00.0099918
Thread 4 started at time 00:00:00.0098739
Thread 10 started at time 00:00:00.0100828
Thread 9 started at time 00:00:00.0101833
Thread 11 started at time 00:00:01.0096247
Thread 12 started at time 00:00:02.0098105
Thread 13 started at time 00:00:03.0099824
Thread 14 started at time 00:00:04.0100671
Thread 15 started at time 00:00:05.0098035
Thread 16 started at time 00:00:06.0099449
Thread 17 started at time 00:00:07.0096293
Thread 18 started at time 00:00:08.0106774
Thread 19 started at time 00:00:09.0098193
Thread 20 started at time 00:00:10.0104156
Thread 3 started at time 00:00:10.0109315
Thread 8 started at time 00:00:10.0112171
Thread 7 started at time 00:00:10.0112531
Thread 9 started at time 00:00:10.0117256
Thread 4 started at time 00:00:10.0117920
Thread 10 started at time 00:00:10.0117298
Thread 6 started at time 00:00:10.0109381
Thread 5 started at time 00:00:10.0112276
Thread 21 started at time 00:00:11.0095859
Thread 11 started at time 00:00:11.0101189
Thread 22 started at time 00:00:12.0095421
Thread 12 started at time 00:00:12.0111173
Thread 23 started at time 00:00:13.0095932 ...
请注意,前8个线程的启动速度非常快,但随后新线程被限制在每秒一个左右,直到第一批线程终止,然后可以重用。
还要注意,只有当线程需要相对较长的时间才能终止时,才会出现这种效果。