我正在尝试创建一个具有anaconda并支持具有python 2和3的Jupyter笔记本的docker容器。我基于官方的 anaconda python 3 容器创建了一个容器,如下所示:
FROM continuumio/anaconda3:latest
WORKDIR /app/
COPY requirements.txt /app/
RUN pip install --upgrade pip &&
pip install -r requirements.txt
进入容器后,我可以通过输入以下命令让 python 2 和 3 与 Jupyter 笔记本一起工作:
conda create -y -n py2 python=2.7
conda activate py2
conda install -y notebook ipykernel
ipython kernel install --user
conda deactivate
然后当我回到基地并运行jupyter kernelspec list
时,我看到:
(base) root@1683850aacf0:/app# jupyter kernelspec list
Available kernels:
python2 /root/.local/share/jupyter/kernels/python2
python3 /root/.local/share/jupyter/kernels/python3
当我打开Jupyter笔记本服务器时,我看到了python 2和3选项。这就是我想结束的状态。我试图将所有这些转换为 docker 命令,如下所示:
RUN conda create -y -n py2 python=2.7
RUN conda activate py2
RUN conda install -y notebook ipykernel
RUN ipython kernel install --user
RUN conda deactivate
但是运行命令来激活或停用(RUN conda activate py2
(conda环境会给我一个错误:
CommandNotFoundError: Your shell has not been properly configured to use 'conda activate'.
To initialize your shell, run
$ conda init <SHELL_NAME>
Currently supported shells are:
- bash
- fish
- tcsh
- xonsh
- zsh
- powershell
在命令之前添加RUN conda init bash
不会更改错误消息。
另外,基于这个SO问题,我尝试了:
RUN conda create -y -n py3 python=3.7 ipykernel
RUN conda create -y -n py2 python=2.7 ipykernel
但是在我构建并进入容器后,我只看到 python 3 环境:
(base) root@b301d8ab5f1e:/app# jupyter kernelspec list
Available kernels:
python3 /opt/conda/share/jupyter/kernels/python3
我可以激活 py2 并查看该内核,但不能同时激活两者:
(py2) root@b301d8ab5f1e:/app# jupyter kernelspec list
Available kernels:
python2 /opt/conda/envs/py2/share/jupyter/kernels/python2
我还应该尝试什么?
编辑:
我尝试按照 Adiii 的建议指定外壳,如下所示:
FROM continuumio/anaconda3:latest
WORKDIR /app/
COPY requirements.txt /app/
RUN pip install --upgrade pip &&
pip install -r requirements.txt
ENV BASH_ENV ~/.bashrc
SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
RUN conda create -y -n py2 python=2.7
RUN conda activate py2
RUN conda install -y notebook ipykernel
RUN ipython kernel install --user
RUN conda deactivate
这允许容器构建,但由于某种原因没有python 2.7环境:
(base) root@31169f698f14:/app# jupyter kernelspec list
Available kernels:
python3 /root/.local/share/jupyter/kernels/python3
(base) root@31169f698f14:/app# conda info --envs
# conda environments:
#
base * /opt/conda
py2 /opt/conda/envs/py2
(base) root@31169f698f14:/app# conda activate py2
(py2) root@31169f698f14:/app# jupyter kernelspec list
Available kernels:
python3 /root/.local/share/jupyter/kernels/python3
从这个问题开始,您需要在 Dockerfile 中分离SHELL
指令,就像SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
一样。问题可能是 RUN 命令中的默认 shell 是sh
.
这类似于上述解决方案,但避免了一些 每个 RUN 命令中的样板:
ENV BASH_ENV ~/.bashrc
SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
那么像这样的事情应该按预期工作:
RUN conda activate my-env && conda info --envs
或者,持久设置环境(包括交互式 壳牌(您可以:
RUN echo "conda activate my-env" >> ~/.bashrc
Dockerfile
FROM continuumio/anaconda3:latest
WORKDIR /app/
RUN pip install --upgrade pip
ENV BASH_ENV ~/.bashrc
SHELL ["/bin/bash", "-c"]
RUN conda create -y -n py2 python=2.7
RUN conda activate py2
RUN conda install -y notebook ipykernel
RUN ipython kernel install --user
RUN conda deactivate
这就是最终工作的结果:
RUN conda env create -f py2_env.yaml
RUN conda env create -f py3_env.yaml
RUN /bin/bash -c "conda init bash && source /root/.bashrc && conda activate py2 && conda install -y notebook ipykernel && ipython kernel install --user && conda deactivate"
RUN /bin/bash -c "conda init bash && source /root/.bashrc && conda activate py3 && conda install -y notebook ipykernel && ipython kernel install --user && conda deactivate"