组件需要一个名为 'mongoTemplate' 的 Bean，该 Bean 在 JUnit 5 控制器测试中找不到

Question

我想用内存中的MongoDB数据库创建一个JUnit 5控制器集成测试。测试运行并出现错误后出现问题：

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************
Description:
A component required a bean named 'mongoTemplate' that could not be found.

Action:
Consider defining a bean named 'mongoTemplate' in your configuration.

我的控制器如下所示：

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@WebMvcTest(controllers = DeviceController.class)
@EnableMongoRepositories
class DeviceControllerTest {
@MockBean
private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;
@Autowired
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@MockBean
private DeviceService deviceService;
}

我试图说：

excludeAutoConfiguration = EmbeddedMongoAutoConfiguration.class

或：

@ContextConfiguration(classes = {SpringMongoConfiguration.class})

使用配置类，如下所示：

@EnableMongoRepositories
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class SpringMongoConfiguration {
@Bean
public MongoTemplate mongoTemplate() throws Exception {
return new MongoTemplate(new MongoClient("localhost"), "findall");
}
}

我的绒球.xml看起来像：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.interview</groupId>
<artifactId>exercise</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>device</name>
<properties>
<java.version>11</java.version>
<hibernate.version>5.4.0.Final</hibernate.version>
<mapstruct.processor.version>1.3.0.Final</mapstruct.processor.version>
<mapstruct.version>1.3.0.Final</mapstruct.version>
<spring.cloud.starter.netflix.hystrix.version>2.1.2.RELEASE</spring.cloud.starter.netflix.hystrix.version>
<apache.common.lang.version>3.0</apache.common.lang.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
<artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
<artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
<artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
<artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.ogm</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-ogm-mongodb</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
<artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId>
<version>${mapstruct.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
<artifactId>mapstruct</artifactId>
<version>${mapstruct.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>${apache.common.lang.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
<version>${spring.cloud.starter.netflix.hystrix.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-params</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
<version>5.3.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
<version>5.3.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>de.flapdoodle.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>de.flapdoodle.embed.mongo</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-platform-surefire-provider</artifactId>
<version>1.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
<version>5.1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<configuration>
<source>11</source>
<target>11</target>
<annotationProcessorPaths>
<path>
<groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>
<artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId>
<version>${mapstruct.processor.version}</version>
</path>
<path>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.6</version>
</path>
</annotationProcessorPaths>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<finalName>spring-boot-device-docker</finalName>
</build>
</project>

我想我检查了所有可能的选项，真的不知道下一步该怎么做才能达到目标。我将不胜感激有关如何为 JUnit 5 控制器测试配置测试类的建议。

Answer 1

对于单元测试控制器类@MockBean用于模拟服务层或存储库层类或实例

当有人配置某些配置注释(例如

@ComponentScan(basePackages = {})
@EnableMongoRepositories
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@Configuration 

在 Spring 引导应用程序主类中，将配置分离到另一个类文件帮助我克服了这个问题，如以下线程中所述

@WebMvcTest由于缺少依赖项而未运行