Kubernetes 的新手，所以可能是一个愚蠢的问题，请耐心等待 -
我创建了一个具有一个节点的集群，应用了如下所示的示例部署
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: coffedep
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: coffedepapp
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: coffedepapp
spec:
containers:
- name: coffepod
image: nginxdemos/hello:plain-text
ports:
- containerPort: 80'
现在我想从这个podping/连接外部网站/实体，所以我希望我的ping会失败，因为需要应用NodePort/LoadBalancer等服务来连接到外部世界。但令人惊讶的是，ping通过了？我知道我在某个地方大错特错，请在这里纠正我的理解。
Pod 的接口和跟踪路由 -
/ # traceroute google.com
traceroute to google.com (172.217.194.138), 30 hops max, 46 byte packets
1 * * *
2 10.244.0.1 (10.244.0.1) 0.013 ms 0.006 ms 0.004 ms
3 178.128.80.254 (178.128.80.254) 1.904 ms 178.128.80.253 (178.128.80.253) 0.720 ms 178.128.80.254 (178.128.80.254) 5.185 ms
4 138.197.250.254 (138.197.250.254) 0.995 ms 138.197.250.248 (138.197.250.248) 0.634 ms 138.197.250.252 (138.197.250.252) 0.523 ms
5 138.197.245.12 (138.197.245.12) 5.295 ms 138.197.245.14 (138.197.245.14) 0.956 ms 138.197.245.0 (138.197.245.0) 1.160 ms
6 103.253.144.255 (103.253.144.255) 1.396 ms 0.857 ms 0.763 ms
7 108.170.254.226 (108.170.254.226) 1.391 ms 74.125.242.35 (74.125.242.35) 0.963 ms 108.170.240.164 (108.170.240.164) 1.679 ms
8 66.249.95.248 (66.249.95.248) 2.136 ms 72.14.235.152 (72.14.235.152) 1.727 ms 66.249.95.248 (66.249.95.248) 1.821 ms
9 209.85.243.180 (209.85.243.180) 2.813 ms 108.170.230.73 (108.170.230.73) 1.831 ms 74.125.252.254 (74.125.252.254) 2.293 ms
10 209.85.246.17 (209.85.246.17) 2.758 ms 209.85.245.135 (209.85.245.135) 2.448 ms 66.249.95.23 (66.249.95.23) 4.538 ms
11^Z[3]+ Stopped traceroute google.com
/ #
/ #
/ #
/ # ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
16: eth0@if17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP
link/ether ee:97:21:eb:98:bc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.244.0.183/32 brd 10.244.0.183 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::ec97:21ff:feeb:98bc/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
节点的接口 -
root@pool-3mqi2tbi6-b3dc:~# ip ad
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 3a:c1:6f:8d:0f:45 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 178.128.82.251/20 brd 178.128.95.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 10.15.0.5/16 brd 10.15.255.255 scope global eth0:1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::38c1:6fff:fe8d:f45/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 06:88:c4:23:4b:cc brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.130.227.173/16 brd 10.130.255.255 scope global eth1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::488:c4ff:fe23:4bcc/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default
link/ether 02:42:61:08:39:8a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: cilium_net@cilium_host: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 9a:3c:d3:35:b3:35 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet6 fe80::983c:d3ff:fe35:b335/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
6: cilium_host@cilium_net: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:13:c5:6e:52:bf brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.244.0.1/32 scope link cilium_host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::5013:c5ff:fe6e:52bf/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
7: cilium_vxlan: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/ether 4a:ab:3b:3b:0d:b5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet6 fe80::48ab:3bff:fe3b:db5/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
9: cilium_health@if8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether b6:2f:45:83:e0:44 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
inet6 fe80::b42f:45ff:fe83:e044/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
11: lxc1408c930131e@if10: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 8e:45:4d:7b:94:e5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 1
inet6 fe80::8c45:4dff:fe7b:94e5/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
13: lxc0cef46c3977c@if12: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 16:eb:36:8b:fb:45 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 2
inet6 fe80::14eb:36ff:fe8b:fb45/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
15: lxca02c5de95d1c@if14: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 62:9d:0c:34:0f:11 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 3
inet6 fe80::609d:cff:fe34:f11/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
17: lxc32eddb70fa07@if16: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether da:1a:08:95:fb:f2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 4
inet6 fe80::d81a:8ff:fe95:fbf2/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
您不需要服务、节点端口或负载均衡器即可连接到外部世界。如果您的网络策略允许 Pod 与外部通信，则可以。
您需要服务才能从集群内访问 Pod。您需要负载均衡器或节点端口才能从外部连接到集群。