F#、MailboxProcessor和Async运行缓慢



背景

我正在试着找出邮箱处理器。其想法是将其用作某种状态机,在状态之间传递参数,然后退出。有些部分会有异步通信,所以我在那里做了一个睡眠。这是一个控制台应用程序,制作一个Post什么都不做,因为主线程退出并杀死了它后面的所有东西。此外,我尝试过不使用

let sleepWorkflow  = async

,没有任何区别。

问题

(我可能做错了什么)

  1. Go24不是异步的。将RunSynchronously更改为StartImmediate没有明显区别。结尾应该在GetMe下面的某个地方。同时,在提取之后打印"完成"。控件不是应该在睡眠时返回到主线程吗?

    Go24,等等go24 1,结束提取1完成GetMe…

  2. 运行时间非常慢。Fetch没有延迟,大约是10秒(秒表)。我认为F#线程是轻量级的,应该使用线程池。根据调试器的说法,创建每个线程大约需要1秒,看起来像真正的线程。

此外,根据ProcessExplorer的说法,更改为[1..100]将使程序"暂停"100秒,在此期间创建100个线程,然后打印所有内容。实际上,我更喜欢更少的线程和缓慢的增长。

代码。

程序.fs

[<EntryPoint>]
let main argv =

    let a = Mailbox.MessageBasedCounter.DoGo24 1
    let a = Mailbox.MessageBasedCounter.DoFetch 1
    let b = Mailbox.MessageBasedCounter.GetMe
    let task i  = async {
        //Mailbox.MessageBasedCounter.DoGo24 1
        let a = Mailbox.MessageBasedCounter.DoFetch i
        return a
        }
    let stopWatch = System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.StartNew()
    let x = 
        [1..10]
            |> Seq.map task
            |> Async.Parallel
            |> Async.RunSynchronously
    stopWatch.Stop()
    printfn "%f" stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds
    printfn "a: %A" a
    printfn "b: %A" b
    printfn "x: %A" x
    0 // return an integer exit code

邮箱.fs

module Mailbox
#nowarn "40"
type parserMsg =
    | Go24 of int
    | Done
    | Fetch of int * AsyncReplyChannel<string>
    | GetMe of AsyncReplyChannel<string>

type MessageBasedCounter () = 
    /// Create the agent
    static let agent = MailboxProcessor.Start(fun inbox -> 
        // the message processing function
        let rec messageLoop() = async{
            let! msg = inbox.Receive()
            match msg with 
            | Go24 n ->
                let sleepWorkflow  = async{
                    printfn "Go24, wait"
                    do! Async.Sleep 4000 
                    MessageBasedCounter.DoDone() // POST Done.
                    printfn "go24 %d, end" n
                    return! messageLoop()
                } 
                Async.RunSynchronously sleepWorkflow
            | Fetch (i, repl) ->
                let sync = async{
                    printfn "Fetch %d" i
                    do! Async.Sleep 1000
                    repl.Reply( "Reply Fetch " + i.ToString() ) // Reply to the caller 
                    return! messageLoop()
                }
                Async.RunSynchronously sync
            | GetMe (repl) ->
                let sync = async{
                    printfn "GetMe"
                    repl.Reply( "GetMe" ) // Reply to the caller 
                    return! messageLoop()
                }
                Async.RunSynchronously sync
            | Done -> 
                let sync = async{
                    printfn "Done"
                    return! messageLoop()
                }
                Async.RunSynchronously sync 
            }
        // start the loop 
        messageLoop()
        )
    // public interface to hide the implementation
    static member DoDone () = agent.Post( Done )
    static member DoGo24 (i:int) = agent.Post( Go24(i) )
    static member DoFetch (i:int) = agent.PostAndReply( fun reply -> Fetch(i, reply) )
    static member GetMe = agent.PostAndReply( GetMe )

我不一定确定这是主要问题,但代理代码中的嵌套异步和Async.RunSynchrously看起来很可疑。

您不需要创建嵌套的async,只需直接调用match子句主体中的异步操作即可:

// the message processing function
let rec messageLoop() = async{
  let! msg = inbox.Receive()
  match msg with 
  | Go24 n ->
      printfn "Go24, wait"
      do! Async.Sleep 4000 
      MessageBasedCounter.DoDone()
      printfn "go24 %d, end" n
      return! messageLoop()
  | Fetch (i, repl) ->
      (...)

除此之外,重要的是要理解代理只有一个实体计算实例在运行。因此,如果您阻塞了代理的主体,那么所有其他操作都将排队。

如果你想在后台启动一些任务(比如同步操作)并立即恢复代理,你可以在主体内使用Async.Start(但一定要在主体的主要部分递归调用主循环):

  | Go24 n ->
      // Create work item that will run in the background
      let work = async {
        printfn "Go24, wait"
        do! Async.Sleep 4000 
        MessageBasedCounter.DoDone()
        printfn "go24 %d, end" n }
      // Queue the work in a thread pool to be processed
      Async.Start(work)
      // Continue the message loop, waiting for other messages
      return! messageLoop()

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